Preparation and characterization of (SBA-15)-La2O3 host-guest composite materials

Lanthanum oxide was successfully incorporated into an SBA-15 mesoporous molecular sieve via the microwave-assisted synthesis method (MASM) for the first time, and was compared with liquid-phase grafting and thermal diffusion methods. A series of characterizations were used to characterize the prepared materials. The results showed that the preparation of (SBA-15)-La₂O₃ host-guest composite materials by MASM has the advantages of simpler operation, higher efficiency and more plentiful lanthanum oxide could be incorporated into SBA-15 compared with other methods. In the prepared host-guest (SBA-15)-La₂O₃ materials, the frameworks of the host molecular sieve were kept intact, their structures were still kept high ordered and the guest lanthanum oxide locates inside the pores of the SBA-15. The sizes of the prepared (SBA-15)-La₂O₃ samples were 340-357 nm. The prepared host-guest composite materials show the properties of luminescence, and the luminescent intensities are about 2 times of bulk La₂O₃.     

Carbon deposition on a Ni/α-Al2O3 catalyst

The kinetics of carbon deposition over a Ni/α-Al₂O₃ commercial catalyst, has been studied using CH₄−H₂ gas mixtures in the range of 748–873 K. A Hougen-Watson type model gives good agreement with the experimental rates.     

不同助剂对CuO-ZnO/SBA-15催化CO_2加氢制甲醇性能影响的研究

以硅质骨架结构介孔分子筛SBA-15为载体,采用浸渍法合成CuO-ZnO/SBA-15(CZ/SBA-15)、CuO-ZnO-MnO_2/SBA-15(CZM/SBA-15)、CuO-ZnO-ZrO_2/SBA-15(CZZ/SBA-15)三组多孔催化剂,在固定床反应器上评价了各组催化剂催化CO_2加氢合成甲醇的性能,同时结合N_2吸附-脱附(BET)、X射线衍射(XRD)、H_2程序升温还原(H_2-TPR)、程序升温脱附(H_2-TPD、CO_2-TPD)、N_2O滴定、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)等表征研究了不同助剂对CO_2催化加氢制甲醇的影响。结果表明,催化剂中的金属氧化物改变了SBA-15分子筛载体的孔径大小和比表面积;催化剂CuO-ZnO-MnO_2/SBA-15、CuO-Zn O-ZrO_2/SBA-15中铜的分散度(D_(Cu))和比表面积(A_(Cu))更大,表面CuO粒径更小,更易被还原;相比Mn-O簇,Zr-O簇为增强了碱性位点,提高了甲醇选择性。此外,CuO-ZnO-ZrO_2/SBA-15具有更高的氧空位浓度,催化活性更好,其甲醇选择性为25.02%,与CuO-ZnO/SBA-15、CuO-ZnO-Mn O_2/SBA-15相比分别提高了28%和136.9%,催化效果最好。     

Nd,Ce和La改性对Ni/SBA-15催化剂在CH4/CO2重整反应中性能的影响

以稀土金属Nd,Ce或La的氧化物为助剂,采用β-环糊精浸渍法对Ni/SBA-15催化剂进行了改性,并运用X射线衍射、N₂吸附-脱附、程序升温还原和热重等手段考察了改性的催化剂在CO₂重整CH₄制合成气反应中的催化性能. 结果表明,Nd等稀土金属氧化物的添加对催化剂孔结构和晶相结构等性质影响不大,但可影响NiO的还原; Nd的添加使NiO与载体之间以Ni-Nd-O形式相互作用,促进了活性组分NiO的还原. 其中,Nd的添加量为5-10 wt%时所制备的催化剂在重整反应中的催化活性最高,且具有很强的抗积碳性能. La和Ce氧化物促进的Ni催化剂也表现出类似的性质和催化性能.     

