Pokemon和p53在乳腺癌组织中的表达及其生物学意义

目的 探讨乳腺癌组织中Pokemon和p53蛋白的表达及其相关性，并分析其与乳腺癌患者临床病理特征的关系。方法 采用免疫组化En Vision 法检测90 例乳腺癌和相应癌旁组织中Pokemon 和p53 蛋白的表达情况。结果 乳腺癌组织中Pokemon和p53蛋白表达阳性率均明显高于癌旁组织（均P＜0.01）；Pokemon 和p53蛋白的表达与乳腺癌患者临床分期及淋巴结转移均有关（均P＜0.01），而与患者年龄、肿瘤大小、组织学类型及分级均无关（均P ＞0.05）。Spearman相关分析显示在乳腺癌组织中，Pokemon 和p53 蛋白表达呈正相关（P＜0.01）。结论 Pokemon 和p53蛋白异常表达可能与乳腺癌的发生、发展有关，联合检测两者对评估乳腺癌生物学行为及预后具有较重要的临床意义。     

胃癌组织中B7-H1的表达及临床意义研究

目的检测人体胃癌组织中B7-H1的表达,探讨其与患者临床病理特征的关系及对预后的影响。方法采用免疫组化染色法检测胃癌组织中B7-H1的表达,分析其在胃癌组织中的阳性表达率与患者临床病理特征之间的关系,并绘制患者术后生存曲线,评价B7-H1表达对预后的影响。结果65例胃癌组织中癌细胞的细胞膜、细胞质以及部分肿瘤组织浸润的淋巴管及淋巴细胞中均有检测到B7-H1的阳性表达,阳性率为36.9%。有淋巴结转移或脉管内有癌栓的患者B7-H1阳性率较高（均P＜0.05）。B7-H1阳性表达的胃癌患者术后5年生存率（25.0%）低于阴性表达的患者（56.1%）（P＜0.05）。结论B7-H1阳性表达的胃癌患者易发生淋巴结转移,预后较差,B7-H1可作为评价胃癌患者预后的指标之一。     

CT小肠造影和消化内镜检查用于克罗恩病诊断的价值比较

目的探讨CT小肠造影检查和消化内镜对克罗恩病（CD）的诊断价值。方法选取24例CD患者,先行多层螺旋CT小肠造影（MSCT）检查,再行消化内镜检查,其中小肠MSCT检查24例,结肠镜检查22例,胶囊内镜检查2例。结果24例CD病患者小肠MSCT检查显示节段性肠壁增厚并异常强化,肠腔狭窄5例,木梳征5例,肠系膜淋巴结增生10例,腹腔脓肿1例,不完全肠梗阻2例。小肠MSCT检查中病变范围累积结肠22例,回肠24例,盲肠5例,直肠1例。小肠MSCT检查的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为40％、77％、67％、67％,消化内镜为36％、61％、44％、53％。结论小肠MSCT检查是诊断小肠CD的一种有效的检查方法,并可判断病变的活动期,能较好的评估活动性CD,对指导临床治疗具有重要意义。     

乳腺癌患者血清中TBX3的表达及其与临床病理特征的关系

目的探讨乳腺癌患者血清中TBX3的表达水平,探讨其与临床病理特征的关系。方法采用ELISA法检测142例乳腺癌患者、70例乳腺良性疾病患者和80例健康女性血清中TBX3的表达水平,并比较3者之间的差异,分析血清TBX3与乳腺癌患者年龄、月经状态、组织学分级、腋窝淋巴结及远处脏器转移、TNM分期以及雌激素受体（ER）、孕激素受体（PR）、人表皮生长因子受体2（Her-2）、细胞核增殖抗原（Ki-67）之间的相关性。结果142例乳腺癌患者血清TBX3水平为2.13（1.01-6.15）ng/ml,显著高于健康对照组[1.60（0.99-2.18）ng/ml]及良性对照组[1.58（0.71-3.18）ng/ml],差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05或0.01）。血清TBX3表达水平与乳腺癌患者年龄、月经无关,但随着乳腺癌组织学级别增加、TNM分期进展、出现腋窝淋巴结及远处脏器转移而显著升高。此外,ER阳性及Her-2过表达者血清TBX3表达水平较ER阴性及Her-2低表达者明显升高,差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）。Ki-67≥14%者与Ki-67＜14%者、PR阳性者与PR阴性者之间血清TBX3表达水平的差异均无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）。结论血清TBX3在乳腺癌患者血清中高表达,且与乳腺癌组织学分级、TNM分期、腋窝淋巴结及远处脏器转移、ER及Her-2密切相关,提示血清TBX3可能可以作为乳腺癌临床诊断、预后判断及随访监测的分子标记物。     

