液质联用测定人参与五灵脂、莱菔子配伍的人参皂苷

采用液质联用(HPLC-ESI-MSn)技术,对不同比例的人参、五灵脂和人参、莱菔子的水煎液、沉淀和药渣进行研究,共鉴定了10种人参皂苷,并对这10种人参皂苷配伍前后的变化进行了系统的研究。实验结果表明,在共煎液中,除Ro外,其它皂苷的含量都有所下降。五灵脂或莱菔子的加入对人参皂苷的影响不同,莱菔子影响人参皂苷的溶出,而与五灵脂配伍,部分人参皂苷生成沉淀。     

锦灯笼中无机元素含量测定

采用ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ法检测了要笼果实及其干燥宿萼中无机元素含量。结果表明,锦灯笼含有丰富的对人体有益的无机元素,具较高的营养价值。     

小驳骨丹无机元素的含量测定

采用电感耦合等离子发射光谱法（ICP－AES）测定小驳骨丹和茎叶，花及药酒中15种无机元素的含量。实验结果表明，茶叶，花和药酒中含有极大量的Ca和Mg元素。     

活血化瘀中药中无机元素含量测定

采用原子吸收分光光度法测定了丹参、红花草、益母草等活血化瘀中草药中多种无机元素的含量。结果表明,这些中草药中含有多种直接参与组织代谢的微量元素。     

原子吸收分光光度法测定杜仲茶中无机元素含量

原子吸收分光光度法测定杜仲茶中无机元素含量王彩兰ａ孙瑞霞ｂ吕文英ｂ王太霞ｃａ（河南师范大学化学系新乡４５３００２）ｂ（河南师范大学分析测试中心新乡４５３００２）ｃ（河南师范大学生物系新乡４５３００２）关键词原子吸收杜仲叶制茶无机元素中图分类号Ｏ６５７...     

13种龟甲的无机元素和氨基酸含量比较

以１３种龟甲为药样，用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法和氨基酸自动分析仪对１３种龟甲的无机元素及９种龟甲的氨基酸含量进行测定，为龟甲的品质评价及资源开发利用提供了科学参考。     

五灵脂及其炮制品的微量元素含量测定

为分析五灵脂生药及其炮制品中的微量元素，用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法（ICP－AES）分析比较了五灵脂及其炮制品中15种微量元素的含量。结果表明，五灵脂生药及其炮制品中富含钙，镁，铁，炮制品可减少铝的溶出。     

各种栽培因子下培养的灵芝无机元素含量比较测定

研究表明,不同产地、段木材料和采收期所产出的灵芝,其无机元素含量有明显差异,为筛选最佳的灵芝野外生长条件提供了可靠依据。     

不同产地高良姜无机元素含量的比较

用等离子体发射光谱法测定了三个不同产地高良姜的元素含量，在２７种被测元素中，除Ａｓ、Ｂｅ、Ｃｒ、Ｍｏ、Ｐｂ、Ｓｂ、Ｔｌ７种元素未被检出外，三个产地的高良姜均含有Ａｇ、Ａｌ、Ｂ、Ｂａ、Ｃａ、Ｃｄ、Ｃｏ、Ｃｕ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｇ、Ｍｎ、Ｎａ、Ｎｉ、Ｓｅ、Ｓｉ、Ｖ、Ｚｎ、Ｋ、Ｐ、Ｓ２０种元素，湛江产的高良姜大多数元素的含量要高于其它两地。Ｚｎ和Ｍｎ两种人体必需微量元素的含量较丰富。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定香薷中无机元素含量的研究

采用电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP—MS）法对香薷中的Ca、Mg、Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn、Co、Ni、Se等18种无机元素进行了分析测定。该方法的回收率在84．62％～113．16％,具有良好的准确度和精密度,完全可以满足香薷样品中无机元素测定要求。研究结果表明：香薷中Ca和Mg两种必须的常量元素的含量特别高,微量元素Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn、Co、Ni、Se含量丰富。此结果可为探讨香薷中元素含量与其药效相关性提供科学依据。     

Ginsenoside-Rg6, a Novel Triterpenoid Saponin from the Stem-Leaves of Panax ginseng C. A. Mey.

