基态N2O－的势能函数研究

以6-311＋＋G(3df, 3pd)为基函数, 采用密度泛函理论的B3LYP方法对N₂O^－分子体系的结构进行了优化计算. 结果表明N₂O^－分子最稳态为C_s构型, 电子组态为²A', 平衡核间距R_N—N＝0.11873 nm, R_N—O＝0.13012 nm, 键角∠NNO＝133.94448°, 离解能D_e＝10.3857 eV, 基态简正振动频率: 弯曲振动频率ν₁＝656.7488 cm^－1, 对称伸缩振动频率ν₂＝998.1562 cm^－1, 反对称伸缩振动频率ν₃＝1684.3093 cm^－1. 并用多体展式理论方法推导出了基态N₂O^－分子的分析势能函数, 其等值势能图准确地再现了N₂O^－分子的结构特征和离解能.     

BH分子X 1Σ+、A 1Π和B 1Σ+ 态的势能函数

利用SAC/SAC-CI方法，使用D95++、6-311++g及cc-PVTZ等基组，对BH分子的基态(X ¹Σ⁺)、第一简并激发态(A ¹Π)及第二激发态(B ¹Σ⁺)的平衡结构和谐振频率进行了优化计算． 通过对三个基组计算结果的比较，得出了cc-PVTZ基组为三个基组中的最优基组的结论；使用cc-PVTZ基组，利用SAC的GSUM(group sum of operators)方法对基态(X ¹Σ⁺)， SAC-CI的GSUM方法对激发态(A ¹Π 和B ¹Σ⁺)进行单点能扫描计算, 用正规方程组拟合Murrell-Sorbie函数，得到了相应电子态的完整势能函数；从得到的势能函数计算了与基态(X ¹Σ⁺)、第一简并的激发态(A ¹Π)和第二激发态(X ¹Σ⁺)相对应的光谱常数(Be、αe、ωe 和ωeχe)，结果与实验数据较为一致． 其中基态、第一激发态与实验数据吻合得较好．     

N-皮考林酰肼及其双核钯配合物的晶体结构和荧光性质

合成了配体N-皮考林酰肼(简写为Hphz)及其双核钯配合物[Pd₂(phz)₂Cl₂]. X射线衍射实验结果表明, 配体和配合物晶体均属于单斜晶系, 空间群分别为C 2/c和P 2₁/c, 分子式分别为C₆H₇N₃O和C₁₂H₁₂Cl₂N₆O₂Pd₂. 晶体学参数, Hphz, a＝1.9245(2) nm, b＝0.38927(2) nm, c＝1.8073(2) nm, b＝107.255(2)°, V＝1.2931(2) nm³, Z＝8, D_c＝1.409 Mg/m³, F(000)＝576, μ(Mo Kα)＝0.102 mm^－1, R＝0.0541, wR＝0.1762; [Pd₂(phz)₂Cl₂], a＝1.48274(9) nm, b＝1.44797(9) nm, c＝0.73951(5) nm, b＝92.719(3)°, V＝1.5860(2) nm³, Z＝4, D_c＝2.329 Mg/m³, F(000)＝1072, μ(Mo Kα)＝2.62 mm^－1, R＝0.0262, wR＝0.0555. 在配合物[Pd₂(phz)₂Cl₂]分子内, 两个钯(II)原子, 均呈畸变的N₃Cl平面正方形配位构型, 晶体内通过分子间氢键N—H…Cl 作用形成一维链状结构, 分子间吡啶环存在相互作用. 量子化学从头算方法计算结果表明, 分子内及分子间的金属钯之间也存在相互作用. 红外光谱表明, 配体在形成配合物后, ν(C＝O)和ν(C＝N)红移, ν(C—N)蓝移, 荧光光谱表明, 配合物金属对配体n-π*激发(310 nm)引起的发射峰有较大的影响.     

双二茂铁甲基碳正离子与乙酰乙酸乙酯的反应及其产物的晶体结构

双二茂铁甲醇与BF₃•OEt₂ 在CH₂Cl₂中作用形成稳定的双二茂铁甲基碳正离子, 无需从溶液中分离, 可直接与乙酰乙酸乙酯反应得到了较高产率的双二茂铁甲基乙酰乙酸乙酯. 由苯重结晶得到的单晶经过X射线衍射测试发现, 该化合物属于三斜晶系, 空间群P , a＝0.82554(8) nm, b＝0.96962(10) nm, c＝1.46662(14) nm, α＝105.562(2)°, β＝90.771(2)°, γ＝96.727(2)°, V＝1.2191(19) nm³, D_c＝1.516 g•cm^－3, μ＝1.320 mm^－1, F(000)＝532, Z＝2.     

