5‐Acetyl‐2‐amino‐6‐methyl‐4‐(3‐nitrophenyl)‐4H‐pyran‐3‐carbonitrile and 2‐amino‐5‐ethoxycarbonyl‐6‐methyl‐4‐(3‐nitrophenyl)‐4H‐pyrano‐3‐carbonitrile

The structures of the title compounds, C₁₅H₁₃N₃O₄, (I), and C₁₆H₁₅N₃O₅ [IUPAC name: ethyl 6‐amino‐5‐cyano‐2‐methyl‐4‐(3‐nitro­phenyl)‐4H‐pyrano‐3‐carboxyl­ate], (II), are very similar, with the heterocyclic rings adopting boat conformations. The pseudo‐axial m‐nitro­phenyl substituents are rotated by 84.0 (1) and 98.7 (1)° in (I) and (II), respectively, with respect to the four coplanar atoms of the boat. The dihedral angles between the phenyl rings and nitro groups are 12.1 (2) and 8.4 (2)° in (I) and (II), respectively. The two compounds have similar patterns of intermolecular N—H?O and N—H?N hydrogen bonding, which link mol­ecules into infinite tapes along b .     

1‐(4‐Chloro­phenyl)‐2‐methyl‐4‐nitro‐5‐(1‐piperidyl)‐1H‐imidazole

The only specific inter­actions that influence the crystal packing of the title compound, C₁₅H₁₇ClN₄O₂, are weak C—H⋯N and C—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds, even though there is a possibility of, for example, π–π stacking or halogen bonding. The dihedral angle between the mean planes of the imidazole and benzene rings is 59.82 (5)°. The length of the C—N bond connecting the imidazole and piperidine fragments is correlated with the degree of pyramidalization of the piperidine N atom.     

Transformations of Methyl 2‐[(E)‐2‐(Dimethylamino)‐1‐(methoxycarbonyl)ethenyl]‐1‐methyl‐1H‐indole‐3‐carboxylate

A simple and efficient synthesis of novel 2‐heteroaryl‐substituted 1H‐indole‐2‐carboxylates and γ‐carbolines, compounds 1 – 3 , from methyl 2‐(2‐methoxy‐2‐oxoethyl)‐1‐methyl‐1H‐indole‐3‐carboxylate ( 4 ) by the enaminone methodology is presented.     

Synthesis and herbicidal activity of 2‐(3‐(trifluoromethyl)‐5‐(alkoxy)‐1H‐pyrazol‐1‐yl)‐4‐aryloxypyrimidine derivatives

A series of 2‐(3‐(trifluoromethyl)‐5‐(alkoxy)‐1H‐pyrazol‐1‐yl)‐4‐aryloxypyrimidine derivatives were designed and synthesized. The structures of all the title compounds were confirmed by ¹H NMR and elementary analysis. These compounds were screened for herbicidal activity against rape and barnyard grass. Compound B13 exhibited moderate herbicidal activity.     

Regiospecific synthesis of 5‐(1H‐indol‐2‐yl)‐1‐ and 2‐methyl‐6,7‐dihydro‐2H‐indazole isomers

A regiospecific approach to each N‐methyl‐5‐(1H‐indol‐2‐yl)‐6,7‐dihydro‐2H‐indazole isomer is reported. The 1‐methyl isomer 1 was prepared from 5‐bromo‐1‐methyl‐6,7‐dihydro‐1H‐indazole 3 and indole‐2‐boronate 5 by palladium catalyzed Suzuki coupling. The 2‐methyl regioisomer 2 was synthesized via addition of lithium (1‐carboxylato‐1H‐indole‐2‐yl)lithium 6 with 2‐methyl‐2,4,6,7‐tetrahydro‐indazol‐5‐one 8 followed by acid catalyzed dehydration.     

Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities of 2‐(substituted ether)‐5‐(1‐phenyl‐5‐(trifluoromethyl)‐1H‐pyrazol‐4‐yl)‐1,3,4‐oxadiazole Derivatives

By replacing the amide bond into 1,3,4‐oxadiazole moiety, a series of 1‐phenyl‐5‐(trifluoromethyl)‐1H‐pyrazole derivatives bearing 1,3,4‐oxadiazole were synthesized and evaluated their antibacterial and antifungal activity. The bioassay results revealed that compounds 7a and 7b showed the strongest antibacterial activity toward pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae with the EC50 values of 15.0 and 6.4 µg/mL, respectively; compound 6a exhibited comprehensive antifungal activity toward six kinds of fungi; compound 6f could selectively inhibit the growth of Sclertinia sclerotiorum and Rhizoctonia solani with the inhibition rates of 82.5 and 80.3% at the concentrate of 100 µg/mL, respectively; compound 7b exerted good antifungal activity toward Fusarium oxysporum, Cytospora mandshurica, and Rhizoctonia solani with the inhibition rates of 70.8, 69.5, and 71.5%, respectively. The results suggested that this kind of compounds could be further studied as promising antimicrobial agents.     

A practical synthesis of 5‐(4′‐methylbiphenyl‐2‐yl)‐1H‐tetrazole

Practical synthesis of 5‐(4′‐methylbiphenyl‐2‐yl)‐1H‐tetrazole, key intermediate in several angiotensin II receptor antagonists from 2‐fluorobenzonitrile in excellent yields and very high purity is described.     

Synthesis of novel 2‐(2‐methylsulfonyl‐1‐methyl‐1H‐imidazol‐5‐yl)‐5‐(alkylsulfonyl)‐1,3,4‐thiadiazoles

Starting from 5‐hydroxymethyl‐2‐mercapto‐1‐methyl‐1H‐imidazole (1), a series of 2‐(1‐methyl‐2‐methylsulfonyl‐1H‐imidazol‐5‐yl)‐5‐alkylthio and 5‐alkylsulfonyl‐1,3,4‐thiadiazole derivatives ( 9a , 9b , 9c , 9d and 10a , 10b , 10c , 10d ) were prepared as potential antimicrobial agents. The structure of the obtained compounds was confirmed by NMR, IR, Mass spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2010)     

A Facile and Simple Synthesis of Novel 2‐(substituted)‐5‐(1‐methyl‐1H‐indazol‐3‐yl)‐Oxazole Derivatives

Novel 2‐(substituted)‐5‐(1‐methyl‐1H‐indazol‐3‐yl)‐oxazoles ( 13 ) were synthesized in moderate yields, from 1‐methyl‐1H‐Indazole 3‐carboxylic acid ( 1 ), by converting it into a variety of amides ( 12 ) and further its heterocyclization. The structures of all the compounds have been elucidated on the basis of IR, ¹H‐NMR, and HRMS.     

Syntheses of N‐[3‐(1‐methyl‐1H‐2‐imidazolyl)propyl]benzamides and N‐[3‐(1‐methyl‐1H‐2‐imidazolyl)propyl]benzenesulfonamides

A series of substituted N‐(4‐substituted‐benzoyl)‐N‐[3‐(1‐methyl‐1H‐imidazol‐2‐yl)propyl]amines ( 13 ) and N‐arylsulfonyl‐N‐[3‐(1‐methyl‐1H‐imidazol‐2‐yl)propyl]amines ( 14 ) were prepared from the reaction of 3‐(1‐methyl‐1H‐imidazol‐2‐yl)propan‐1‐amine ( 7 ) with substituted benzoyl chloride or substituted‐benzene sulfonyl chloride respectively. Compound 7 was prepared by two independent methods.     

5‐Acetyl‐2‐amino‐6‐methyl‐4‐phenyl‐4H‐pyran‐3‐carbonitrile and 2‐amino‐5‐benzoyl‐6‐methyl‐4‐phenyl‐4H‐pyran‐3‐carbonitrile acetonitrile solvate

The syntheses, X‐ray structural investigations and calculations of the conformational preferences of the carbonyl substituent with respect to the pyran ring have been carried out for the two title compounds, viz. C₁₅H₁₄N₂O₂, (II), and C₂₀H₁₆N₂O₂·C₂H₃N, (III), respectively. In both mol­ecules, the heterocyclic ring adopts a flattened boat conformation. In (II), the carbonyl group and a double bond of the heterocyclic ring are syn, but in (III) they are anti. The carbonyl group forms a short contact with a methyl group H atom in (II). The dihedral angles between the pseudo‐axial phenyl substituent and the flat part of the pyran ring are 92.7 (1) and 93.2 (1)° in (II) and (III), respectively. In the crystal structure of (II), inter­molecular N—H⋯N and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol­ecules into a sheet along the (103) plane, while in (III), they link the mol­ecules into ribbons along the a axis.     