A novel dammarane-type triterpene oligoglycoside, named ginsenoside-Rg6 3, was isolated from the stem-leaves of Panax ginseng C.A.Mey., together with two known ones, 20(S)-ginsenoside-Rg2 1 and 20(R)-ginsenoside-Rg2 2.On the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence , the structure of ginsenoside-Rg6 have been elucidated as 6-O-α-L-rhamnosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-dammarane-(E)-20(22), 24-diene-3β, 6α, 12β-triol.     

Determination of Saponins in Leaf of Panax Ginseng C. A. Mey. by High Performance Liquid Chromatography

A high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) with UV detection was established for simultaneous determination of saponins in the leaf of Panax ginseng C. A. Mey. Nine ginsenosides(Rb1,Rb2,Rb3,Rc,Rd,F1,F2,F3,F5) and notoginsenoside Fe(NFe) were studied. Among the saponins,the ginsenosides F1,F2,F3,F5 and NFe were determined by HPLC-UV method for the first time. The determination of the ginsenosides via the HPLC-UV method was performed on a reversed-phase C18 column with gradient elution in 40 min. The line...     

Ultrasonic nebulization extraction coupled with headspace hollow fiber microextraction of pesticides from root of Panax ginseng C.A. Mey

The ultrasonic nebulization extraction coupled with headspace hollow fiber microextraction (UNE-HS-HFME) was applied for the extraction of pesticides from root of Panax ginseng C.A. Mey. Experimental parameters, which affect the performances of ultrasonic nebulization extraction coupled with headspace hollow fiber microextraction, such as the kind of acceptor solvent in the pore of the fiber wall, the sample amount, extraction time, salt concentration in extraction solvent, pH of the acceptor solution, the elution time, and times were studied and optimized. The analytes were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The detection limits for simeton, monolinuron, chlortoluron, karmex, and prebane are 20.9, 18.4, 18.2, 12.4, and 22.2 μg/kg, respectively. Besides volatile and semi-volatile compounds, the non-volatile compounds also can be determined by the proposed method. The extraction and enrichment process can be performed simultaneously.     

Structure Analysis of Pectin SB1-1 from the Root of Panax ginseng

A water-soluble pectin SB1-1 was isolated and purified from the root of Panax ginseng C. A. Mey. The HPLC analysis indicates that SB1-1 is homogenous. Its molecular weight was estimated via gel filtration to be 10000. The GC analysis indicated that it contains the monosaccharides of GalA, Gal, Ara and Rha. Their molar ratio is 2.10 : 1.00 : 0.12 : 0.13. Partial hydrolysis with acid, pectinase treatment, periodate oxidation, Smith degradation, methylation analyses, GC/MS analyses and NMR analyses were used for the structure analyses of SB1-1. The results reveal that SB1-1 has a lower branched structure. The main chain is composed of GalA and Gal; the inner part is a-1,4-linked-GalA; the border is 1,4-linked-Gal. Some of the 1,4-linked-GalA and 1.4-linked-Gal residues are substituted at O6. On an average, there is one branch for every ten hexose residues. The side chain is composed of 1,6-linked-Gal and 1,3,6-linked-Gal. The nonreduced end is composed of Rha, Ara and Gal. The main glycosidic link of SB1-1 has an a configuration.     

离子液体-非极性溶剂微波提取法在人参化学成分研究中的应用

以离子液体作为微波吸收介质建立了离子液体-非极性溶剂微波提取法,对人参中的化学成分进行了提取,并将该法与固体微波吸收介质-非极性溶剂微波提取法、极性溶剂微波提取法以及混合溶剂微波提取法进行了对比.结果表明,极性溶剂提取的主要化学成分为极性化合物,而固体微波吸收介质-非极性溶剂微波提取法与离子液体-非极性溶剂微波提取法相比,提取所得的化学成分并无明显差别,说明离子液体是一种较好的微波吸收介质和能量传递材料.所建立的方法具有提取时间短、操作简单及绿色环保等优点,且对后期分析无明显影响,是快速提取化学成分的理想方法.     