手性3,5-二甲基-2-芳基-2-吗啉醇盐酸盐的合成及其晶体结构

以(S)-2-氨基丙醇为手性源与α-溴-3-氯苯丙酮反应, (R)-2-氨基丙醇为手性源与6-甲氧基-2-(2-溴丙酰基)萘反应, 分别合成了手性纯化合物(2R,3R,5S)-3,5-二甲基-2-(3-氯苯基)-2-吗啉醇盐酸盐(4a)和(2S,3S,5R)-3,5-二甲基-2-(6-甲氧基-2-萘基)-2-吗啉醇盐酸盐(4b), 利用X射线单晶衍射仪测定了两化合物的晶体结构和两化合物的空间结构, 并初步分析两化合物空间结构, 化合物4a晶体属正交晶系, 空间群为P2₁2₁2, 晶胞参数为: a＝0.8718(2) nm, b＝0.7883(2) nm, c＝2.0247(6) nm, Z＝4, V＝1.3915(7) nm³, D_c＝1.328 g/cm³, F(000)＝584, R₁＝0.0399, wR₂＝0.0797, S＝1.042. 化合物4b晶体属正交晶系, 空间群为P2₁2₁2₁, 晶胞参数为: a＝0.71035 (9) nm, b＝0.77703(10) nm, c＝2.9820(4) nm, Z＝4, V＝1.6318(4) nm³, D_c＝1.318 g/cm³, F(000)＝688, R₁＝0.0520, wR₂＝0.1108, S＝0.994.     

3-甲氧基-5-氯-2,6-二硝基吡啶的合成及晶体结构

以3,5-二氯吡啶为原料, 通过取代、硝化合成了3-甲氧基-5-氯-2,6-二硝基吡啶, 由X射线单晶衍射, IR, ¹H NMR, MS及元素分析对其进行了表征. 晶体结构分析表明, 化合物为单斜晶系, 空间群P2₁/n, 晶胞参数a＝0.66490(13) nm, b＝1.0842(2) nm, c＝1.2715(3) nm, β＝95.55(3)°, V＝0.9123(3) nm³; Z＝4, D_c＝1.701 g•cm^－3; F(000)＝472; μ＝0.426 mm^－1.     

4-(色酮-3-基)-3-乙氧羰基-1,4,5,6,7,8-六氢-5-氧代-2,7,7-三甲基喹啉的一步合成

报道了用3-甲酰基色酮、5,5-二甲基-1,3-环己二酮、乙酰乙酸乙酯与醋酸铵一步法合成4-(色酮-3-基)-3-乙氧羰基-1,4,5,6,7,8-六氢-5-氧代-2,7,7-三甲基喹啉类化合物, 对其结构进行了表征, 并分析了代表性化合物2f的晶体结构. 2f晶体属于单斜晶系, P2/c空间群, 所得晶胞参数为: a＝2.0255(4) nm, b＝0.9132(2) nm, c＝1.4066(3) nm, β＝121.60(3)°, V＝2.2159(8) nm³, Z＝4, D_c＝1.335 g/cm³, μ＝0.209 mm^－1, F(000)＝736, R₁＝0.0556, wR₂＝0.1248.     

2,4,4'-三羟基脱氧安息香-3'-磺酸钴的合成、晶体结构表征及性质研究

合成了未见文献报道的水溶性很好的2,4,4'-三羟基脱氧安息香-3'-磺酸钴, 采用IR, UV, ¹H NMR和元素分析对其进行了表征, 并利用X射线单晶衍射仪测定了该化合物的晶体结构. 使用荧光光谱法检测了化合物对羟基自由基的清除作用, 紫外光谱法检测其对超氧自由基的清除作用. 实验结果表明, 2,4,4'-三羟基脱氧安息香-3'-磺酸钴[C₂₈H₄₆CoO₂₆S₂]属于单斜晶系, 空间群C2/c, a＝3.3937(3) nm, b＝0.85180(7) nm, c＝1.37455(11) nm, α＝90°, β＝97.8200(10)°, γ＝90°, Z＝4, V＝3.9365(5) nm³, D_c＝1.555 g/cm³, F(000)＝1924, R₁＝0.0329, wR₂＝0.0852, 具有较好的清除羟基自由基和超氧自由基的作用.     

