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为准确估计美国国防支援计划(DSP)预警卫星的性能参数,在对DSP卫星红外有效载荷技术分析的基础上,对其光学结构和参数进行分析和仿真,得到视场、弥散斑半径、能量集中度、传递函数等关键特性,可为DSP卫星和后续天基红外预警卫星(SBIRS)的探测性能开展有效仿真提供有效支撑。 相似文献
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对空间目标实际探测过程中,光电系统的探测能力不仅与其可探测信噪比有关,还与其所成图像的质量有关,即空间分辨能力有关。针对现有光电系统探测能力分析不足,提出了一种基于调制传递函数下的信噪比探测模型(MSNR),给出了基于MSNR下的系统极限探测能力综合评估方法,实现可定量分析大气、像差、目标运动等对系统探测能力的影响;利用实测数据完成对MSNR模型的完善,对不同条件下光电系统的极限探测能力进行了仿真,仿真结果表明:大气条件、系统像差、目标运动等条件对系统的探测能力影响明显,目标运动导致探测能力降低近1.0等星;该方法实现定量对光电系统的探测能力进行综合评估,可为系统优化设计与实际工作开展提供一定的科学依据。 相似文献
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低轨微小卫星及小碎片搜索/跟踪机动式大视场光电望远镜 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
有效反射面积小,运动速度快的空间低轨卫星和小碎片的日益增多对现有地基探测跟踪技术提出了挑战。本文分析了国外现有低轨小目标光电探测技术的发展现状,结合低轨小目标的探测需求,提出了一种用于低轨微小卫星及小碎片搜索/跟踪探测的机动式车载大视场光电望远镜设计方案。介绍了该望远镜的光学系统、跟踪架及载车,描述了它的工作模式和图像处理,讨论了系统的搜索和探测能力。结果表明,该望远镜对300 km轨道高度的目标搜索能力达到13.5星等(相当于直径5 cm目标),可以满足搜索和跟踪低轨微小卫星及小碎片探测的实际需求。 相似文献
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各国海军正加紧考虑装备光电跟踪和火控系统(EOEFCS)以增强目标探测和跟踪效能并获得态势感知能力。荷兰Thales公司开发的SIRUS远程双波段IRST系统采用了两台分别工作在3~5μm和8~12μm波段的可调节红外传感器。该公司的另一个产品是MIRADOR火控传感器,它已被孟加拉国、德国(装备K130型小型导弹护卫舰)、希腊(升级S型护卫舰和装备ROUSSEN级SUPER VITA巡逻艇)和荷兰(用于新型LCF护卫舰)等国订购。法国海军主要指望SAGEM公司提供的VAMPIR MB双波段FLIR系统。 相似文献
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由于临近空间高超声速飞行器具有速度快、高度低、机动能力强的优点,故以陆/海基雷达、高轨红外卫星为主建立的预警探测体系难以对其实施全程有效探测.因此,针对高超声速飞行器的技术特点,对低轨红外卫星的探测能力和全球覆盖性进行了研究.首先,基于类HTV-2升力体的气动外形,模拟了典型工况参数下飞行器的表面温度分布.然后,构建了低轨红外卫星探测模型.结合红外探测器典型性能参数,给出了不同轨道高度下探测器信噪比与观测视角和工作波段的关系,并得到了红外卫星在550 km和1600 km轨道高度下的有效探测半锥角.最后,给出了具有全球探测能力的低轨红外卫星星座的构型及主要参数. 相似文献
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通过对传统双波段目标模拟器的工作原理进行分析,针对其结构复杂以及生产成本较大的问题,提出一种只使用一套景象生成器和投影系统的双波段目标模拟器设计方案。利用分振幅的方法,通过滤光片和遮光片的遮挡滤光作用使2个波段的能量按特定的比例透过,在特定的积分时间下,探测器探测到2个波段的能量比不同,以此模拟不同红外目标。对设计方案中的投影系统进行光学设计,光学系统属于透射式,工作波段在3.3 m~3.8 m和4.4 m~4.8 m,F数为3.2,半视场角为1.1,系统分辨率达到10 lp/mm,对300 K~3 000 K的黑体、灰体或选择体均可实现红外目标的模拟,同时模拟器产生的辐射能量也大于探测器探测到的最小能量,设计方案可行。 相似文献
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基于前失速先兆检测机理的叶顶喷气扩稳实验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
拓宽轴流压气机稳定工作裕度及探索其流动失稳控制途径一直是内部流动研究的焦点。本文从前失速先兆检测机理入手,对前失速先兆与叶顶间隙泄漏流非定常性进行了关联性研究,发现了前失速先兆与叶顶间隙泄漏流非定常性有一定的关联性。在认识这类关联性的基础上,提出了基于前失速先兆捕捉的失稳控制途径,并结合DSP控制器构建扩稳控制方案,在低速轴流压气机上进行了实验验证。实验结果表明:采用叶顶喷气扩稳控制措施后,简化了原来复杂的控制机构,并为控制措施的实施预留了反馈控制时间,与原来的定常喷气控制措施相比有变工况自适应的优势。 相似文献
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The health status of the momentum wheel is vital for a satellite. Recently, research on anomaly detection for satellites has become more and more extensive. Previous research mostly required simulation models for key components. However, the physical models are difficult to construct, and the simulation data does not match the telemetry data in engineering applications. To overcome the above problem, this paper proposes a new anomaly detection framework based on real telemetry data. First, the time-domain and frequency-domain features of the preprocessed telemetry signal are calculated, and the effective features are selected through evaluation. Second, a new Huffman-multi-scale entropy (HMSE) system is proposed, which can effectively improve the discrimination between different data types. Third, this paper adopts a multi-class SVM model based on the directed acyclic graph (DAG) principle and proposes an improved adaptive particle swarm optimization (APSO) method to train the SVM model. The proposed method is applied to anomaly detection for satellite momentum wheel voltage telemetry data. The recognition accuracy and detection rate of the method proposed in this paper can reach 99.60% and 99.87%. Compared with other methods, the proposed method can effectively improve the recognition accuracy and detection rate, and it can also effectively reduce the false alarm rate and the missed alarm rate. 相似文献
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这篇文章主要介绍采用功率探测仪方式的注入式仿真系统对波束方向地面探测试验系统进行验证的系统设计和软、硬件控制与实现。通过向注入式仿真系统输入模拟目标星在不同位置发射的信号功率,以及目标星在平台坐标下的角度和位置信息,一方面确定地面探测试验系统技术方案的可行性和检测相关设备的性能,另一方面验证对目标星发射天线主波束方向的探测是否满足精度要求。通过仿真试验证明该注入式仿真系统不仅使用方便、节约成本,而且通过控制相关仪器设备能够准确记录地面探测试验系统对目标星仿真数据的计算信息,进而实现验证。 相似文献
