由58Fe 和209Bi 熔合后的相关衰变过程得到的109号元素的证据

本文报导了合成109号元素的实验。用能量为4.95,5.05和5.15MeV/u 的~(58)Fe 束轰击~(209)Bi 靶,研究了全熔合产物衰变模式的特性。总辐照剂量为7×10~(17)粒子。所用的实验方法是:用静电场速度过滤器在飞行过程中分离向前方向成峰的反应产物,经过飞行时间装置后注入到位置灵敏固态探测器中,测量其动能,估算出质量、入射的时间和位置。以所有的出射粒子的能量和时间来记录很有限的反应产物发生级联α粒子和(或)自发裂变的继发衰变。在5.15 MeV/u 时的一个特别的衰变过程是:在5ms 和22ms 先分别发射两个α粒子,最后,在13s 后发生自发裂变。第一个α粒子的动能为11.10±0.04MeV。对各种可能的解释进行了详细的分析,例如纯属偶然的信号相关,转移反应产物的衰变和从能量上看允许的余核蒸发等。最后表明质量数为266的109号元素的同位素、即全熔合后的单中子蒸发道、从统计的观点看是最好的指定。本文同时也讨论了合成新元素的前景。     

Revealing pion and kaon structure via generalised parton distributions

Clear windows onto emergent hadron mass(EHM)and modulations thereof by Higgs boson interactions are provided by observable measures of pion and kaon structure,many of which are accessible via generalised parton distributions(GPDs).Beginning with algebraic GPD Ans?tze,constrained entirely by hadron-scaleπand K valence-parton distribution functions(DFs),in whose forms both EHM and Higgs boson influences are manifest,numerous illustrations are provided.They include the properties of electromagnetic form factors,impact parameter space GPDs,gravitational form factors and associated pressure profiles,and the character and consequences of allorders evolution.The analyses predict that mass-squared gravitational form factors are stiffer than electromagnetic form factors;reveal that K pressure profiles are tighter than profiles,with both mesons sustaining near-core pressures at magnitudes similar to that expected at the core of neutron stars;deliver parameter-free predictions for and K valence,glue,and sea GPDs at the resolving scale l=2GeV;and predict that at this scale the fraction of meson mass-squared carried by glue and sea combined matches that lodged with the valence degrees-of-freedom,with a similar statement holding for mass-squared radii.     

Phase relations in the ZnO-V2O5-K2O system

The subsolidus phase relations of a ZnO-V 2 O 5-K 2 O system are investigated by X-ray powder diffraction.There is 1 ternary compound,11 binary compounds and 14 three-phase regions in this system.The phase diagrams of V 2 O 5 K 2 O with the K 2 O content ranging from 0 to 71 mol% and pseudo-binary system of ZnO-K 2 ZnV 2 O 7 are also studied by X-ray powder diffraction and differential thermal analysis methods.     

Lax pair and vector semi-rational nonautonomous rogue waves for a coupled time-dependent coefficient fourth-order nonlinear Schrodinger system in an inhomogeneous optical fiber

Optical fibers are seen in the optical sensing and optical fiber communication. Simultaneous propagation of optical pulses in an inhomogeneous optical fiber is described by a coupled time-dependent coefficient fourth-order nonlinear Schr?dinger system, which is discussed in this paper. For such a system, we work out the Lax pair, Darboux transformation, and corresponding vector semi-rational nonautonomous rogue wave solutions. When the group velocity dispersion(GVD) and fourth-order dispersion(FOD) coefficients are the constants, we exhibit the first-and second-order vector semirational rogue waves which are composed of the four-petalled rogue waves and eye-shaped breathers. Both the width of the rogue wave along the time axis and temporal separation between the adjacent peaks of the breather decrease with the GVD coefficient or FOD coefficient. With the GVD and FOD coefficients as the linear, cosine, and exponential functions, we respectively present the first-and second-order periodic vector semi-rational rogue waves, first-and second-order asymmetry vector semi-rational rogue waves, and interactions between the eye-shaped breathers and the composite rogue waves.     

