随机激励下一类含分数阶阻尼的轮胎的振动响应

基于随机平均法研究了Kanai-Tajimi噪声激励下含分数阶阻尼的轮胎动力学系统的响应.首先将地震波近似为Kanai-Tajimi噪声,结合点接触模型和分数阶导数模型,建立轮胎的动力学方程,然后运用随机平均法求解振动位移的稳态概率密度函数的解析解,最后通过Monte-Carlo数值模拟验证了该方法的有效性.利用振动位移的概率密度求解聚丁二烯橡胶、丁基B252橡胶轮胎振动位移的均值与方差,并以此为依据考察这两类橡胶的减振性能.研究结果表明,轮胎振动位移的均值和方差随橡胶的储能模量的增大而增大,随耗散模量的增大而减小,这说明减小橡胶的储能模量或增大耗散模量可有效改善轮胎的减振性能.所得结果可为轮胎的设计与制造提供一定的理论基础.     

基于探索性分析的炮兵武器系统野战运动速度需求研究

依据现代炮兵射击方式对炮兵武器系统机动性的特殊要求,以探索性分析方法为工具,论证保证自身生存之条件下的野战运动速度数量需求.主要结论是:当执行1次射击任务后被敌发现的概率介于0.4和0.65 之间时,炮兵武器系统处于生存的关键期;小于0.4时,野战运动速度的最大需求为9.2km/h;大于0.65时,野战运动速度的最小需求为89km/h,目前牵引火炮、自行火炮和指挥车辆等均不满足这一要求.     

人工神经网络在评定射击效率中的应用研究

将BP、RB、GRNN等人工神经网络引入火炮射击效率评定的计算中.通过实例运算,分析了各种神经网络在实际应用中各自的特点和需注意的问题,得到了有益的结论.     

基于改进Chebyshev级数的层合结构-振动分析新理论

提出了一种基于改进Chebyshev级数的层合结构高阶分层建模理论.该理论位移场由线性位移场和高阶位移场组成，线性位移场控制位移场的总体分布趋势，高阶位移场进行局部修正.高阶位移场由具有统一表达式的改进Chebyshev级数表示，通过改变高阶截断阶数可实现高阶位移场快速配置，能够满足不同建模精度需求.采用该高阶分层理论和广义谱方法推导了层合结构的自由振动特征方程，研究了一般边界条件下层合梁、板、壳的自由振动特性，并将计算结果与其他文献数据对比.结果表明:基于改进Chebyshev级数的层合结构高阶分层理论具有较高的建模精度和计算效率.     

光镊系统中微小颗粒的位移和所受力的测量

利用高稳定度的并配备了高精度位移和力测量装置的光镊系统，实现了对微米颗粒的纳米量级的位移和所受皮牛顿量级的力的定量测量.     

汽车电磁悬架系统的Noether对称性及其应用

研究了含有电磁悬架汽车振动系统的Noether对称性,给出了系统的守恒量,并通过守恒量求得系统的对称性解.以能量形式,建立汽车不同振动形式下的Lagrange(拉格朗日)方程.选取位移坐标为广义坐标,研究了各种振动形式下系统的Noether对称性,并给出相应的Noether恒等式、Killing方程和广义Noether定理.研究系统守恒量,运用存在的守恒量,给出一种新的求解汽车振动系统响应的方法;并应用到具体的车体振动系统计算中,给出了系统在转弯、制动或加速等情况下的位移响应和速度响应曲线.     

基本解方法求解简谐外力作用下的Kirchhoff-Love板反源问题

主要考察弹性薄板在规则外力作用下的振动模型.在给定外力源项随时间变化模式的情况下,通过对薄板局部区域一段时间的振动位移观测数据,来反演外力大小的问题,也就是通常所谓的弹性薄板反源问题.给出了弹性薄板反源解的唯一性定理,并推导出板方程的基本解.取基本解方法和Tikhonov正则化方法的精髓,在简谐模式源项作用的情况下,构造了一套算法来反解源项.对Euler-Bernoulli杆和Kirchhoff-Love板的数值算例表明,无论源项是否光滑,测量是否带有误差,基本解方法都因其较好的计算效果,有着广泛的适用性.     