微波辐射无溶剂条件下快速合成2,4,6-三芳基吡啶四氟硼酸盐

在微波辐射无溶剂条件下快速、高产率地合成了2,4,6-三芳基吡啶四氟硼酸盐化合物, 并对其进行核磁共振、红外光谱、元素分析表征. 同时得到了化合物4f的晶体, 对其进行了X单晶射线衍射表征. 结果表明, 该晶体属正交晶系, 空间群Pbca, a＝2.1050(2) nm, b＝1.64360(17) nm, c＝2.9209(3) nm, α＝β＝90.00°, γ＝90.00°, D_c＝1.276 g•cm^－3, V＝10.1057(17) nm^－3, Z＝16.     

配合物[Ni(EDTB)]•2Cl•CH3OH•C2H5OH的合成、晶体结构及SOD模拟活性的研究

报道六齿配体N,N,N',N'-四(2-苯并咪唑亚甲基)-1,2-乙二胺(EDTB)及单核镍(II)配合物[Ni(EDTB)]•2Cl• CH₃OH•C₂H₅OH的合成、晶体结构和SOD模拟活性. 该配合物为三斜晶系, P1空间群, a＝1.0931(2) nm, b＝1.1693(2) nm, c＝1.6756(4) nm, α＝76.042(3)°, β＝88.787(3)°, γ＝72.044(3)°, V＝1.9740(7) nm³, D_c＝1.321 g/cm³, Z＝2, F(000)＝824, μ＝0.670 mm^－1. 最终因子R[I＞2σ(I)]: R₁＝0.0611, wR₂＝0.1497; R(全部数据): R₁＝0.0870, wR₂＝0.1604. 结构分析表明, 镍(II)分别与配体中的四个苯并咪唑氮和两个亚胺基氮配位形成扭曲的八面体构型. 改良的邻苯三酚自氧化活性测定表明, 该配合物具有较高的SOD模拟活性.     

Theoretical determination of the X 2Σ+ and A 2Π potentials of CsO using relativistic effective core potentials

Theoretical potential energy curves are computed for the X ²Σ⁺ and A ²Π states of CsO using a relativistic effective core potential and a large valence Gaussian basis set. Seventeen electrons are correlated by a CI (SD ) calculation from each HF reference. We find the X ²Σ⁺ state lower by 497 and 726 cm^?1 at the HF and CI(SD) levels. Our calculated ω_e of 312 cm^?1 for the X ²Σ⁺ state agrees well with experimental values deduced from studies in matrices.     

PdYH分子的结构与势能函数

用密度泛函理论的B3LYP方法, 对钯和钇原子采用SDD收缩价基函数, 氢原子采用6-311＋＋G**全电子基函数, 对PdY和PdYH体系的结构进行优化. 计算表明: PdY分子的几何构型为C_∞v, 其基态为X²Σ^＋态, 键长R＝0.24168 nm, 离解能为D_e＝2.8261 eV, 谐振频率ω_e＝254.0656 cm^－1, 并拟合得到Murrell-Sorbie势能函数; PdYH分子最稳态为C_s构型, 电子组态为¹A', 平衡核间距R_PdY＝0.24281 nm, R_YH＝0.19824 nm, 键角∠PdYH＝116.7157°, 离解能D_e＝5.6146 eV, 基态简正振动频率: 对称伸缩振动频率ν₁ (a')＝348.2909 cm^－1, 弯曲振动频率ν₂ (a')＝243.3382 cm^－1, 反对称伸缩振动频率ν₃ (a')＝1442.2695 cm^－1. 由微观过程的可逆性原理分析了分子的可能离解极限. 并用多体项展式理论方法分别导出基态PdY和PdYH分子的势能函数, 其等值势能面图准确地再现了PdY和PdYH分子的结构特征和离解能, 由此讨论了Pd＋Y＋H分子反应的势能面静态特征.     