CXCR4和VEGF—C在胃癌淋巴结转移中的作用及相关性

目的探讨CXCR4和VEGF—C在胃癌淋巴结转移中的作用及两者的相关性。方法应用免疫组化法及RT—PCR检测CXCR4及VEGF—C在人胃癌组织中的表达水平，并分析其与胃癌淋巴结转移的关系。结果CXCR4及VEGF—C蛋白在癌旁组织中无阳性表达，在胃癌组织中均呈阳性表达。胃癌组织中CXCR4及VEGF—C蛋白阳性表达率均明显高于癌旁组织（P〈005或0．01），且No组织、N、＋N2组织、N3组织中CXCR4及VEGF—C蛋白阳性表达率两两比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈005或001）。不同胃癌组织中CXCR4mRNA及VEGF—CmRNA的表达明显不同，差异均有统计学意义（P〈005或001）。胃癌组织中CXCR4表达与VEGF-C表达呈显著正相关（r=0．355，P〈001）。结论胃癌中CXCR4和VEGF—C的表达呈正相关，两者的协同作用与胃癌患者淋巴结转移密切相关，进一步研究两者的作用机制可能对预测淋巴结转移及判断预后有重要临床价值。     

Pgp、GST-π、TOPO- Ⅱ 在胃 印戒细胞癌中的表达特点及临床意义

目的 探讨P-糖蛋白（Pgp）、谷胱甘肽转移酶π（GST-π）、拓扑异构酶Ⅱ（TOPO-Ⅱ）在胃印戒细胞癌中的表达特 点及其临床意义。方法 以免疫组化检测64例胃印戒细胞癌组织中Pgp、GST-π、TOPO-Ⅱ的表达,并分析其特点及与患者临床病理特征间的关系。结果 Pgp、GST-π、TOPO-Ⅱ在胃印戒细胞癌中的阳性表达率分别为25.0%（16/64）、35.9%（23/64）、40.6%（26/64）,在胃高-中分化腺癌中阳性表达率分别为10.9%（7/64）、37.5%（24/64）、60.9%（39/64）。Pgp在胃印戒细胞癌中阳性表达率高于高-中分化腺癌,TOPO-Ⅱ的阳性表达率则低于高-中分化腺癌,均有统计学差异（均P＜0.05）,而GST-π阳性表达率与胃高-中分化腺癌比较无统计学差异（P＞0.05）。胃印戒细胞癌的Pgp、GST-π、TOPO-Ⅱ阳性表达率在不同临床分期、淋巴结转移患者间比较均有统计学差异（均P＜0.05）,在不同年龄、性别患者间比较均无统计学差异（均P＞0.05）。结论 Pgp、GST-π、TOPO-Ⅱ的表达对治疗及预后判断具有一定的参考意义。     

Neuropilin-1与胃癌发生、发展及血管生成的关系

目的探讨胃癌组织中Neuropilin-1、VEGF的表达与胃癌生物学行为及血管生成的关系和意义.方法应用免疫组化ElivisionTM法检测正常胃黏膜、上皮内瘤变、胃癌组织中Neuropilin-1、VEGF、CD34的表达并测定MVD,回顾分析胃癌患者的临床病理资料.结果胃癌组织中Neuropilin-1、VEGF的表达及MVD高于正常胃黏膜和上皮内瘤变组织,且与胃癌淋巴结转移、浸润程度密切相关.Neuropilin-1、VEGF表达阳性组的MVD高于各自阴性组.两者表达呈正相关关系,联合表达时MVD增高.结论 Neuropilin-1、VEGF、血管生成参与了胃癌发生、浸润与转移;Neuropilin-1、VEGF参与了胃癌的血管生成;表达存在协同作用;联合表达时血管生成的效应增强.Neuropilin-1作为肿瘤抗血管治疗的靶点具有一定的价值.     