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In surveillance and early warning systems, the enhancement of targets is a very important stage for the high reliability detection and tracking in Infrared images with complex backgrounds. In order to enhance small targets in an Infrared image and suppress the background clutter, consequently increasing the contrast between them, this paper proposes a method using a model for the target area with a three-layer patch-image model and based on the difference between the variance of the layers in the neighboring areas of the investigated pixel. Results of the experiments indicate that the proposed method is quite effective on the enhancement of small targets as well as suppression of the background clutter in IR images with a minimum false alarm rate. This is realized while the runtime of the proposed method is minimal compared to other commonly used methods, which makes it effective to be used in real time applications. 相似文献
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The earth background radiation is a kind of main background interference for satellite borne laser warning system in the space environment, and it is so necessary that the radiation characteristic be studied. In this paper, the mathematic model of the earth background radiation is established, the input parameters of 6S model are analyzed and set, and the simulation of earth background radiation is carried on aiming at the alarm wavelength 1.315 μm and the waveband 0.9-1.7 μm which is the responsive bandwidth of the detector. The results show that: with the increase of zenith angle, the irradiance from ground reflection increases, but the irradiances of atmospheric path radiation and surface-atmosphere interaction at the satellite level decrease; comparing with other two parts, the irradiance from ground reflection weighs most, and the corresponding percentages for 1.315 μm and 0.9-1.7 μm are 75.89% and 73.99%, respectively. The total irradiance at the satellite level from earth background radiation has exceeded the detection sensitivity of the system (about 1 mW/cm2), which may arouse the false alarm. So, the special technique of background suppression must be studied. 相似文献
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紫外线的应用、探测及其新发展 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
紫外辐射在电磁辐射波谱中的波长范围为400~10nm。随着波长的变化,紫外线具有各种不同的物理特性和效应。本文概述了各种紫外线效应及其应用,尤其指出了它在军事应用方面的新发展及其广阔前景,例如:紫外线制导,紫外线告警,紫外线通讯和干扰等。上述应用得到了广泛的重视和迅猛的发展。紫外技术的应用与探测技术有关。本文指出了紫外探测的三种方法:紫外荧光转换法,分光光度法和卫星遥感法。并着重指出了上述应用中需解决的有关探测技术方面的关键问题:紫外大气传输理论和散射模型及其仿真系统,新型高灵敏度低噪声紫外探测器,低噪声信息处理系统,高性能紫外光源和紫外光学系统。 相似文献
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针对车辆行驶中驾驶员视觉盲区或注意力不集中而造成的交通事故问题,提出采用智能视觉技术对车辆行驶过程中四周的异常物体进行视频监控,对动态视频场景中的运动目标进行检测、识别与实时测距,通过车辆智能视频监控系统最大程度的为驾驶员提供更多预警信息,预防交通事故的发生。本文介绍了车辆智能视觉监控系统的硬件设计方法与软件工作流程,并研究了运动目标检测算法与单目视觉测距算法,通过仿真实验,验证了本智能视觉车辆监控系统对于运动目标进行检测、识别与智能测距判断的实验结果。 相似文献
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Accurate and fast detection of infrared (IR) dim target has very important meaning for infrared precise guidance, early warning, video surveillance, etc. In this paper, two new algorithms – background estimate and frame difference fusion method, and building background with neighborhood mean method are presented. The basic principles and the implementing procedure of these algorithms for target detection are described. Using these algorithms, the experiments on some real-life IR images are performed. The whole algorithm implementing processes and results are analyzed, and those algorithms for detection targets are evaluated from the two aspects of subjective view and objective view. The results prove that the proposed method has satisfying detection effectiveness and robustness. Meanwhile, it has high detection efficiency and can be used for real-time detection. 相似文献