The energy balance and branching ratios associated with the chemiluminescent reaction Si(3P) + N2O(1Σ) → SiO*(a3Σ+, b3Π, A1Π) + N2(υ″ ⩾ 5) — possible formation of vibrationally excited N2

Silicon atoms react under single collision conditions with N₂O to yield chemiluminescent emission corresponding to the SiO a³Σ⁺?X¹Σ⁺ and b³Π?X¹Σ⁺ intercombination systems and the A¹Π?X¹Σ⁺ band system. A most striking feature of the SiN₂O reaction is the energy balance associated with the formation of SiO product molecules in the A¹Π and b³Π states. A significant energy discrepancy ( = 10000 cm^? = 1.24 eV) is found between the available energy to populate the highest energetically accessible excited-state quantum levels and the highest quantum level from which emission is observed. It is suggested that this discrepancy may result from the formation of vibrationally excited N₂ in a concerted fast SiN₂O reactive encounter. Emission from the SiO a³Σ⁺ (A¹Π) and b³Π(A¹Π, E¹Σ₀⁺) triplet-state manifold results primarily from intensity borrowing involving the indicated singlet states. Perturbation calculations indicate the magnitude of the mixing between the b³Π, A¹Π and E¹Σ₀⁺ states ranges between 0.5 and 2%. On the basis of these calculations, the branching ratio (excited triplet)/(excited singlet) is found to be well in excess of 500. An approximate vibrational population distribution is deduced for those molecules formed in the b³Π state. The present studies are correlated with those of previous workers in order to provide an explanation for diverse relaxation effects as well as observed changes in the ratio of a³Σ⁺ to b³Π emission as a function of pressure and experimental environment. Some of these effects are attributable to a strong coupling between the a³Σ⁺ and b³Π state. Based on the current results, there appears to be little correlation between either (1) the branching ratio for excited state formation or (2) the total absolute cross section for excited-state formation and (3) the measured quantum yield for the SiN₂O reaction. Implications for chemical laser development are considered.     

Theoretical study of electronic structure of rhodium mononitride and interpretation of experimental spectra

Potential energy curves of 22 electronic states of RhN have been calculated by the complete active space second‐order perturbation theory method. The X¹Σ₀⁺ is assigned as the ground state, and the first excited state a³Π₀+ is 978 cm^?1 higher. The ¹Δ(I) and B¹Σ⁺ states are located at 9521 and 13,046 cm^?1 above the ground state, respectively. The B¹Σ⁺ state should be the excited state located 12,300 cm^?1 above the ground state in the experimental study. Moreover, two excited states, C¹Π and b³Σ⁺, are found 14,963 and 15,082 cm^?1 above the X¹Σ⁺ state, respectively. The transition C¹Π₁–X¹Σ₀⁺ may contribute to the experimentally observed bands headed at 15,071 cm^?1. There are two excited states, D¹Δ and E¹Σ⁺, situate at 20,715 and 23,145 cm^?1 above the X¹Σ⁺ state. The visible bands near 20,000 cm^?1 could be generated by the electronic transitions D¹Δ₂–a³Π₁ and E¹Σ⁺₀–X¹Σ⁺₀ because of the spin–orbit coupling effect. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Theoretical study on HBO+ and HOB+ cations using multiconfiguration second‐order perturbation theory

The HBO⁺ and HOB⁺ cations have been reinvestigated using the CASSCF and CASPT2 methods in conjunction with the contracted atomic natural orbital (ANO) basis sets. The geometries of all stationary points in the potential energy surfaces were optimized at the CASSCF/ANO and CASPT2/ANO levels. The ground and the first excited states of HBO⁺ are predicted to be X²Π and A²Σ⁺ states, respectively. It was predicted that the ground state of HOB⁺ is X²Σ⁺ state. The A²Π state of HOB⁺ has unique imaginary frequency. A bending local minimum M1 was found for the first time along the 1²A′′ potential energy surface and the A²Π state of HOB⁺ should be the transition state of the isomerization reactions for M1? M1. The CASPT2/ANO potential energy curves (PECs) of isomerization reactions were calculated as functions of the HBO bond angle. Many of the CASSCF and CASPT2 calculated results were different from the previously published QCISD(T) results. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2010     