多形性脑胶质母细胞瘤中1p/19q杂合性缺失的表达及其意义

目的探讨多形性胶质母细胞瘤（GBM）中1p/19q杂合性缺失（1p/19q LOH）的表达类型及其意义。方法通过荧光原位杂交法检测29例GBM、17例间变性星形细胞瘤（AA）和12例少突星形细胞瘤（OA）中1p/19q LOH的表达及其差异。结果 GBM、AA和OA中1p/19q LOH的发生率分别为24.1%、35.3%和75.0%，其中同时发生1p和19q LOH的比率分别为13.8%、23.5%和66.7%，GBM中1p/19q LOH的发生率明显低于AA和OA（P＜0.05）。GBM的VEGF阳性表达率和Ki-67增殖指数分别为75.9%和87.66±16.21，AA为47.1%和49.57±4.73，OA为41.7%和41.62±4.25，GBM与后两者比较，均有统计学差异（均P＜0.05）。1p/19q LOH的发生率与VEGF阳性表达和Ki-67增殖指数呈负相关（均P＜0.05）。结论1p/19q LOH的表达可能有助于评估GBM患者对烷化剂类药物治疗的敏感性及其预后。     

宝石能谱CT对胃癌区域淋巴结转移的诊断价值

目的 研究宝石能谱CT（gemstone spectral CT,GSCT）对胃癌区域淋巴结转移的诊断价值。方法 回顾分析52例胃镜下组织学活检证实为胃癌并行GSCT（GSCT 组,24 例）或双源CT（dual source CT,DSCT）（DSCT 组,28 例）的患者,两组除常规CT增强检查外,GSCT在动脉期应用能谱成像GSI（gemstone spectral imaging）软件,获得区域转移淋巴结与胃癌病变的能谱衰减曲线,对比分析两组CT结果与术后病理结果符合率及GSCT 对转移淋巴结评估的准确性。结果 通过计算淋巴结大小、CT 值差值及短长径比值的方法,GSCT 组评估淋巴结转移与病理符合率高于DSCT 组（P＜0.05）;胃癌及转移淋巴结能谱分析结果无统计学差异（P≥0.05）。结论 GSCT 检查胃癌区域淋巴结转移与病理结果的一致性高于DSCT;GSCT可对胃癌术前转移淋巴结进行详细判断,并对术前评估提供了理论依据和技术支持,具有重要的临床应用价值。     

上皮细胞黏附分子在胃癌组织中的表达及其与预后的关系

目的 探讨上皮细胞黏附分子（EPCAM）在胃癌组织中的表达及其与胃癌浸润转移及预后的关系,以及EPCAM作为胃癌早期诊断、预后判断和治疗靶点的临床价值。方法 应用免疫组织化学法检测436 例胃癌组织及92例癌旁非肿瘤胃黏膜组织中EPCAM 的表达情况,分析并探讨EPCAM 的表达与临床病理参数及预后的关系。结果 在92 例非肿瘤胃黏膜组织中,50例（54.3%）EPCAM 蛋白为阴性表达,42例（45.7%）呈弱阳性表达。在436 例胃癌组织中,EPCAM 蛋白高表达179 例（41.1%）,低表达257 例（58.9%）,主要在细胞包膜表达。EPCAM 蛋白的表达强度与肿瘤部位、肿瘤大小、Lauren 分型、浸润深度、淋巴结分期、TNM 分期、淋巴结转移和远处转移密切相关（均P＜0.01）,而与患者性别、分化程度、组织学类型无关（均P ＞0.05）。EPCAM 高表达患者的5 年生存率（57.2%）明显低于EPCAM 低表达胃癌患者的5 年生存率（17.3%,P＜0.05）。I、II 和III 期EPCAM高表达胃癌患者的5年生存率明显低于EPCAM 低表达患者的5年生存率（P＜0.05）;IV 期EPCAM 高表达和低表达胃癌患者的5年生存率无统计学差异。EPCAM 表达、远处转移和TNM 分期（均P＜0.05）是胃癌的独立预后因素。结论 EPCAM 在胃癌中高表达,且其表达与淋巴结转移、远处转移、肿瘤的TNM 分期显著相关,提示EPCAM 可以作为胃癌的早期诊断的筛查指标以及治疗的靶点之一。     

A REPRESENTATION FORMULA RELATED TO SCHR(O)DINGER OPERATORS

Schr(o)dinger operator is a central subject in the mathematical study of quantum mechanics.Consider the Schrodinger operator H = -△ V on R, where △ = d2/dx2 and the potential function V is real valued. In Fourier analysis, it is well-known that a square integrable function admits an expansion with exponentials as eigenfunctions of -△. A natural conjecture is that an L2 function admits a similar expansion in terms of "eigenfunctions" of H, a perturbation of the Laplacian (see [7], Ch. Ⅺ and the notes), under certain condition on V.     

