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季铵盐阳离子型双子表面活性剂的合成及其表面活性 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
以二甲基长链烷基叔胺和1,5-二溴戊烷为起始原料合成了系列不同疏水烷基长度的阳离子型双子表面活性剂m-5-m(m=8, 12, 16).对其表面活性进行了初步研究,结果表明:所合成的系列产物都具有较好的表面活性,其中16-5-16具有最低的临界胶束浓度(CMC 0.289 mmol·L-1);随着疏水烷基链的增长,表面活性剂的CMC显著降低.对应的表面张力(γCMC)则随m的增加先降低,后增高,当疏水链为12个碳时为最低值;8-5-8的表面活性最差. 相似文献
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新型含氟系列阳离子表面活性剂的合成 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以六氟丙烯二聚体和N,N-二甲基丙二胺为原料,合成N,N-二甲基-N’-(2-三氟甲基-1-五氟乙基)全氟丙烯基丙二胺(I),通过正交实验确定了I的最佳工艺条件为:反应温度为35℃,反应时间为为8h,六氟丙烯二聚体与N,N-二甲基丙二胺的摩尔比为1:1.0,并通过IR、NMR光谱分析方法对I的结构进行确定;然后利用I分别与溴乙烷、溴代正丙烷、溴代正丁烷、溴代正己烷、溴代正辛烷和溴代正十二烷等烷基化试剂反应合成了一系列季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂,并对其结构进行了表征;结果表明,所得阳离子型含氟表面活性剂具有极低的表面张力:17.8、22.9、23.8、21.5、25.和28.1mN/m;临界胶束浓度:2.03、1.98、1.93、1.83、1.74和1.58mmol/L;且其Kraff点均低于0℃,显示了优良的水溶稳定性能。 相似文献
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一种季铵盐双子表面活性剂的微波合成及性能研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以四甲基丙二胺和溴代十二烷为原料,以异丙醇为溶剂,用微波辐射的方法反应合成一种季铵盐双子表面活性剂:二溴化-N,N′-二(二甲基十二烷基)丙二铵.研究了合成反应的最佳工艺条件:四甲基丙二胺与溴代十二烷的摩尔比为1.0∶ 2.2,反应时间为15分钟,反应温度为85℃,微波功率300W时,产率为70.55%.测定了不同浓度表面活性剂水溶液的表面张力,对产品的杀菌性能进行评价.结果表明:合成产品的临界胶束浓度为1.00mmol/L,杀菌率达100%时的药剂用量为40mg/L. 相似文献
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疏水缔合聚丙烯酰胺与阳离子双子表面活性剂的相互作用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过表面张力法和电导率法分别考察了阳离子双子表面活性剂(12-2-12)与非离子疏水缔合聚丙烯酰胺(HMPAM)和普通聚丙烯酰胺(PAM),传统表面活性剂十二烷基三甲基溴化铵(DTAB)与HMPAM和PAM之间的相互作用。结果表明,12-2-12 HMPAM复合体系与12-2-12水溶液体系相比,在w(聚合物含量)CMC时,复合体系的电导率(κ)具有下降的趋势,且κ随着w的增大下降的趋势越明显,说明12-2-12与HMPAM之间存在相互作用。 相似文献
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合成了一系列不同聚合度的聚壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚型非离子表面活性剂, 通过红外光谱和核磁共振等手段对其结构进行表征, 用表面张力法对合成产物的表面性能进行研究. 结果表明, 随着表面活性剂分子中亲水基团环氧乙烷(EO)片段的增加, 单体、 二聚体和三聚体的临界胶束浓度(cmc)值都逐渐增大, 当EO数目相同时, 单体、 二聚体和三聚体的cmc值依次明显降低. 二聚体与三聚体都显示出很好的表面性质, 其中三聚体的表面性质比二聚体表面性能更优. 在空气/水表面二聚体和三聚体比单体的排列更加紧密, 表现出更好的吸附和分散性能. 相似文献
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双子表面活性剂溶液的表面活性的研究 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
研究了阳离子型双子表面活性剂,二溴化-N,N'-二(二甲基烷基)乙(已)二铵,以及它们与阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)复配体系的表面活性,测定上述体系的平衡态表面张力。结果表明:双子表面活性剂的表面活性大大高于十二烷基三甲溴化铵(DTAB);对于两种双子表面活性剂,其表面活性和表面张力时间效应受其联接基团的影响远大于其烷基链的影响。双子表面活性剂与SDAB复配,其协同效应不如DTAB。动表面张力测定得到它们的各种参:t~i,t~m,γ~m,t*和n等值,结果表面双子表面活性剂的瞬时活性也高于DTAB。 相似文献
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F. I. El-Dib F. M. Ghiuba M. Y. El Awady 《Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology》2013,34(8):1200-1205
The synthesis of surfactants derivatives of new two series of cationic gemini surfactants containing ethane or benzene as a spacer are described. The prepared compounds were analyzed using standard tools of analysis, elemental analysis, FTIR measurements, and H1 NMR spectra. The influence of dimerization and of the spacer group were examined in order to establish structure-property relationships. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of each series has been determined using equilibrium surface tension measurements. Furthermore, air/water interface parameter including effectiveness (Πcmc), efficiency (P20), maximum surface excess (τmax), and minimum surface area (Amin) have been also derived using Gibbs adsorption equation at 25°C. Standard free energies of micelleization were calculated and biological activities were examined. The results revealed that the dimeric surfactants have a good effect on the biological activities. 相似文献
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Ling Guang QIU * An Jian XIE Yu Hua SHEN* School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering Anhui University Hefei Institute of Solid State Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei 《中国化学快报》2003,14(6):653-656
Gemini surfactants, which contain two hydrophilic groups and two hydrophobic groups in the molecule, are considered as a new generation of surfactants. These surfactants are about 3 orders of magnitude more efficient at reducing surface tension and more than 2 orders of magnitude more efficient at forming micelles than conventional surfactants1. During recent years, many gemini surfactants have been synthesized, and a considerable number of investigations have been reported on their unusua… 相似文献
