共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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超导量子干涉仪、超导光子探测器等深空探测器需要液氦温区制冷技术提供极低温温度,固体界面接触热阻的存在会增大耦合界面温度差,进而增加制冷机系统冷损.为定量探究4~20 K深低温区固体接触热阻,采用GM作为冷源,设计了一台可同时调节压力和低温温度的固体界面接触热阻测试实验台.利用感压纸进行接触界面压力校核,并对温度重复性进行验证.实验测试了不同导热介质填充情况下,温度和压力变化时固体接触热阻的变化规律.基于最小二乘法对实验数据进行半经验公式拟合,获得4~20 K温区不同压力加载条件下的接触热阻的定量参考. 相似文献
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超导量子干涉仪、 超导光子探测器等深空探测器需要液氦温区制冷技术提供极低温温度, 固体界面接触热阻的存在会增大耦合界面温度差, 进而增加制冷机系统冷损. 为定量探究4~20 K 深低温区固体接触热阻, 采用GM 作为冷源, 设计了一台可同时调节压力和低温温度的固体界面接触热阻测试实验台. 利用感压纸进行接触界面压力校核, 并对温度重复性进行验证. 实验测试了不同导热介质填充情况下, 温度和压力变化时固体接触热阻的变化规律. 基于最小二乘法对实验数据进行半经验公式拟合, 获得4 ~20 K 温区不同压力加载条件下的接触热阻的定量参考. 相似文献
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氮化铝(AlN)具有高热导性、高电绝缘性,是超导二元电流引线热截流结构中常用的材料之一。根据稳态导热法建立低温真空实验装置,实验研究了超导冷却系统热截流结构中,界面温度和接触压力对AlN块材与无氧铜(OFHC-Cu)块材间接触界面热阻的影响。在实验温度(90K-210K)和压力(0.273MPa-0.985MPa)条件下,AlN/OFHC-Cu接触界面热阻随接触压力的提高而降低,而当界面温度上升时界面热阻由于热载子热运动的强化而降低,温度较高时,接触界面热阻随压力变化的速率趋缓。低温下AlN/OFHC-Cu间的接触界面热阻是直接冷却超导系统的设计和超导系统的热稳定性方面必需解决的问题。 相似文献
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在低温工程中,两个接触固体之间存在着接触热阻与接触电阻,将对低温实验中热量及电流的传输产生显著的影响,是进行低温下物性研究的关键。自行研制了一套可同步实现固体接触热阻和接触电阻的测量装置,该系统具有较高的精度,可实现外界力、温度等对接触热阻的测量,同时具备接触电阻的实时测量功能。在此基础上,开展了外界压力、温度、电流对接触热阻和接触电阻的实验研究。实验结果显示:随着压力的增大,接触热阻与接触电阻随之减小;低温下,随着温度的增大接触热阻与接触电阻增大,接触电阻增大的速率要比接触热阻快。温度平衡时,20mA范围内的电流变化对接触电阻的影响显著,对接触热阻影响非常小。当界面温度达到室温后,首次观测到接触热阻和接触电阻会随着温度的增大而减小。 相似文献
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《低温与超导》2017,(4)
超导元件需用液氦降温至极低工作温度才能实现超导性能,液氦温区仅靠真空多层绝热方式无法达到理想绝热效果,采用液氮冷屏隔断液氦和环境之间的传热,能够有效降低液氦系统蒸发损失和液氦用量。为研究热阻对液氮冷屏传热特性的影响,建立了液氮冷屏热阻模型,通过理论传热计算得到了不同热阻与冷屏板温度及传热量之间的关系,利用数值模拟软件对不同热导率材料和不同板厚下冷屏板的温度分布进行了分析。结果表明,最不利热阻为接触热阻和导热热阻,采用高导热系数材料及适度增加冷屏板厚度有助于提高冷屏板温度分布的均匀性,减小接触热阻和冷屏板表面发射率有助于提高冷屏隔热性能,为改善冷屏热屏蔽效果提供依据。 相似文献
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利用稳态电热拉曼技术测量了碳纳米管纤维对流换热环境下的导热系数. 该方法基于材料拉曼信号与温度之间的关系, 实时探测一维材料在不同电加热(内热源)下的中心点温度, 利用对流环境下的稳态导热模型推导出材料的导热系数, 实现了一维微纳材料热物性的无损化和非接触式测量. 实验发现: 碳纳米管纤维的导热系数远低于单根碳纳米管的导热系数, 但高于碳纳米管堆积床的导热系数. 这表明碳纳米管体材料的热物性主要取决于内部管束的列阵和管束间的接触热阻. 相似文献
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《工程热物理学报》2016,(9)
本文提出了一种"拉曼热测量两步法",成功测量了单层石墨烯与二氧化硅基底之间的界面热阻和石墨烯在基底作用下的导热系数。第一步利用稳态电流加热石墨烯,利用拉曼响应测量其与基底的温差,继而测得石墨烯与基底之间的界面热阻。第二步通过激光加热,由拉曼散射信号获得不同加热功率下的石墨烯的局部温度,根据点热源热扩散模型推导出石墨烯的导热系数。研究发现非约束状态下的石墨烯在加热状态下由于具有明显的形貌变化(褶皱,局部脱离基底等),导致产生较大的接触热阻;同时实验发现由于界面处的声子散射和泄漏,基底状态下的石墨烯导热系数较低。本文利用拉曼热测量技术同时实现了石墨烯界面热阻和石墨烯导热系数的无损化和非接触式测量。 相似文献
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Non-equilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) simulations are employed to investigate the longitudinal thermal conductivity of non-orthogonal extended X-junction (EX-junction) of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). Different from standard junctions of SWCNTs, two distinct jumps in the temperature profile around the EX-junction are observed, which are responsible for the larger temperature gradient and reduction in thermal conductivity when compared to standard X-junction. Quantum corrected results show that the longitudinal thermal resistance of the X-junction and EX-junction decreases monotonically with increasing temperature which makes the longitudinal thermal conductivity of the tube with junction less sensitive to temperature above 400 K comparing with the individual pristine tube. The origin of the significant decrease of thermal conductivity of EX-junction is discussed through phonon spectra analysis. 相似文献
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《Current Applied Physics》2014,14(4):590-595
In this study, we reported the effects of the boron (B) substitution into the Ca site in the Ca3Co4O9 system on the electrical, thermal and magnetic properties between 300 K and 5 K. The results indicated that the B-substitution into the system caused an increase of resistivity due to the decrease on carrier concentration. Thermal conductivity decreased for the x = 0.5 B-substituted sample and then increased with increasing the B-content. Analysis on the thermal conductivity of samples showed that the phonon–phonon interaction term is the dominant component in the total thermal conductivity for all the samples. It was found that the point defect