TiO_2/SBA-15的快速合成法及其催化性能

本文针对传统方法合成TiO2/SBA-15的诸多不足,提出了一种简单而快速合成TiO2/SBA-15的方法。利用孔道内水解法快速合成了不同负载量的TiO2/SBA-15。利用XRD、N2-吸脱附、TEM和UV-Vis对样品的晶体结构、微观形貌、光学吸收特性进行了表征,并研究了不同TiO2负载量催化剂对罗丹明B(RhB)光降解活性的影响。结果表明:利用该方法合成的TiO2/SBA-15光催化活性优于传统浸渍方法合成的TiO2/SBA-15与工业上使用的TiO2纳米颗粒。     

CeO_2/Ni/Mo/SBA-15甲烷二氧化碳重整催化剂的表征和催化性能(英文)

考察了CeO2修饰及未修饰的Ni/Mo/SBA-15催化剂在CH4-CO2重整上的催化性能并采用N2吸脱附、CO2程序升温脱附、H2程序升温还原、傅里叶红外光谱、X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜和X射线光电子能谱对催化剂进行了表征.结果表明,在常压,800oC条件下,经过100h在线评价后,Ni/Mo/SBA-15和CeO2/Ni/Mo/SBA-15催化剂仍具有高的反应活性和规整的六方介孔结构,其中CeO2修饰的CeO2/Ni/Mo/SBA-15催化剂表面没有积炭形成,表明CeO2的加入促进了Ni物种在SBA-15介孔分子筛表面的分散,从而阻止了Ce/Ni/Mo/SBA-15催化剂上Ni的烧结和积炭.     

金复合介孔SBA-15吸附血红蛋白在H2O2电催化反应中的应用

以P123嵌段共聚物表面活性剂为模板剂制备介孔氧化硅SBA-15,并用沉积-沉淀(DP)法在SBA-15介孔表面负载纳米Au颗粒制备得到金复合介孔SBA-15材料(Au-SBA-15).再以Au-SBA-15材料制备玻碳修饰电极,将血红蛋白固定于修饰电极上用循环伏安法考察其对不同浓度H2O2溶液的电催化反应.在固定了血红蛋白的Hb/Au-SBA-15/GC修饰电极上,H2O2在+0.95 V处出现了氧化峰,且随着H2O2浓度的增大峰电流不断增加,说明金复合介孔氧化硅材料具有良好的生物兼容性,有利于血红蛋白的固定,其修饰电极对H2O2溶液具有一定的电催化作用.     

Methane steam reforming over rhodium promoted Ni/Al2O3 catalysts

The effect of Rh addition upon catalyst characteristics and performance in methane steam reforming was investigated using Rh-promoted Ni/Al₂O₃ catalysts. The number of reduced metal atoms exposed on the surface increased for the Rh-promoted catalysts. Rh-promoted catalysts showed an increase in CH₄ reforming activity; however, constant turnover frequencies for promoted and unpromoted catalysts suggest that the increase in the number of metal surface atoms caused the activity enhancement. Rh also facilitated reduction of Ni/Al₂O₃.     

CO2 reforming of methane over zirconia-supported nickel catalysts, II. Thermogravimetric analysis

Thermogravimetric analysis has been used to study carbon deposition during the CO₂ reforming of methane over Ni/ZrO₂ catalysts. The carbon deposits form on the reduced catalyst at a very fast rate during temperature-programmed surface reaction of reforming, and reach a steady state below 973 K. So, the amount of deposited carbon remains constant on the catalyst during the reaction at 973 K. A relationship between the amount of deposited carbon and the activity reveals that the initially formed carbon acts as a reaction intermediate and reacts with CO₂ to produce CO.     

Mg掺杂In2O3-x催化剂光热催化CO2加氢

为提高光热催化CO₂加氢催化剂In₂O₃的催化活性,采用均相水热法制备Mg(OH)₂-In(OH)₃前驱体,通过高温煅烧和H₂-还原处理得到了富含氧空位的Mg掺杂In₂O_3-x(Mg-In₂O_3-x)催化剂。在300℃、常压、可见光照射条件下,CO₂加氢转化为CO的CO₂转化率可达31.20%,CO产生速率为14.22 mmol·gcat^-1·h^-1,CO选择性为100%。相比于单一In₂O_3-x催化剂,Mg-In₂O_3-x催化剂光热催化CO₂转化率及CO产生速率明显提高,这归因于Mg成功掺杂到In₂O₃形晶格中,促进In₂O₃表面氧空位的形成,进而对可见光响应效率大幅提高,并有效减缓光生电子-空穴的复合。     