高效液相色谱法测定竹节参中多种人参皂苷含量

建立了高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定竹节参中人参皂苷Rg1、Re、Rb1、Rb2、Rg2、Rd含量的方法.运用二极管阵列检测器(DAD)峰纯度和光谱检索功能,结合保留时间定性,外标峰面积法定量.采用C18反相柱,以乙腈-水梯度洗脱测定了同一批竹节参总皂苷中人参皂苷Rg1、Re、Rd的含量分别为0.81%、0.15%、2.99%,回收率为93.46%~94.02%,含量及回收率的RSD均小于5%,该方法简便、灵敏,精密度及准确度在允许范围内,可作为竹节参皂苷提取物中多种人参皂苷的同时测定方法.     

离子液体-基质固相分散-超声雾化-固相萃取结合高效液相色谱法检测人参中三嗪类除草剂

采用固载1-甲基-3己基咪唑六氟磷酸([C6MIM][PF6])的硅胶作为基质固相分散剂,与超声雾化提取及C18固相萃取相结合,对人参提取物进行提取和净化;采用高效液相色谱法,建立了人参中5种三嗪类除草剂的检测方法.样品前处理的最优条件为:300 mg人参粉末与150 mg硅胶([C6MIM][PF6]含量2.0 mmol/g)研磨5 min,以20.0 mL去离子水(pH 7,含1.0％ NaCl)超声雾化提取10 min,再以5.0 mL乙腈洗脱萃取小柱(300 mg C18).实验结果表明,目标物的检出限为0.020～0.035 g/g,线性相关系数r2≥0.9992,实际样品加标回收率为78.2％～95.4％,相对标准偏差为3.5％ ～6.0％.本方法快速高效、净化效果好、提取率高,为中药中农药残留的检测提供了新的样品前处理方法.     

竹节人参中氨基酸和皂甙特征组分的分析鉴别

建立了利用高效液相色谱法和红外光谱法分析鉴别竹节人参中氨基酸和皂甙的特征组分的方法。分离了竹节人参中的皂甙和水溶性氨基酸, 并对其中的Rb1和Rg1两种人参皂甙以及17种氨基酸进行了定性分析;粗皂甙红外图谱的主要特征峰与Rb1一致。通过与指定的粗皂甙的红外图谱相比较,可鉴定药品的真伪;分析样品色谱图中氨基酸和皂甙等成分的比例,可对该产品进行内在品质的鉴定。该方法简便 快速,所得实验结果代表性强,重现性良好。     

珠子参化学成分分析

从珠子参根茎中分离得到7个化合物. 利用核磁共振、 质谱和红外等手段, 并结合其理化性质, 鉴定了其结构, 它们分别是24(R)-珠子参苷R1, 6-O-[β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→2)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基]-20-O-[β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基]-20(S)-原人参三醇、 6″-乙酰基-人参皂苷Rd、 人参皂苷Rf、 竹节参皂苷Ⅳa、 人参皂苷Rd和竹节参皂苷Ⅴ. 其中, 24(R)-珠子参苷R1和6-O-[β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→2)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基]-20-O-[β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基]-20(S)-原人参三醇为2个新化合物, 6″-乙酰基-人参皂苷Rd 和人参皂苷Rf为首次从珠子参根茎中得到.     

A new compound with cytotoxic activities from the leaves of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer

A new compound, 3,6,20（S）-trihydroxy- 12,23-epoxydammar-24-ene,6,20-di-O-β-D-glucopyranoside （1）, was isolated from the leaves of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer, whose structural elucidation was carried out by means of spectral analysis （including IR, HR- FAB-MS and NMR）. This compound showed the moderate cytotoxic activities against U937 and HeLa cells by using the MTT method.