Gravitational collapse with standard and dark energy in the teleparallel equivalent of general relativity

A perfect fluid with self-similarity of the second kind is studied within the framework of the teleparallel equivalent of general relativity(TEGR).A spacetime which is not asymptotically flat is derived.The energy conditions of this spacetime are studied.It is shown that after some time the strong energy condition is not enough to satisfy showing a transition from standard matter to dark energy.The singularities of this solution are discussed.     

Breakdown voltage model and structure realization of a thin silicon layer with linear variable doping on a silicon on insulator high voltage device with multiple step field plates

Based on the theoretical and experimental investigation of a thin silicon layer(TSL) with linear variable doping(LVD) and further research on the TSL LVD with a multiple step field plate(MSFP),a breakdown voltage(BV) model is proposed and experimentally verified in this paper.With the two-dimensional Poisson equation of the silicon on insulator(SOI) device,the lateral electric field in drift region of the thin silicon layer is assumed to be constant.For the SOI device with LVD in the thin silicon layer,the dependence of the BV on impurity concentration under the drain is investigated by an enhanced dielectric layer field(ENDIF),from which the reduced surface field(RESURF) condition is deduced.The drain in the centre of the device has a good self-isolation effect,but the problem of the high voltage interconnection(HVI) line will become serious.The two step field plates including the source field plate and gate field plate can be adopted to shield the HVI adverse effect on the device.Based on this model,the TSL LVD SOI n-channel lateral double-diffused MOSFET(nLDMOS) with MSFP is realized.The experimental breakdown voltage(BV) and specific on-resistance(R on,sp) of the TSL LVD SOI device are 694 V and 21.3 ·mm 2 with a drift region length of 60 μm,buried oxide layer of 3 μm,and silicon layer of 0.15 μm,respectively.     

A new complex variable element-free Galerkin method for two-dimensional potential problems

In this paper, based on the element-free Galerkin (EFG) method and the improved complex variable moving least- square (ICVMLS) approximation, a new meshless method, which is the improved complex variable element-free Galerkin (ICVEFG) method for two-dimensional potential problems, is presented. In the method, the integral weak form of control equations is employed, and the Lagrange multiplier is used to apply the essential boundary conditions. Then the corresponding formulas of the ICVEFG method for two-dimensional potential problems are obtained. Compared with the complex variable moving least-square (CVMLS) approximation proposed by Cheng, the functional in the ICVMLS approximation has an explicit physical meaning. Furthermore, the ICVEFG method has greater computational precision and efficiency. Three numerical examples are given to show the validity of the proposed method.     

Phase properties of odd and even circular states

Phase properties of the even and odd circular states are studied within the Hermitian phase formalism of Pegg and Barnett. Exact analytical formulas for the distribution function and the variance of the phase operator are obtained and used to examine whether or not the even and odd circular states exhibit photon-number squeezing and phase squeezing.     

Neutron star cooling and GW170817 constraint within quark-meson coupling models

In the present work,we used five different versions of the quark-meson coupling(QMC)model to compute astrophysical quantities related to the GW170817 event and the neutron star cooling process.Two of the models are based on the original bag potential structure and three versions consider a harmonic oscillator potential to confine quarks.The bag-like models also incorporate the pasta phase used to describe the inner crust of neutron stars.With a simple method studied in the present work,we show that the pasta phase does not play a significant role.Moreover,the QMC model that satisfies the GW170817 constraints with the lowest slope of the symmetry energy exhibits a cooling profile compatible with observational data.     

Decoy-state method for quantum-key-distribution-based quantum private query

The quantum private query(QPQ)is a quantum solution for the symmetrically private information retrieval problem.We study the security of quantum-key-distribution-based QPQ with weak coherent pulses.The result shows that multiphoton pulses have posed a serious threat to the participant’s privacy in QPQ protocols.Then we propose a decoy-state method that can help the honest participant detect the attack by exploiting multiphoton pulses and improving the key distillation process to defend against such attack.The analysis demonstrates that our decoy-state method significantly improves the security of the QPQ with weak coherent pulses,which solves a major obstacle in the practical application of the QPQ.     

