高效液相色谱-质谱联用法测定人体血液中脂肪酸含量

建立了一种用液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC- MS)快速、准确地对人体血液中游离脂肪酸进行分离和定量的方法.该法使用Dole提取法,提取的样品直接进行分析,无需衍生化处理.该方法以氘代十六烷酸为内标物,采用液相色谱-质谱联用法测定了人血清中游离脂肪酸的含量,各脂肪酸线性方程的相关系数均大于0.99,方法的回收率为90.0...     

同时测定加热非燃烧卷烟主流烟气中14种酸味成分的方法

本发明公开了一种同时测定加热非燃烧卷烟主流烟气中14种酸味成分的方法,包括下列步骤:(1)用剑桥滤片捕集加热非燃烧卷烟主流烟气粒相物后,将剑桥滤片转入提取容器,加入丙酮溶液,再加入内标溶液进行震荡提取,取上清液加入衍生化试剂加热后得烟气样品;(2)采用气相色谱质谱联用(GC–MS)法对烟气样品进行检测,通过内标定量法检测出14种酸味成分含量。本发明采用溶剂萃取–GC–MS法,可同时测定加热非燃烧卷烟主流烟气中14种酸味成分的含量,具有快速检测、灵敏度高、选择性好、精确度高的优点;特别适用于测定加热非燃烧卷烟烟气中酸味成分的含量。     

核磁共振波谱法测定依非韦伦含量

分别采用氢核磁共振定量法和氟核磁共振定量法测定依非韦伦含量。氢核磁共振定量法以依非韦伦δ1.58～1.65处质子峰为定量峰,马来酸δ6.22处为内标峰。氟核磁共振定量法以δ-80.58处作为定量峰,4-溴-2-氟-乙酰苯胺δ-121.70作为内标峰。通过比较依非韦伦的定量峰与内标物质内标峰峰面积,计算依非韦伦的含量。测试结果显示,氢核磁共振定量法和氟核磁共振定量法的含量测定结果基本一致。因此,核磁共振法可用于依非韦伦绝对含量的测定,具有快速、准确的优势。     

Determination of mannose in honey by isotope dilution gas chromatography mass spectrometryEI北大核心CSCD

建立了一种同位素稀释-气相色谱/质谱(GC-MS)测定蜂蜜中甘露糖含量的方法。选择了一种新型化合物[13C;D]-D-甘露糖作为蜂蜜中甘露糖检测的同位素内标,优化了甘露糖及其内标的气相色谱分离条件和质谱参数。蜂蜜样品经70%乙醇水溶液溶解后加入同位素内标,采用两步衍生法对蜂蜜中糖组分进行衍生化,即先加入2.5%盐酸羟胺-吡啶溶液进行肟化衍生,再加入N,O-双(三甲基硅基)三氟乙酰胺(BSTFA)进行硅烷化衍生,采用GC-MS对甘露糖进行定性分析和定量检测。结果表明,以洋槐蜜、油菜蜜、荆条蜜和椴树蜜为代表性样品基质,甘露糖的检出限均为6 mg/kg,定量限为20 mg/kg,在20,40,200 mg/kg 3个添加水平下方法的平均回收率在66.1%~91.7%之间,相对标准偏差不超过20%。该方法适用于不同类型蜂蜜中甘露糖含量的测定。     

甲氧滴涕原药成分的气相色谱和气相色谱-质谱分析

本文用气相色谱（GC），气相色谱-质谱联用（GC－MS）测定了甲氧滴涕（DMDT）原药中有效成分的含量及11种成分的结构。GC法内标定量结果表明，产品甲氧滴涕原药中有效成份达90％以上。     

液相色谱–同位素稀释质谱法测定人体生长激素

建立了准确、快速测定痕量人体生长激素的同位素稀释质谱法。选取同位素标记脯氨酸、缬氨酸和苯丙氨酸为内标物,将内标物以重量法与待测样品准确混合,利用Kinetex C18色谱柱分离,以电喷雾三重串联四级杆质谱多反应监测模式测定,建立了人体生长激素的液相色谱–同位素稀释质谱联用定量方法。人体生长激素溶液标准物质的含量测定结果为(1.82±0.04)mg/g,相对标准偏差为0.43%(n=6)。该方法简易、实用、准确、可靠,可作为人体生长激素溶液标准物质的定值方法,并为人体生长激素的日常检测提供参考。     

碰撞反应池-电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定膨化食品中的铝

采用密闭高压消解技术对样品进行前处理,建立了膨化食品中铝的电感耦合等离子体质谱测定方法。完善样品前处理条件,优化仪器工作参数,并以45Sc为内标元素消除非质谱干扰,以氦气为碰撞反应气消除质谱干扰。在优化的实验条件下,方法的检出限为13.61μg/L,标准曲线的回归系数为0.999 9。同时采用国家标准方法——分光光度法和原子吸收光谱法验证了方法的准确度,三种方法的测定结果没有显著性差异。实验结果表明,方法简单、快速、准确,适用于食品中铝含量的测定。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定钒银矿中硒