三维横向流体诱发直管振动的数值模拟

基于有限体积法和有限元法,结合动网格控制技术,建立了横向流体作用下三维弹性直管流致振动计算的数值模型,实现了计算结构动力学与计算流体力学之间的联合仿真．首先,通过对刚性管的静止绕流计算,研究了网格离散方式和不同湍流模型对圆柱类结构静止绕流流场特征的影响和预测能力,得到了适用于双向耦合分析的CFD模型;其次,利用基于双向流固耦合方法的流致振动模型,计算并分析了流体力与结构位移间的相位关系,指出流体力与位移间的相位差是由流体力引起的,同时对双向耦合和单向耦合进行了比较分析;最后通过对直管流致振动的数值计算,联合管表面压力、尾流区时均速度、分离角等时均量,分析了尾流区的流场特征.     

电力系统中非同期合闸情形下跳闸过电压模型的讨论

本文给出了电力系统中非同期合闸情形下运行过程中跳闸的过电压模型，利用泛函微分方程振动性理论，得到了该类模型解的振动性与稳定性结论；同时，将控制变量引入到模型，得到了使得系统稳定的变结构控制策略     

Sachs法的应用及推广

本文提出测量平面应力状态厚壁圆筒残余应力时Sachs公式的简化,特别提出了测量和计算具有轴向残余应力有限长厚壁圆筒残余应力的方法.这些结果可用于研究火炮自紧身管内的残余应力.     

Super-computer simulation of a multichambered muffler

The problem of attenuating muzzle blast noise produced by firing a gun weapon is studied. A multichambered muffler is attached to a M242 25mm cannon. For this weapons configuration, the transitional ballistics problem is solved numerically using the CRAY XMP computer. The second-order accurate total variation diminishing (TVD) shock capturing scheme of Harten is used to solve the Euler equations of compressible flow. The simulation yields a detailed picture of the flow field, as displayed by pressure and Mach contours. Pressure time histories at selected field locations are recorded for future comparison with experiment. Energy efflux time history, from which predictions of noise attenuation can be made, is also recorded. Noise reduction levels so obtained are seen to compare well with experimental data. From this evidence it appears that the simulation method can become an effective aid in muffler design.     

用于枪炮射表整体解析逼近的一列基函数

本文提出用于枪炮射表整体解析逼近的一列基函数.在一个具体型号的火炮的射表上作出的数值试验表明效果良好.这列基函数对于其它型号枪炮射表的逼近应该同样有参考价值.为得出这列基函数而提出的开拓与不变性的分析方法,在数学模型工作中对于其它许多表函数的整体解析逼近应该同样有参考价值.     

A mathematical model for horizontal axis wind turbine blades

A mathematical model describing the nonlinear vibration of horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) blades is proposed in this paper. The system consists of a rotating blade and four components of deformation including longitudinal vibration (named axial extension), out-of-plane bend (named flap), in-plane/edgewise bend (named lead/lag) and torsion (named feather). It is assumed that the center of mass, shear center and aerodynamic center of a cross section all lie on the chord line, and do not coincide with each other. The structural damping of the blade, which is brought about by materials and fillers is taken into account based on the Kelvin–Voigt theory of composite materials approximately. The equivalent viscosity factor can be determined from empirical data, theoretical computation and experimental test. Gravitational loading and aerodynamic loading are considered as distributed forces and moments acting on blade sections. A set of partial differential equations governing the coupled, nonlinear vibration is established by applying the generalized Hamiltonian principle, and the current model is verified by previous models. The solution of equations is discussed, and examples concerning the static deformation, aeroelastic stability and dynamics of the blade are given.     

Transient finite element for in-bore analysis of 9 mm pistols

The in-bore process that occurs when a pistol is fired involves multiple physical models. This process is brief and typically measured in microseconds. Furthermore, propellants produce high temperatures and pressure gases during the burning process. These factors have made experimentation and simulation of the in-bore behavior of bullets difficult. This study uses a nonlinear transient finite element method (FEM) to simulate the in-bore behavior of a 9 mm bullet after being fired, where the chamber pressure is calculated by Vallier–Heydenreich formula and is used as the input loading. A gunshot experiment is conducted to verify the accuracy of computational results. The maximum difference between the numerical results and real experimental data is only 2.56% (including muzzle velocity and width and depth of engraved bullet vestiges), indicating that the simulation is credible.The discussed simulation is capable of obtaining the plastic deformation and kinematic status of the bullet and the stress history and distribution of the gun barrel. The numerical results can provide complete data of the entire in-bore process, improve the drawbacks during real in-bore ballistic research experiments, and assist engineers in designing and developing other novel systems. The simulation can save considerable time when designing small arms barrels.     