Mg掺杂In2O3-x催化剂光热催化CO2加氢

为提高光热催化CO₂加氢In₂O₃催化剂的催化活性,采用均相水热法制备Mg (OH)₂-In (OH)₃前驱体,通过高温煅烧和H₂-还原处理得到了富含氧空位的Mg掺杂In₂O_3-x(Mg-In₂O_3-x)催化剂。在300℃、常压、可见光照射条件下,CO₂加氢转化为CO的CO₂转化率可达31.20%,CO产生速率为14.22 mmol·g_cat^-1·h^-1,CO选择性为100%。相比于单一In₂O_3-x催化剂,Mg-In₂O_3-x催化剂光热催化CO₂转化率及CO产生速率明显提高,这归因于Mg成功掺杂到In₂O₃晶格中,促进In₂O₃表面氧空位的形成,进而对可见光响应效率大幅提高,并有效减缓光生电子-空穴的复合。     

Effect of ceria loading on the carbon formation during low temperature methane steam reforming over a Ni/CeO2/ZrO2 catalyst

The characterization and catalytic activity of a Ni/CeO₂/ZrO₂ catalyst for methane steam reforming at 600°C were investigated. The addition of ceria increased the surface area and basicity of the catalysts. The redox reaction capability of the ceria increased the hydrogen yield and carbon monoxide selectivity, and inhibited carbon formation.     

氨基功能化SBA-15的直接合成及其对CO_2的吸附性能研究

通过直接法合成了氨基功能化SBA-15介孔材料。使用X-射线粉末衍射法(XRD),N2吸-脱附,透射电子显微(TEM)等技术对氨基功能化材料进行了表征。实验结果表明:当反应原料中nAPTES/(nAPTES+nTEOS)≤0.20时,APTES功能化的材料都具有典型的介孔SBA-15结构;但当nAPTES/(nAPTES+nTEOS)≥0.225时,由于氨基对SBA-15结构的副作用导致SBA-15介孔结构坍塌。在氟离子辅助合成下可以获得高含量氨基(反应原料中nAPTES/(nAPTES+nTEOS)的比值为0.25)功能化的SBA-15材料,且此材料中的介孔孔径和BET比表面积都较大。CO2吸附结果表明,随着反应原料中APTES含量提高,所合成的材料对CO2的吸附量相应增加,同时在101kPa和25℃下,通过氟离子辅助合成的材料对CO2的吸附量远远优于无氟离子辅助合成材料的。本研究还对后嫁接法和直接合成法获得氨基功能化SBA-15介孔材料的优缺点进行了讨论。     

磺酸基功能化的有序SBA-15-SO3H介孔分子筛的合成及其在苯酚叔丁基化反应中的应用

通过一步法合成了SBA-15-SO3H介孔分子筛,用XRD,TEM,低温N2吸附和吡啶吸附红外光谱等方法进行了表征,并研究了其在苯酚叔丁基化反应中的催化性能.结果表明,SBA-15-SO3H保持了母体SBA-15高度有序的六方介孔结构,具有较强的酸性和热稳定性,且在苯酚叔丁基化反应中表现较好的催化活性和2,4-二叔丁基苯酚选择性.     

Fe2O3/Al2O3二元气凝胶合成高质量单壁纳米碳管

通过溶胶和超临界干燥方法制得了Fe₂O₃/Al₂O₃二元气凝胶，其比表面积和孔隙体积分别为246 m²·g^-1和1.89 cm³·g^-1，并具有较宽的孔径分布。以Fe₂O₃/Al₂O₃二元气凝胶作催化剂，通过甲烷催化裂解成功地合成了高质量的单壁纳米碳管。利用FESEM、TEM和HRTEM、Raman光谱等分析手段研究了反应温度对单壁纳米碳管生长的影响。结果表明在900 ℃时合成单壁纳米碳管的质量较高，并且合成的炭产物为毡状，该炭产物主要为高质量的单壁纳米碳管。     