提出了电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定钒银矿中硒的含量。样品经逆王水加高氯酸溶解,并采用内标法消除了可能存在的质谱干扰。实验结果表明,方法检出限为0.066ng/mL,加标回收率为94%~104%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=7)均小于5.0%。方法简单、快速、准确,适用于钒银矿中硒含量的测定。     

碰撞反应池-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定膨化食品中的铝

采用密闭高压消解技术对样品进行前处理,建立了膨化食品中铝的电感耦合等离子体质谱测定方法。完善样品前处理条件,优化仪器工作参数,并以45Sc为内标元素消除非质谱干扰,以氦气为碰撞反应气消除质谱干扰。在优化的实验条件下,方法的检出限为13.61μg/L,标准曲线的回归系数为0.999 9。同时采用国家标准方法——分光光度法和原子吸收光谱法验证了方法的准确度,三种方法的测定结果没有显著性差异。实验结果表明,方法简单、快速、准确,适用于食品中铝含量的测定。     

GC-MS法快速测定啤酒中的甲醛和乙醛

报道了用GC-MS法同时测定无甲醛工艺啤酒中微量甲醛和乙醛的含量。用选择离子检测法定性,标准曲线法定量,方法的检出限可达0.01×10-6g/L。该方法快速、简便,结果重现性良好。     

Preparation of novel solid-phase microextraction fibers by sol-gel technology for headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatographic analysis of aroma compounds in beer

3-(Trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (TMSPMA) was first used as precursor as well as selective stationary phase to prepare the sol-gel-derived TMSPMA-hydroxyl-terminated silicone oil (TMSPMA-OH-TSO) solid-phase mircroextraction (SPME) fibers for the analysis of aroma compounds in beer. TMSPMA-OH-TSO was a medium polarity coating, and was found to be very effective in carrying out simultaneous extraction of both polar alcohols and fatty acids and nonpolar esters in beer. The extraction temperature, extraction time, and ionic strength of the sample matrix were modified to allow for maximium sorption of the analytes onto the fiber. Desorption temperature and time were optimized to avoid the carryover effects. To check the matrix effects, several different matrices, including distilled water, 4% ethanol/water (v/v) solution, a concentrated synthetic beer, a "volatile-free" beer and a real beer were investigated. Matrix effects were compensated for by using 4-methyl-2-pentanol as internal standard and selecting the "volatile-free" beer as working standard. The method proposed in this study showed satisfactory linearity, precision and detection limits and accuracy. The established headspace SPME-gas chromatography (GC) method was then used for determination of volatile compounds in four beer varieties. The recoveries obtained ranged from 92.8 to 105.8%. The relative standard deviations (RSD, n = 5) for all analytes were below 10%. The major aroma contributing substances of each variety were identified via aroma indexes.     

多波长叠加近红外吸收光谱法直接测定酒精饮料中的乙醇

利用乙醇在１３８２ｎｍ，１６９１ｎｍ和１７３０ｎｍ处的吸光度值，采用多波长叠加近红外吸收光谱法测定乙醇的含量。结果表明，乙醇在０％～２４％（Ｖ／Ｖ）浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系；回归方程为： Ａ＝ ０． ０１７５４＋ ０． ０４７４７Ｃ；相关系数ｒ＝０． ９９９４。用该法可直接测定葡萄酒、啤酒和黄酒中乙醇的含量，６次平行测定的ＲＳＤ分别为；葡萄酒４．０％，啤酒２．５％，黄酒２．４％。回收率为９７．５％～１０５．０％，本方法具有操作简便，准确和快速等优点。     

Direct determination of the estrogenic compounds 8-prenylnaringenin, zearalenone, alpha- and beta-zearalenol in beer by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry

A novel LC-ESI-MS method for the simultaneous determination of four of the most significant estrogenic compounds naturally occurring in beer, 8-prenylnaringenin (8-PN), zearalenone (ZON), alpha-zearalenol (alpha-ZOL) and beta-zearalenol (beta-ZOL) which requires minimal sample preparation was developed using a chemometric approach. Experimental design was applied to assess the effects of the LC-ESI-MS parameters (mobile phase flow rate, drying gas flow, nebuliser pressure and capillary potential) on the obtained signal and to optimize the values in order to provide maximum sensitivity and detectability. The proposed method is simple, consisting only of degassing the beer and diluting with water (1:1, v/v) before injection. Comparison between the two internal standards used, zearalanone (ZAN) and 4,2'-dihydroxychalcone (4,2'-DHC), showed that ZAN performs better as internal standard not only for the mycotoxins but for 8-PN as well, giving lower % RSDs. Under inter-day conditions mean recoveries were 107% for ZON, 87.8% for alpha-ZOL, 72.8% for beta-ZOL, and 77.5% for 8-PN. The corresponding % RSDs ranged between 5.0 and 8.0. The method limits of detection were 1.3, 1.4, 1.0 and 0.8 ng mL(-1) for ZON, alpha-ZOL, beta-ZOL and 8-PN, respectively. The method was applied to 15 beer samples obtained from local supermarkets and the concentration of the phytoestrogen 8-PN in beer ranged between <0.8 and 38.6 ng mL(-1), while neither ZON nor its metabolites, alpha-ZOL and beta-ZOL, were detected.     

