D_(206)阴离子交换树脂微柱富集光度法测定湖水中痕量铬(Ⅵ)

用D206阴离子交换树脂填充的微交换柱,从酸度为0.05 mol.L-1硫酸的试样溶液中分离并富集痕量铬(Ⅵ)。试液以2 mL.min-1流量通过交换柱,用0.05 mol.L-1硫酸溶液0.5 mL淋洗交换柱两次,然后用0.5 mol.L-1氢氧化钠溶液及2 mol.L-1氯化钠溶液的混合溶液3 mL分3次洗脱吸附于交换柱上的铬(Ⅵ),洗脱液接受于25 mL容量瓶中,在0.5 mol.L-1硫酸溶液中,加入1.5 mol.L-1磷酸溶液0.5 mL作掩蔽剂后,用二苯碳酰二肼试剂显色光度法测定铬(Ⅵ)含量。     

金属材料分析方法的选择和施行第六讲金属材料中稀土元素的测定(续)

(4)加入邻联甲苯胺试剂:该试剂属二胺类化合物,其结构式如图6-14所示.使用时配成0.5 g·L-1的溶液,可称取0.1 g试剂于烧杯中,加入硫酸(1 1)数滴,用玻璃棒将其调成糊状,再加硫酸(1 1)20 mL,加水稀释至200 mL,温热使其溶解完全,铈的显色一般在50 mL容量瓶中进行.     

苯胺蓝-溴酸钾体系催化分光光度法测定水中痕量亚硝酸盐

在硫酸介质中,亚硝酸盐对溴酸钾氧化苯胺蓝褪色反应有明显的催化作用,据此提出了测定痕量亚硝酸盐催化分光光度方法。优化的试验条件如下:1 1.0mol·L-1硫酸溶液的用量为1.8mL;2 3×10-4 mol·L-1苯胺蓝溶液用量为1.5mL;3 0.02mol·L-1溴酸钾溶液用量为1.1mL;4反应温度为30℃。该方法的线性范围分别为0.01~0.2mg·L-1和0.2~1.0mg·L-1,检出限(3s/k)为4.6×10-6g·L-1。方法用于水样的分析,回收率在96.0%~104%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在1.6%~2.3%之间。     

气相色谱-串联质谱法测定尿样中氰离子的含量

尿样1.00 mL,加入1.0 g·L-1乙酸-α-萘酯溶液10μL,涡旋混合10 min后,加入0.1 mol·L-1硫酸铜溶液0.1 mL,0.3 mol·L-1萘胺溶液0.5 mL,50.0 g·L-1亚硝酸溶液1 mL和1 mol·L-1盐酸溶液0.1 mL,涡旋混合3 min。所得溶液在4℃冷藏10 min,再于50℃加热10 min。离心后,取有机相采用DB-5MS毛细管色谱柱进行气相色谱分离。质谱分析中采用选择反应监测模式。氰离子的质量浓度在0.1~10 mg·L-1范围内与其色谱峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为0.015 mg·L-1。按标准加入法进行回收试验,回收率在90.2%~106%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)均小于3.5%。     

脂质体免疫传感器的制备及其应用于测定尿液中2,4-D的量

将4种溶质(以10∶10∶1∶1质量比混合的DPPC、胆固醇、DPPG及DPPE)的混合物22mg,溶于4mL氯仿-异丙醚-甲醇(6+6+1)混合溶剂中。向此溶液中加入0.15mol·L-1亚铁氰化钾溶液1mL,于45℃超声涡旋5min使其包埋于脂质体中。将此脂质体包埋的亚铁氰化钾溶液1mL,通过戊二醛(0.7+99.3)溶液2mL的作用,与200μL 2,4-D免抗体溶液(10.53g.L-1)交联。另将自制MWNT′s修饰的石墨电极插入0.05mol·L-1脂质体-抗体-吡咯溶液中,用循环伏安法在0～0.75V电位区间扫描10次,扫描速率为50mV.s-1。由此制成的免疫传感器应用于测定尿样中2,4-D含量,其线性范围为0.05～2.5 mg·L-1之间,检出限(3S/N)为15.4μg·L-1。     

基于磷钼蓝反应测定钴-钼催化剂浸渍液中钼离子含量

基于磷钼蓝反应测定钴-钼催化剂浸渍液中钼离子含量。建立了一个流动注射-磷钼蓝分光光度法测定高浓度钼离子的含量,优化后的条件为:1酸度调节剂为0.5mol·L-1硫酸溶液;2载流为超纯水;3反应试剂为120g·L-1磷酸二氢钾、100g·L-1抗坏血酸及0.3mol·L-1硫酸的混合液;4总流量为2.8 mL·min-1;5酸度调节盘管长度为20cm;6反应盘管长度为250cm。三氧化钼的质量浓度在10.0~300.0g·L-1范围内与峰高呈线性关系,检出限(3s/k)为2.0g·L-1。方法用于钴-钼催化剂钼浸渍液的分析,回收率在99.7%~105%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=11)小于1%。     