Qualitative Analysis of Bifurcating Solutions in the Lengyel-Epstein Model

One of the most fundamental problems in theoretical biology is to explain the mechanisms by which patterns and forms are created in the＇living world. In his seminal paper ＂The Chemical Basis of Morphogenesis＂, Turing showed that a system of coupled reaction-diffusion equations can be used to describe patterns and forms in biological systems. However, the first experimental evidence to the Turing patterns was observed by De Kepper and her associates（1990） on the CIMA reaction in an open unstirred reactor, almost 40 years after Turing＇s prediction. Lengyel and Epstein characterized this famous experiment using a system of reaction-diffusion equations. The Lengyel-Epstein model is in the form as follows     

On a class of self-similar processes with stationary increments in higher order Wiener chaoses

We study a class of self-similar processes with stationary increments belonging to higher order Wiener chaoses which are similar to Hermite processes. We obtain an almost sure wavelet-like expansion of these processes. This allows us to compute the pointwise and local Hölder regularity of sample paths and to analyse their behaviour at infinity. We also provide some results on the Hausdorff dimension of the range and graphs of multidimensional anisotropic self-similar processes with stationary increments defined by multiple Wiener–Itô integrals.     

(0,1 ;0)-INTERPOLATION ON INFINITE INTERVAL (-∞, +∞)

In this paper, we study the explicit representation and convergence of (0, 1; 0)-interpolation on infinite interval, which means to determine a polynomial of degree ≤ 3n - 2 when the function values are prescribed at two set of points namely the zeros of Hn(x) and H′n(x) and the first derivatives at the zeros of H′n(x).     

On a class of Riemann surfaces

It is considered the class of Riemann surfaces with dimT1 = 0, where T1 is a subclass of exact harmonic forms which is one of the factors in the orthogonal decomposition of the spaceΩH of harmonic forms of the surface, namely The surfaces in the class OHD and the class of planar surfaces satisfy dimT1 = 0. A.Pfluger posed the question whether there might exist other surfaces outside those two classes. Here it is shown that in the case of finite genus g, we should look for a surface S with dimT1 = 0 among the surfaces of the form Sg\K , where Sg is a closed surface of genus g and K a compact set of positive harmonic measure with perfect components and very irregular boundary.     

CONTENTS OF VOLUME 30

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Instructions for contributions

正Applied Mathematics-A Journal of Chinese Universities,Series B(Appl.Math.J.Chinese Univ.,Ser.B)is a comprehensive applied mathematics journal jointly sponsored by Zhejiang University,China Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics,and Springer-Verlag.It is a quarterly journal with     

Journal of Mathematical Research with Applications Guide for Authors

正Journal overview:Journal of Mathematical Research with Applications(JMRA),formerly Journal of Mathematical Research and Exposition(JMRE)created in 1981,one of the transactions of China Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics,is a home for original research papers of the highest quality in all areas of mathematics with applications.The target audience comprises:pure and applied mathematicians,graduate students in broad fields of sciences and technology,scientists and engineers interested in mathematics.     

Staircase transportation problems with superadditive rewards and cumulative capacities

A cumulative-capacitated transportation problem is studied. The supply nodes and demand nodes are each chains. Shipments from a supply node to a demand node are possible only if the pair lies in a sublattice, or equivalently, in a staircase disjoint union of rectangles, of the product of the two chains. There are (lattice) superadditive upper bounds on the cumulative flows in all leading subrectangles of each rectangle. It is shown that there is a greatest cumulative flow formed by the natural generalization of the South-West Corner Rule that respects cumulative-flow capacities; it has maximum reward when the rewards are (lattice) superadditive; it is integer if the supplies, demands and capacities are integer; and it can be calculated myopically in linear time. The result is specialized to earlier work of Hoeffding (1940), Fréchet (1951), Lorentz (1953), Hoffman (1963) and Barnes and Hoffman (1985). Applications are given to extreme constrained bivariate distributions, optimal distribution with limited one-way product substitution and, generalizing results of Derman and Klein (1958), optimal sales with age-dependent rewards and capacities.To our friend, Philip Wolfe, with admiration and affection, on the occasion of his 65th birthday.Research was supported respectively by the IBM T.J. Watson and IBM Almaden Research Centers and is a minor revision of the IBM Research Report [6].