Spectrophotometric determination of traces of silicon by an extraction method

A general method is presented for the spectrophotometric determination of silicon at trace levels. It involves the extraction of the yellow silicomolybdate with isoamyl alcohol and subsequent reduction to silicomolybdate blue. The method covers the range 0.2–15 μg of silicon. A comprehensive study of interferences using standard additions of 5 and 10 μg of silicon was carried out and many modifications are incorporated to permit the determination of silicon in a wide variety of metals and salts.     

Fast high-throughput method for the determination of acidity constants by capillary electrophoresis. II. Acidic internal standards

A fast method for the determination of acidity constants by CZE has been recently developed. This method is based on the use of an internal standard of pK(a) similar to that of the analyte. In this paper we establish the reference pK(a) values of a set of 24 monoprotic neutral acids of varied structure that we propose as internal standards. These compounds cover the most usual working pH range in CZE and facilitate the selection of adequate internal standards for a given determination. The reference pK(a) values of the acids have been established by the own internal standard method, i.e. from the mobility differences between different acids of similar pK(a) in the same pH buffers. The determined pK(a) values have been contrasted to the literature pK(a) values and confirmed by determination of the pK(a) values of some acids of the set by the classical CE method. Some systematic deviations of mobilities have been observed in NaOH buffer in reference to the other used buffers, overcoming the use of NaOH in the classical CE method. However, the deviations affect in a similar degree to the test compounds and internal standards allowing thus, the use of NaOH buffer in the internal standard method. This fact demonstrates the better performance of the internal standard method over the classical method to correct mobility deviations, which together with its fastness makes it an interesting method for the routine determination of accurate pK(a) values of new pharmaceutical drugs and drug precursors.     

Spectrophotometric determination of cobalt, nickel, palladium, copper, ruthenium and molybdenum after extraction of their isoamyl xanthate complexes into molten naphthalene

A method has been developed for the spectrophotometric determination of microamounts of Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Pd(II), Ru(III) and Mo(VI) after extraction of their isoamyl xanthate complexes into molten naphthalene. The method has been applied to the determination of these metal ions in various alloys and in environmental samples (fly ash).     

Ultra-rapid high-performance liquid chromatographic screening for phenothiazines in human samples

A high-performance liquid chromatographic method is presented for the simultaneous identification and quantification of six commonly prescribed phenothiazines. Single-step extraction was achieved from alkaline samples with heptane - isoamyl alcohol (98.5 + 1.5), using prochlorperazine as an internal standard. A Spherisorb CN column was used, with a mobile phase of acetonitrile - acetate buffer (95 + 5). Detection was carried out at 254 nm.     

Determination of Biacetyl in Beer by Liquid Chromatography with Sensitized Phosphorescence Detection

Abstract

A new determination method for biacetyl in beer is developed. After a simple sample preparation method and separation by HPLC, biacetyl is detected by sensitized room temperature phosphorescence. A detection limit of 0.5ppb biacetyl in beer can be obtained. The linearity of response is 0.5–150ppb; the relative standard deviation is 4.2% at the 16ppb level. Prepared samples are stable for at least 20 hours when kept in closed vials. The separation of biacetyl and 2,3-pentanedione, an α-diketone also present in beer, is described. It is found that sensitized phsophorescence detection is about a factor of 30 less sensitive for 2,3-pentanedione. The reliability of the method is demonstrated by comparison with a routine head space gas chromatography method.     

A fast high throughput method for the determination of acidity constants by capillary electrophoresis. 3. Basic internal standards

A set of 25 monoprotic bases is proposed as internal standards for pK(a) determination by capillary electrophoresis. The pK(a) of the bases is determined and compared with available literature data. The capillary electrophoresis internal standard method offers numerous advantages over other typical methods for pK(a) determination, especially of analysis time and buffer preparation. However, it requires disposing of appropriate standards with reference pK(a) value. The set of bases established in this work together with the set of acids previously established provide a reference set of compounds with well-determined acidity constants that facilitate the process of selecting appropriate internal standards for fast pK(a) determination by capillary electrophoresis in high throughput screening of pharmaceutical drugs. In addition, the performance of the method when acidic internal standards are used for the determination of acidity constants of basic internal standards has also been tested. Although higher errors may be expected in this case, good agreement is observed between determined and literature values. These results indicate that in most cases structural similarity between the analyte and the internal standard might not be an essential requirement in the internal standard method.     

现场光化学荧光法测定酪氨酸

在氨性缓冲溶液中,酪氨酸经２７５ｎｍ紫外光照射后,产生荧光二聚体,据此,建立了现场光化学荧光法测定酪氨酸的新方法。线性范围为２．０＊１０＾－７－２．０＊１０＾－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。检测限及精密度分别为３．２＊１０＾－９ｍｏｌ／Ｌ＾－１和１．７％。方法简便、快捷,对其它氨基酸有较好的选择性,可用于啤酒及氨基酸注射的测定。文章对光化学反应机理作了初步探讨。