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壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚型Gemini季铵盐表面活性剂的合成 及其表面性质的研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
合成了系列壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚型Gemini季铵盐表面活性剂(GNPQA), 用核磁、红外和元素分析对它们的结构进行了表征, 考察了反应条件对转化率的影响, 并用表面张力法和稳态荧光探针法对GNPQA的表面性能及胶束聚集数(N)进行了研究. 结果表明, 较优的反应条件: 反应时间为12 h, 反应温度为70 ℃, 反应原料摩尔比为n(双聚壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚)∶n(三乙胺)∶n(环氧氯丙烷)=1∶1∶1; GNPQA的临界胶束浓度(CMC)值较相应的单体壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚型季铵盐表面活性剂(NPQA)降低了1~2个数量级, 显示了较高的表面活性; 当GNPQA溶液浓度为5~9倍CMC时, N值随浓度增大而线性增大; 随着氧乙烯(EO)单元数的增长, GNPQA的CMC和N值均逐渐减小; 结合GNPQA的表面性能参数和N值的变化规律, 探讨了这类表面活性剂表面及胶束聚集体的结构形态. 相似文献
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A series of novel cationic gemini surfactants, p-[C n H2n+1N+(CH3)2CH2CH(OH)CH2O]2C6H4·2Cl? [A(n = 12), B(n = 14) and C(n = 16)], containing a spacer group with two flexible and hydrophilic groups (2-hydroxy-1,3-propylene) on both sides of a rigid and hydrophobic group (1,4-dioxyphenylene) has been synthesized by the reaction of hydroquinone diglycidyl ether with N,N-dimethylalkylamine and N,N-dimethylalkylamine hydrochloride. Their surface-active properties have been investigated by surface tension measurement. The critical micelle concentration (cmc) values of the synthesized cationic gemini surfactants are one order of magnitude lower than those of their corresponding monomeric surfactants (C n H2n + 1N+(CH3)3·Cl?). Both the cmc and surface tension at the cmc (γcmc) of A are lower than those of p-[C12H25N+(CH3)2CH2]2C6H4·2Cl? (D). The novel cationic gemini surfactants A and B also show good foaming properties. 相似文献
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Charanjeet Kaur Mangat 《Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology》2014,35(11):1528-1536
New pyridinium gemini surfactants have been synthesized by esterification of renewable fatty acids with mercaptoethanol furnishing respective esters (mercaptomethyl decanoate, mercaptomethyl dodecanoate, mercaptomethyl tetradecanoate, mercaptomethyl hexadecanoate) followed by their subsequent treatment with 4-dimethyl amino pyridine resulting in the formation of title gemini surfactants: 1-(5-(decanoyloxy)-2-hydroxypentyl)-4-((5-(decanoyloxy)-2-hydroxypentyl)dimethyl ammonio)pyridin-1-ium chloride (9), 1-(5-(dodecanoyloxy)-2-hydroxypentyl)-4-((5-(dodecanoyloxy)-2-hydroxypentyl)dimethyl ammonio)pyridin-1-ium chloride (10), 1-(5-(tetradecanoyloxy)-2-hydroxypentyl)-4-((5-(tetradecanoyloxy)-2-hydroxypentyl)dimethyl ammonio)pyridin-1-ium chloride (11), and 1-(5-(hexadecanoyloxy)-2-hydroxypentyl)-4-((5-(hexadecanoyloxy)-2-hydroxypentyl)dimethyl ammonio)pyridin-1-ium chloride (12). Their identifications are based on infrared, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, distortionless enhanced polarization transfer, co-relational spectroscopy (COSY), and mass spectral studies. Their surface active properties are also evaluated on the basis of surface tension and conductivity measurements. Thermal stability of these long chain cationic gemini surfactants have been measured by thermal gravimetric analysis under nitrogen atmosphere. 相似文献
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DENGQi-gang YUHong-wei LINHong JIALi-hua GUOXiang-feng ZHOUDe-rui 《高等学校化学研究》2005,21(3):337-339
Four gemini cationic surfactants {N,N‘-di[2-(lauryldimethylamino)acetyl]polymethylenediamine dichloride, LAA-s-LAA, s = 2,3,4,6 } were synthesized by using four bis (a-chloroacetamide)s and N, N-dimethyl-laurylamine, respectively. The molecular structures were characterized by means of IR, ^1H NMR. ^13C NMR and MS, and the behavior of their aqueous solutions was studied. The critical micell concentrations (CMC) of LAA-s-LAA were one order of magnitude lower than that of dodecyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (DTAC). With the change of the length of spacer chain(s), their CMC values change, and CMC reaches the top value at s=4. 相似文献
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多疏水链阳离子二聚表面活性剂的合成 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
长链胺与溴代烷通过烷基化反应,生成双长链叔胺,再将其与a,w-二溴代烷进行亲核取代反应,合成出一系列双长链季铵盐型二聚表面活性剂,其结构经1^H NMR和元素分析表征。 相似文献