Slant Submanifolds of Almost Contact Metric 3-Structure Manifolds

In this paper we introduce the notion of slant submanifold of an almost contact metric 3-structure manifold. We give some examples and characterize these submanifolds. Moreover, Sasakian slant submanifolds of an almost contact 3-structure manifold are defined and studied. We also establish a sharp inequality including the squared mean curvature and Ricci curvature of a Sasakian slant submanifold.     

Geometric classification of warped products isometrically immersed into Sasakian space forms

The main objective of this paper is to study the warped product pointwise semi‐slant submanifolds which are isometrically immersed into Sasakian manifolds. First, we prove some characterizations results in terms of the shape operator, under which influence a pointwise semi‐slant submanifold of a Sasakian manifold can be reduced to a warped product submanifold. Then, we determine a geometric inequality for the second fundamental form regarding to intrinsic invariant and extrinsic invariant using the Gauss equation instead of the Codazzi equation. Evenmore, we give some applications of this inequality into Sasakian space forms, and we will investigate the status of equalities in the inequality. As a particular case, we provide numerous applications of the Green lemma, the Laplacian of warped functions and some partial differential equations. Some triviality results for connected, compact warped product pointwise semi‐slant submanifolds of Sasakian space form by means of Hamiltonian and the kinetic energy of warped function involving boundary conditions are established.     

Second variation and Legendrian stabilities of minimal Legendrian submanifolds in Sasakian manifolds

First, we derive a new second variation formula which holds for minimal Legendrian submanifolds in Sasakian manifolds. Using this, we prove that any minimal Legendrian submanifold in an η-Einstein Sasakian manifold with “nonpositive” η-Ricci constant is stable. Next we introduce the notion of the Legendrian stability of minimal Legendrian submanifolds in Sasakian manifolds. Using our second variation formula, we find a general criterion for the Legendrian stability of minimal Legendrian submanifolds in η-Einstein Sasakian manifolds with “positive” η-Ricci constant.     

Generic Submanifolds

Summary In this paper we give some examples of generic submanifolds of complex space forms and prove some theorems which give the characterizations of these examples. For this purpose we study the relations between a submanifold of a Kählerian manifold and a submanifold of a Sasakian manifold by using the method of Riemannian fibre bundles.     

On the Geometry of the 7-Sphere

A sphere of dimension 4n+3 admits three Sasakian structures and it is natural to ask if a submanifold can be an integral submanifold for more than one of the contact structures. In the 7-sphere it is possible to have curves which are Legendre curves for all three contact structures and there are 2 and 3-dimensional submanifolds which are integral submanifolds of two of the contact structures. One of the results here is that if a 3-dimensional submanifold is an integral submanifold of one of the Sasakian structures and invariant with respect to another, it is an integral submanifold of the remaining structure and is a principal circle bundle over a holmophic Legendre curve in complex projective 3-space.     

3—Sasakian流形的3—C—全实子流形

引入并研究了３－Ｓａｓａｋｉａｎ流形的３－Ｃ－全实子流形，借助了第二基本形式的长度，给出了单位球面Ｓ＾４ｍ＋３－Ｃ－全实子流形的一个Ｐｉｎｃｈｉｎｇ定理。     

Contact totally umbilical submanifolds of a sasakian space form

Summary We define a notion of contact totally umbilical submanifolds of Sasakian space forms corresponds to those of totally umbilical submanifolds of complex space forms. We study a contact totally umbilical submanifold M of a Sasakian space form (c ≠ −3) and prove that M is an invariant submanifold or an anti-invariant submanifold. Furthermore we study a submanifold M with parallel second fundamental form of a Sasakian space form (c ≠ 1) and prove that M is invariant or anti-invariant. Entrata in Redazione il 7 settembre 1976.     

近乎Sasakian流形的CR子流形

本文定义并讨论了近乎Ｓａｓａｋｉａｎ流形的ＣＲ子流形,得到了关开这类子流形的微分几何方面的一些有意义的结果。     

Generalized Cauchy-Riemann lightlike submanifolds of indefinite Sasakian manifolds

We study a class of submanifolds, called Generalized Cauchy-Riemann (GCR) lightlike submanifolds of indefinite Sasakian manifolds as an umbrella of invariant, screen real, contact CR lightlike subcases [8] and real hypersurfaces [9]. We prove existence and non-existence theorems and a characterization theorem on minimal GCR-lightlike submanifolds.     