CASPT2 study on low‐lying states of HMgO and HOMg

The HMgO and magnesium monohydroxide (HOMg) have been reinvestigated using the complete active space self‐consistent field (CASSCF) and multiconfiguration second‐order perturbation theory (CASPT2) methods with the contracted atomic natural orbital (ANO) basis sets. The geometries of all stationary points along the potential energy surfaces (PESs) were optimized at the CASSCF/ANO levels. The ground and the first excited states of HMgO are predicted to be X²Π and A²Σ⁺ states, respectively. It was predicted that the ground state of HOMg is X²Σ⁺ state. The A²Π state of HOMg has unique imaginary frequency. A bent local minimum M1 was found for the first time along the 1²A″ PES and the A²Π state of HOMg should be the transition state of the isomerization reactions for M1 ? M1. The CASPT2/ANO potential energy curves of isomerization reactions were calculated as a function of HMgO bond angle. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2012     

Theoretical study on low‐lying states of HAlO+ and HOAl+ cations

Some low‐lying states of HAlO⁺ and HOAl⁺ cations have been studied using the complete‐active‐space self‐consistent field (CASSCF) and multiconfiguration second‐order perturbation theory (CASPT2) methods with the contracted atomic natural orbital (ANO) basis sets. The geometries of all stationary points along the potential energy surfaces were optimized at the CASSCF/ANO and CASPT2/ANO levels. The ground and the first excited states of HAlO⁺ are predicted to be X²Π and A²Σ⁺ states, respectively. It was predicted that the ground state of HOAl⁺ is X²Σ⁺ state. The A²Π state of HOAl⁺ has unique imaginary frequency. A bent local minimum M1 was found along the 1²A″ potential energy surface, and the A²Π state of HOAl⁺ should be the transition state of the isomerization reactions for M1 ? M1. The CASPT2/ANO potential energy curves of isomerization reactions were calculated as a function of HAlO bond angle. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2011     

CASPT2 study on low‐lying states of HBN and HNB radicals

In this study, some low‐lying states of the HBN and HNB radicals have been studied using multiconfiguration second‐order perturbation theory. The geometries of all stationary points along the potential energy surfaces (PESs) were optimized at the CASPT2/cc‐pVQZ level. The ground and the first excited states of HBN were predicted to be X²Π and A²Σ⁺ states, respectively. It was predicted that the ground state of HNB is X²Σ⁺ state. The A²Π state of HNB has unique imaginary frequency, which was different from the previously published results. A bending local minimum M1 was found for the first time along the 1²A″ PES, and the A²Π state of HNB should be the transition state of the isomerization reactions for M1 ? M1. The CASPT2/ANO potential energy curves (PECs) of isomerization reactions for HBN ? HNB were calculated as a function of HBN bond angle. By comparing the CASPT2 and CASSCF calculated results, we concluded that the influence of the dynamic electron correlation on HBN ? HNB system is not large. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2011     

Spectroscopic properties and potential energy curves of some low-lying electronic states of AlO,AlO+, LaO,and LaO+: An ab initio CASSCF study

Results of CASSCF state-averaged calculations on the lowest electronic states of LaO and LaO⁺ are reported in this work. For comparison, some low-lying electronic states of AlO and AlO⁺ are also reported. The ground state of LaO was found to be the X²Σ⁺ (R_e = 1.987 Å, ω_e = 794 cm^?1) with a low-lying A²Δ excited state. Five more excited states below 26000 cm^?1 were found. The first ionization potential (IP ) is found at 5.16 eV, resulting in an X¹Σ⁺ ground state for the LaO⁺ diatom, in opposition to AlO⁺ for which an X³ Π ground state has been found. Analysis of the wave functions, dipole moments, and Mulliken populations reveal that the bonding is quite ionic in both systems. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

HCF(X~1A’)+SO2反应的动力学研究

用激光光解-激光诱导荧光方法研究了室温下(T＝293 K) HCF(X^~1A^’)自由基与SO₂分子的反应动力学. 实验中HCF(X^~1A^’)自由基是由213 nm激光光解HCFBr₂产生的, 用激光诱导荧光(LIF)检测HCF(X^~1A^’)自由基的相对浓度随着反应时间的变化, 得到此反应的二级反应速率常数为: k＝(1.81±0.15)×10^－12 cm³•molecule^－1•s^－1, 体系总压为1862 Pa. 高精度理论计算表明, HCF(X^~1A^’)和SO₂分子反应的机理是典型的加成-消除反应. 我们运用RRKM-TST理论计算了此二级反应速率常数的温度效应和压力效应, 计算结果和室温下测定的二级反应速率常数符合得较好.