顺序注射-化学发光法测定环境水样中痕量乐果

基于在盐酸溶液中,乐果在氢氧化钠介质中的水解产物被铈(Ⅳ)氧化而产生强烈的化学发光,并结合应用顺序注射技术,提出了SI-CL法测定环境水样中痕量乐果的方法。采用三区带进样模式,将试剂按以下方式组合:(a)0.3mol·L-1氢氧化钠溶液与8g·L-1 HPC溶液混合,(b)水样及(c)0.035mol·L-1硫酸铈铵溶液与1.2mol·L-1盐酸溶液混合。其进样体积依次为(a)200μL,(b)200μL和(c)80μL。化学发光强度与乐果的质量浓度在1~100μg·L-1和100~800μg·L-1两个范围内呈线性关系。检出限(3σ)为0.17μg·L-1。回收率在85.7%~119%之间。     

微波消解-氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法同时测定土壤及生物样品中铅和汞

应用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定了土壤及生物样品中铅和汞。样品用硝酸4mL及过氧化氢1mL按微波消解仪的工作参数进行消解,消解后溶液定容至25mL供测定。用30g·L-1柠檬酸溶液和硝酸(1+99)溶液的混合液作载流,根据铅(Ⅱ)离子的反应和试液对酸度的要求,选用含15g·L-1硼氢化钾,10g·L-1铁氰化钾和20g·L-1氢氧化钾的混合溶液作为还原剂。方法的检出限(3s/k)为0.512μg·L-1(铅)和0.067μg·L-1(汞)。应用此方法分析了3种实样并进行加标回收试验,测得回收率分别在91.0%~97.0%(铅)和88.0%~95.5%(汞)之间。     

不用汞盐溶液的废水化学需氧量的快速测定

对测定废水的化学需氧量(COD)的标准方法(GB/T 11914-1989)作了两点改进:用硫酸锰代替硫酸银作催化剂和用少量银盐代表汞盐作为氯离子的掩蔽剂.这一改进使氧化时间由原来的2 h缩短为6 min,而且彻底消除了由汞离子所带来的污染问题.试验所得优化的测定条件为:加热温度为160℃;回流时间为6 min;酸度为15 mol·L-1;硫酸锰的加入量为7.5 g·L-1及测定下限为100 mg·L-1COD.     

Fe2+-邻苯二胺显色光度法测定过氧乙酸消毒液中过氧乙酸

采用Fe2+-邻苯二胺(OPD)显色光度法测定了过氧乙酸(PAA)消毒液中的PAA含量.取0.25 mL消毒液,用0.01 mol·L-1高锰酸钾溶液滴定至溶液呈稳定的浅粉色.分取5.00 mL样品溶液,依次加入10 g·L-1 OPD溶液、乙酸-乙酸钠缓冲溶液(pH 1.5)和0.01 mol·L-1 Fe2+溶液,...     

HEPT类化合物的QSAR研究

为定量结构／活性相关性研究提取了量子化学参数,拓扑指数Am,分子连接性指数^mxt及疏水性常数,同时应用正交变换和最佳变量子集算法（Leaps-and-Bonds)进行了变量压缩和选择,进而实施了多元回归分析,并由此结果进行了HEPT类化合物（1－[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-6-(phenylthio)-thymine derivatives)的结构／活性关系的理论解释,进行了人工神经网络法对于该类化合物的活性预测,其结构明显好于多元回归法。     

Effect of the pH of the medium on the chemical shifts in the PMR spectra and on the distribution of the π-electron density

The dependence of the chemical shifts of the ring protons on the pH of the medium for a number of 4-hydroxyquinoline derivatives was studied by means of PMR spectroscopy. The dipolar and uncharged hydroxy forms exist in equilibrium in aqueous solutions. The effect of intramolecular hydrogen bonding on the character of the dependence of the chemical shift on the pH of the medium in the case of 3-piperidinomethyl-4-hydroxyisoquinoline was investigated. The possibility of the separate protonation of the ring nitrogen and the side-chain nitrogen in 3-piperidinomethyl-4-hydroxyisoquinoline was established. The distribution of the -electron density in 4-hydroxyisoquinoline is in good agreement with its chemical behavior.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 11, pp. 1546–1549, November, 1971     

Effect of the pH of the medium on the chemical shifts in the PMR spectra and on the distribution of the π-electron density

The dependence of the chemical shift of the ring protons on the pH of the medium for a number of 3-hydroxyquinoline derivatives was studied by PMR spectroscopy. The regions of ionization of the molecules, which correspond to the ranges of acidic, neutral, and alkaline media, were found. In D₂O, 3-hydroxyquinoline is present only in the uncharged hydroxy form. The presence of intramolecular hydrogen bonding in 4-dimethylaminomethyl-3-hydroxyquinoline has a substantial effect on the character of the dependence of the chemical shift on the pH of the medium; the existence of separate protonation of the nitrogen atoms of the ring and the side chain of 4-dimethylaminomethyl-3-hydroxyquinoline was established. The distribution of the -electron density in the 3-hydroxyquinoline molecule is in good agreement with its chemical behavior during electrophilic substitution.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 11, pp. 1540–1545, November, 1971.     

From the Micro- to the Macro-: Managing the Conservation of the Warship,Vasa

Sweden's famous warship, Vasa, sank on her maiden voyage in August 1628, and remained on the bottom of Stockholm harbour for 333 years. Raised in 1961, she became the first large-scale wooden object to be treated with polyethylene glycol (PEG). In the summer of 2000 a number of acidic salt precipitations were noticed on the surface of the ship and on wooden artefacts in the storerooms. An international research project has been established to look into the causes of this problem and suggest possible re-treatments. Meanwhile projects are underway to monitor movements in the ship, to build a better support system, and to replace the thousands of iron bolts holding the structure together, while a sophisticated new climate system has recently been installed in the museum.