Matlab在大学物理教学中的辅助应用

以(线性和非线性)谐振子的求解过程为例,分析如何在大学物理的教学过程中引入Matlab计算工具.利用Matlab的符号计算和数值模拟两方面的强大功能,引导学生如何处理基本物理问题,体现了Matlab的可视化和简洁性对大学物理教学的辅助作用,激发学生学习的热情,提高大学物理教学的整体效率和质量.     

大学物理实验数字化教学改革的探索

将信息技术应用于物理实验教学,不仅可以丰富实验教学的内容,使一些教学内容变得直观、易懂,从而可以有效提高学生的学习兴趣、创新思维和创造能力,是改善物理实验教学的有效途径。通过数字化教学改革及课程建设,我校大学物理实验中心也于2015年被评为天津市示范实验中心。     

开放性大学物理实验与大学生创新项目

开放性大学物理实验作为大学物理实验的改革方向及当代大学物理实验的重要组成部分,在我国大部分高校正在开展,也得到了各高校的重视。大学生创新项目作为高校科技处或者教务处组织的大学生活动,在培养大学生的创新能力方面起到非常重要的作用。本文介绍了开放性大学物理实验的作用与特点、大学生创新项目的人才培养作用,结合我院实际情况,提出了开放性大学物理实验与大学生创新项目的相辅相成作用。本文认为开放性大学物理实验与大学生创新项目结合,可以对两者的发展都起到非常好的促进作用。     

大学基础课程实验教学方案设计的研究与实践

本文探讨了大学基础课程实验教学方案设计的内容和方法,并对常见的实验教学方式进行了界定,以我校开设的《物理学实验》为例,对大学基础课程实验教学方案进行了设计,该研究不仅能进一步提高《物理学实验》的教学效果,也为大学基础课程实验教学方案的设计提供了参考与借鉴。     

从高中物理课选修情况看执行大学物理课程教学基本要求的意义

介绍在北京邮电大学新生中进行高中物理课程选修情况的调查统计结果,从中可以看到大学物理课程执行《非物理类理工学科大学物理课程教学基本要求》的必要性.     

衔接视野下大学物理实验教学改革的探索

师范大学教学改革一定要加强与基础教育的衔接.目前师范大学对物理实验课程重视不够、研究不够、与中学脱节,已经影响大学物理实验课程对物理学专业师范生的培养质量.在探索实验教学改革过程中,结合中学物理实验教学现状和大学一年级新生实验能力现状,实施了预备实验教学,树立了课程衔接的理念,并对实施效果进行了分析讨论.     

大学物理课程思政的问卷调查与分析

采用自编的大学物理课程思政问卷,以笔者所带的湖北文理学院正在学习大学物理课程的学生为样本,实施问卷调查.问卷显示,70%左右的学生需要大学物理课程思政,80%左右的学生接受大学物理课程思政线上教学.分析了学生做出这些选择的原因,同时调研了他们对大学物理课程思政有哪些期许.对如何改进大学物理课程思政具有一定的指导意义.     

大学物理研究性实验探索

对笔者在物理实验教学过程中,所指导学生进行的一些具有创新性的研究性实验进行了探索、研究,归纳和总结,对学生进行研究性实验的情况进行了介绍,以供各位同仁师生参考。     

普通物理力学和理论力学的整合

理顺物理类普通物理力学和理论力学的关系,将理论力学中的牛顿力学部分基本上都归入普物力学,加强分析力学部分,并增加非线性力学,改名为分析力学．     

大学物理实验教学与创新

大学物理实验是理工科大学开设的一门必修基础课,是高等教育的重要组成部分。本文指出了传统大学物理实验教学的弊端,增设计划性实验项目,延长开放时间,改善了大学物理实验教学。