contribution to the thermal conductivity increased by increasing the B-content. The temperature dependence of magnetic susceptibility showed a paramagnetic behavior at room temperature and ferrimagnetic behavior below 20 K for unsubstituted sample. But, the magnetization decreased in the B-substituted samples. The substitution of B into the Ca site destroyed the interlayer coupling, which resulted in the decrease of the ferromagnetic behavior. The susceptibility data was fitted using Curie–Weiss law with temperature independent term and the μeff values were calculated to be 1.42 μB and 3.89 μB for unsubstituted sample and the highest B-substitution, respectively. 相似文献
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Atsuhiko Yamanaka Yasuko Mito-oka Susumu Okihara Tooru Kitagawa 《Journal of Macromolecular Science: Physics》2013,52(9):595-607
The thermal conductivities of compression molded thin films of poly-p-phenylene-2,6-benzobisoxazole (PBO) were measured in directions along an in-plane axis in the 10–300?K temperature range by a steady-state heat flow method, with interest in the use of the material for superconductivity applications. The thermal conductivities of the PBO films increased from 0.3?W/mK to 9.0?W/mK with increasing temperature from 10?K to 300?K and these were much higher than those of polyimide films, epoxy resin and glass fiber reinforced plastics at all temperatures. The 9.0?W/mK at 300?K was 60% of that of stainless steel (SUS304). It was 6?W/mK at 150?K, which was half that of SUS304 and was 3.3?W/mK at 77?K, which was 33% of that of SUS304. The thermal conductivities of the PBO films were lower than those of a cloth of high strength ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber reinforced plastics in the 30?K–180?K temperature range and were almost equivalent to its values in the 180?K–300?K temperature range. The main contribution to the thermal conduction in the PBO films was from thermal phonon conduction along the molecular chains. Although many kinds of high thermal conductivity polymeric materials have been prepared by a uni-directional drawing process or by adding high thermal conductive additives, the PBO film showed high thermal conductivity without a uni-directional drawing process or high thermal conductive additive. 相似文献
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使用分子动力学模拟方法在NVT系综下对结构完整CO_2水合物以及结构缺陷CO_2水合物进行了导热模拟计算.对于结构完整的CO_2水合物,在200-230 K温度区间内,体系导热系数由0.4684 W·m~(-1)·K~(-1)变化到0.4836 W·m~(-1)·K~(-1),温度相关性较弱;而在230-280 K温度区间内,体系导热系数由0.4836 W·m~(-1)·K~(-1)变化到0.7494 W·m~(-1)·K~(-1),温度相关性变强;另外,通过计算功率图谱发现主体分子对水合物体系的导热贡献更大.对于结构缺陷CO_2水合物,发现晶穴占有率和笼形结构缺陷对体系导热均有一定影响,空笼晶胞导热系数约为完整晶胞导热系数的86.67%,体系的导热能力主要取决于主体结构的性质. 相似文献
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建立了考虑变截面、变热导率及界面接触热阻效应的组合热整流结构的温度场及热整流系数的理论模型和有限元解.数值算例证明了本文模型及算法的可靠性,进而通过参数影响研究确定了若干几何及材料参数对结构热整流系数的影响规律,揭示界面接触热阻对热整流效果的影响机理.研究结果表明长度比、截面半径变化率、热导率、边界条件温差和界面接触热阻等因素必须通过优化设计才能得到最大的热整流系数,同时界面接触热阻的引入也为调控热整流系数提供了一条新的途径. 相似文献
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Ping Yang Xialong Li Yanfan Zhao Haiying Yang Shuting Wang 《Physics letters. A》2013,377(34-36):2141-2146
We investigate the thermal transport properties of armchair graphene nanoribbons (AGNRs) possessing various sizes of triangular vacancy defect within a temperature range of 200–600 K by using classical molecular dynamics simulation. The results show that the thermal conductivities of the graphene nanoribbons decrease with increasing sizes of triangular vacancy defects in both directions across the whole temperature range tested, and the presence of the defect can decrease the thermal conductivity by more than 40% as the number of removed cluster atoms is increased to 25 (1.56% for vacancy concentration) owing to the effect of phonon–defect scattering. In the meantime, we find the thermal conductivity of defective graphene nanoribbons is insensitive to the temperature change at higher vacancy concentrations. Furthermore, the dependence of temperatures and various sizes of triangular vacancy defect for the thermal rectification ration are also detected. This work implies a possible route to achieve thermal rectifier for 2D materials by defect engineering. 相似文献