A Simple Synthesis of 5‐(2‐Aminophenyl)‐1H‐pyrazoles

A four‐step synthesis of 1‐substituted 5‐(2‐aminophenyl)‐1H‐pyrazoles 5 as a novel type of histamine analogs and versatile building blocks for further transformations was developed. The synthesis starts from commercially available 2‐nitroacetophenone ( 12 ), which is converted into the enamino ketone 13 as the key intermediate. Cyclization of the key intermediate 13 with monosubstituted hydrazines 14a – 14l afforded the 5‐(2‐nitrophenyl)‐1H‐pyrazoles 17a – 17l . Finally, catalytic hydrogenation of the nitro compounds 17a, 17c – 17e , and 17g – 17j furnished the title compounds 5a, 5c – 5e , and 5g – 5j , respectively, in good yields. As demonstrated by some further transformations, additional functionalization of compounds 17 and 5 is feasible, either by electrophilic substitution at C(4) of the pyrazole ring, or at the NH₂ group.     

Synthesis of (3,5‐Aryl/methyl‐1H‐Pyrazol‐1‐yl)‐(5‐Arylamino‐2H‐1,2,3‐Triazol‐4‐yl)Methanone

Some new (3,5‐aryl/methyl‐1H‐pyrazol‐1‐yl)‐(5‐arylamino‐2H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)methanones were synthesized and characterized by ¹HNMR, ¹³C NMR, MS, IR spectra data and elemental analyses or high resolution mass spectra (HRMS). During the procedure, Dimroth rearrangement was used in this synthesis.     

Two polymorphs of morpholin‐4‐ium 2‐(5‐methyl‐1H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐3‐ylsulfanyl)acetate

Two polymorphs of the title organic salt (a very effective medicinal preparation with the commercial name thiotriazoline), C₄H₁₀NO⁺·C₅H₆N₃O₂S⁻, were obtained. The cations and anions are connected by hydrogen bonds and extend into two‐dimensional networks. The main packing motifs are an R₄⁴(12) cluster in the monoclinic form and a chain in the orthorhombic form.     

Synthesis and reactions of 2‐chloro‐2‐(hydroximino)‐1‐(4‐methyl‐2‐phenylthiazol‐5‐yl)ethanone

3‐Nitrosoimidazo[1,2‐a]pyridine, 3‐nitrosoimidazo[1,2‐a]pyrimidine, 3‐nitrosoquinoxaline, 2‐nitroso‐4H‐benzo[b]thiazine, 2‐nitroso‐4H‐benzo[b]oxazine, isoxazoles, isoxazolo[3,4‐d]pyridazines and pyrrolo[3,4‐d]isoxazole‐4,6‐dione were synthesized from 2‐chloro‐2‐(hydroximino)‐1‐(4‐methyl‐2‐phenylthiazol‐5‐yl)ethanone and different reagents. Structures of the newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by elemental analysis and spectral data.     

Zwitterionic 5‐(1‐piperidiniomethyl)‐1H‐tetrazolide

The title compound, C₇H₁₃N₅, a tetrazole analogue of betaines, exists as a zwitterion, with the H atom of the tetrazole ring being transferred to the piperidine ring N atom. The tetrazole ring symmetry is close to C_2v, which suggests strong charge delocalization in the N—C—N fragment of the ring. There are classical hydrogen bonds in the structure which are responsible for the formation of two‐membered aggregates.     

A convenient synthesis of 2‐(1H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐1‐yl)‐2H‐1,4‐benzothiazine derivatives

A series of 2‐(1H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐1‐yl)‐2H‐1,4‐benzothiazines were designed and synthesized by condensation of 1,2,4‐triazole‐substituted ω‐bromoacetophenones and o‐aminothiophenols with the aid of K₂CO₃ under mild conditions with moderate to high yields. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 19:332–336, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/hc.20434