Unwanted noise and vibration control using finite element analysis and artificial intelligence

A mechatronic approach integrating both passive and active controllers is presented in this study to deal with unwanted noise and vibration produced in an automobile wiper system operation. Wiper system is a flexible structure with high order, nonlinear model that is considered as a multi objective control problem since there is a conflict between its functionality quality in wiping and generated unwanted noise and vibration. A passive control technique using multi body system (MBS) model and finite element analysis (FEA) is introduced to identify the potential of the effectiveness of the physical parameters of wiper blade to give appropriate range to reduce the unwanted noise and vibration in the system. While, the significant contribution of active controller is to deal with uncertainties exerted to system within wiper operation. In passive control stage, natural frequencies of a uni-blade automobile wiper are determined using modal testing. Later, a 3-dimensional model of a wiper blade assembly is developed in multi body system design to investigate the good validation test and agreement of the physical behavior of the system in experiment with finite element analysis. Parametric modification via complex eigenvalue is adopted to predict instability of the wiper blade. In active control level, experimental data collected from the wiper system during its operation. A system identification model named nonlinear auto regressive exogenous Elman neural network (NARXENN) is developed for implying the active controller. A bi-level adaptive-fuzzy controller is brought in whose parameters are tuned simultaneously by a multi objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) to deal with the conflict interests in wiper control problem.     

The influence of noise on synchronous dynamics in a diluted neural network

We study the influence of noise on the dynamics of a simple model of excitatory leaky integrate – and – fire neurons in a diluted network. The stochastic process amounts to a random walk with boundaries acting on the external current, whose average value plays the role of a control parameter identifying different dynamical phases. Above a given threshold value one observes a gaussian statistics of synchronous firing events, that changes to an asymmetric long-tail distribution below threshold. For uncorrelated noise the distribution below threshold exhibits an exponential tail for large rare events, while for strongly correlated noise the long-tail turns to a power-law. This interesting dynamical scenario is shown to persist also when short-term plasticity is introduced in the model. Synchronous firing events change to population bursts and the model with plasticity is shown to reproduce quantitatively what observed in in vitro experiments. We also discuss the persistence of this scenario in the thermodynamic limit.     

弹性振动的闭环系统

细长体的飞行器在飞行中考虑了既有刚性运动又有弹性振动的运动,由于刚性运动对弹性振动的影响,通过安装在飞行器上面的仪表所测得的角速度作为反馈信号输入到控制器,由控制器输出端输出信号到执行机构来实现反馈控制,把刚性运动飞行器、弹性振动飞行器同时考虑作受控对象,这里我们研究了由刚性飞行器、弹性飞行器和控制器三者形成的闭环系统的弹性振动问题,得到了求闭环系统的频率和振型的公式,设计控制器使得闭环系统渐近稳定的条件和能控性、能观测性的条件。     

Two-noisy-versus-one-silent duel with equal accuracy functions

This paper deals with the two-noisy-versus-one-silent duel which is still open, as pointed out by Styszyński (Ref. 1). Player I has a noisy gun with two bullets, and player II has a silent gun with one bullet. Each player fires his bullets aiming at his opponent at any time in [0, 1]. The accuracy function (the probability that one player hits his opponent if he fires at timet) isp(t)=t for each player. If player I hits player II, without being hit himself before, the payoff of the duel is +1; if player I is hit by player II, without hitting player II before, the payoff is taken to be ?1. In this paper, we determine the optimal strategies and the value of the game. The strategy for player II depends explicitly on the firing moment of player I's first shot.     

Bi-nonlinear vibration model of tubing string in oil & gas well and its experimental verification

Fluid-induced vibration (FIV) prediction is an important prerequisite work in wear and fatigue analysis of tubing string in oil & gas well. The finite element method, energy method and Hamiltonian principle are comprehensively used to establish a single nonlinear vibration model of pipe conveying fluid, taking into account the longitudinal/lateral coupled vibration. Based on the contact/impact theory of elastic/plastic body, the nonlinear contact-impact model of tubing-casing is established and introduced into the single nonlinear vibration model to form a bi-nonlinear vibration model of tubing string in oil & gas well. The bi-nonlinear model is numerically discretized by the finite element method, solved by Newmark− β method, and verified preliminarily by a classical contact/impact example in literature in which the influence of inflow is not taken into account temporarily. A similar experiment of tubing vibration is designed and completed to further test the validity of the bi-nonlinear vibration model by comparing the frequency-domain and time-domain responses of the experiment with those from the model. The analysis shows that the bi-nonlinear model has good calculation accuracy and the vibration response law is basically consistent with the experimental results, which can provide an effective theoretical analysis tool for FIV behavior of tubing string in oil & gas well.