Ideal <Emphasis Type="Italic">C</Emphasis>-totally real submanifolds in Sasakian space forms

Roughly speaking, an ideal immersion of a Riemannian manifold into a space form is an isometric immersion which produces the least possible amount of tension from the ambient space at each point of the submanifold. Recently, B.-Y. Chen classified Lagrangian immersions in complex space forms, which are ideal. In the present paper, we investigate ideal C-totally real submanifolds in a Sasakian space form. Mathematics Subject Classification (2000) 53C40, 53C25     

Sasakian子流形的谱几何

本文讨论了 Ｓａｓａｋｉａｎ子流形的谱几何,获得了复 Ｑｕａｄｒｉｃ上圆周丛以及全测地子流形的谱特征．     

A note on warped product submanifolds of Kenmotsu manifolds

Warped product manifolds are known to have applications in Physics. For instance, they provide an excellent setting to model space-time near a black hole or a massive star (cf. [HONG, S. T.: Warped products and black holes, Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. B 120 (2005), 1227–1234]). The studies on warped product manifolds with extrinsic geometric point of view are intensified after B. Y. Chen’s work on CR-warped product submanifolds of Kaehler manifolds. Later on, similar studies are carried out in the setting of Sasakian manifolds by Hasegawa and Mihai. As Kenmotsu manifolds are themselves warped product spaces, it is interesting to investigate warped product submanifolds of Kenmotsu manifolds. In the present note a larger class of warped product submanifolds than the class of contact CR-warped product submanifolds is considered. More precisely the existence of warped product submanifolds of a Kenmotsu manifold with one of the factors an invariant submanifold is ensured, an example of such submanifolds is provided and a characterization for a contact CR-submanifold to be a contact CR-warped product submanifold is established.     

Second variation for L-minimal Legendrian submanifolds in pseudo-Sasakian manifolds

In this paper we provide the second variation formula for L-minimal Lagrangian submanifolds in a pseudo-Sasakian manifold. We apply it to the case of Lorentzian–Sasakian manifolds and relate the L-stability of L-minimal Legendrian submanifolds in a Sasakian manifold M to their L-stability in an associated Lorentzian–Sasakian structure on M.     

An improved first Chen inequality for Legendrian submanifolds in Sasakian space forms

Legendrian submanifolds in Sasakian space forms play an important role in contact geometry. Defever et al. (Boll Unione Mat Ital B 7(11):365–374, 1997) established the first Chen inequality for C-totally real submanifolds in Sasakian space forms. In this article, we improve this first Chen inequality for Legendrian submanifolds in Sasakian space forms.     

Screen Pseudo-Slant Lightlike Submanifolds of Indefinite Sasakian Manifolds

In this paper, we introduce the notion of screen pseudo-slant lightlike submanifolds of indefinite Sasakian manifolds giving characterization theorem with some non-trivial examples of such submanifolds. Integrability conditions of distributions D ₁, D ₂ and RadTM on screen pseudo-slant lightlike submanifolds of indefinite Sasakian manifolds have been obtained. Further, we obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for foliations determined by above distributions to be totally geodesic. We also study mixed geodesic screen pseudo-slant lightlike submanifolds of indefinite Sasakian manifolds.     

Geometric and analytic problems for a real submanifold in C~n with CR singularities

In this survey article, we present some known results and also propose some open questions related to the analytic and geometric aspects of Bishop submanifolds in a complex space. We mainly focus on those problems that the author and his coauthors have recently worked on. The article also contains an example of a Bishop submanifold in C~3 of real codimension two, which cannot be quadratically flattened at a CR singular point but is CR non-minimal at any CR point. This provides a counter-example to a question asked in a private communication by Zaistev(2013).     

Geometric and analytic problems for a real submanifold in ℂ<Superscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">n</Emphasis></Superscript> with CR singularities

In this survey article, we present some known results and also propose some open questions related to the analytic and geometric aspects of Bishop submanifolds in a complex space. We mainly focus on those problems that the author and his coauthors have recently worked on. The article also contains an example of a Bishop submanifold in ?³ of real codimension two, which cannot be quadratically flattened at a CR singular point but is CR non-minimal at any CR point. This provides a counter-example to a question asked in a private communication by Zaistev (2013).     

Semi-Slant Submanifolds of a Sasakian Manifold

We define and study both bi-slant and semi-slant submanifolds of an almost contact metric manifold and, in particular, of a Sasakian manifold. We prove a characterization theorem for semi-slant submanifolds and we obtain integrability conditions for the distributions which are involved in the definition of such submanifolds. We also study an interesting particular class of semi-slant submanifolds.     

Almost Contact Lagrangian Submanifolds of Nearly Kaehler 6-Sphere

For a Lagrangian submanifold M of S ⁶ with nearly Kaehler structure, we provide conditions for a canonically induced almost contact metric structure on M by a unit vector field, to be Sasakian. Assuming M contact metric, we show that it is Sasakian if and only if the second fundamental form annihilates the Reeb vector field ξ, furthermore, if the Sasakian submanifold M is parallel along ξ, then it is the totally geodesic 3-sphere. We conclude with a condition that reduces the normal canonical almost contact metric structure on M to Sasakian or cosymplectic structure.