WO_3-TiO_2/SBA-15的制备及其光催化氧化脱硫性能

采用孔道内水解法制备了WO_3-TiO_2/SBA-15催化剂用于光催化氧化柴油脱硫,利用XRD、SEM、EDS、N2吸附-脱附、FT-IR、TG-DTA和UV-vis等技术对该催化剂进行了表征,考察了WO_3和TiO_2负载量、焙烧温度和焙烧时间对其光催化氧化脱硫性能的影响。结果表明,WO3和Ti O2负载量分别为1.6%和15%,焙烧温度500℃,焙烧时间为3 h条件所制备的催化剂性能最佳;在该条件下制备的WO_3-TiO_2/SBA-15催化剂仍保持SBA-15的六方介孔结构,模拟柴油的脱硫率高达87.9%,且具有良好的回收再生性能。     

Rh doping effect on coking resistance of Ni/SBA-15 catalysts in dry reforming of methane

A series of SBA-15 supported bimetallic Rh–Ni catalysts with different weight ratio of Rh/Ni in the range of 0–0.04 were prepared for carbon dioxide reforming of methane. The doping effect of Rh on catalytic activity as well as carbon accumulation and removal over the catalysts was studied. The characterization results indicated that the addition of a small amount of Rh promoted the reducibility of Ni particles and decreased the Ni particle size. During the dry reforming reaction, the carbon deposition was originated from CH4 decomposition and CO disproportionation. The Rh–Ni catalyst with small metallic particle size inhibited the carbon formation and exhibited high efficiency in the removal of coke. In comparison with bare Ni-based catalyst, the Rh–Ni bimetallic catalysts showed high activity and stability in the dry reforming of methane.     

Preparation, Characterization and Catalytic Performance of La-SO4/SBA-15 in Esterification of Acetic Acid with n-Butanol

La-SO42-/SBA-15 was synthesized with various amounts of lanthanum via incipient-wetness impregnation. Characterization was done by X-ray diffraction（XRD）, transmission electron micrographs（TEM）, nitrogen adsorption, FTIR spectroscopic analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, and the total amount of acidity of catalyst was estimated by TPD of NH3. The results indicate that lanthanum has been incorporated into SBA-15 molecular sieve. The prepared materials（La-SO42-/SBA-15） keep the highly ordered mesoporous two-dimensional hexagonal structure and do not change the mesoporous channel structure of the support SBA-15. The catalyst showed best catalytic activity in the synthesis of n-butyl acetate. The optimum conditions of the esterification by orthogonal experiments were studied： the molar ratio of n-butanol to acetic acid 1：1.2, the amount of catalyst 7.5%, reaction time 80 min. The yield of n-butyl acetate could reach 93.2% under the optimum conditions. The catalyst was recyclable, cost effective and environmental friendly.     

H5PMo10V2O40/SBA-15催化剂的制备及其催化性能

以Keggin型杂多酸H5PMo10V2O40为主体,SBA-15介孔分子筛为载体,利用溶胶-凝胶法制备了不同负载量的H5PM10V2O40/SBA-15负载型催化剂,通过XRD、FTIR、TEM、H2-TPR和N2吸脱附法对样品进行了分析和表征,并将制得的负载型催化剂应用于苯氧化苯酚的反应中,研究了不同条件(温度、时间和催化剂用量等)下的催化性能.研究结果表明:H5PMo10V2O40杂多酸能均匀地分散于SBA-15孔道中且SBA-15的六方介孔结构并未发生改变:较好地解决了活性组分大量溶脱的问题;与H5PMo10V2O40杂多酸相比,H5PMo10V2O40/SBA-15催化剂在苯氧化为苯酚的反应中具有更高的转化率和更好的选择性,当反应温度为70℃,催化剂的使用量为0.25 g,反应时间为2 h和H5PMo10V2O40负载量为60%时苯酚的选择性达到了82.53%.     

CO2 reforming of methane over zirconia-supported nickel catalysts, I. Catalytic specificity

CO₂ reforming of methane is performed over zirconia-supported nickel catalysts. The catalysts show high activity toward CH₄ and CO₂ conversions. Over the high Ni loading catalyst, long-term performances without significant deactivations have been achieved at 1023 K for 30 h and 1123 K for 20 h, respectively. The effects of reduction and calcination temperatures on the catalytic activities are also examined.