氨基羧酸铁(III)配合物催化分解过氧化氢

用碘量法研究了[Fe（EDTA],[FeⅢ(DCTA)],[FeⅢ(EGTA)]催化分解H2O2反应，提出了反应动力学方程为-d[H2O2]/dt=k[FE(Ⅲ)][H2O2][H ]^-1，认为氨基羧酸铁（Ⅲ）配合物催化分解H2O2反应为键式自由基反应，反应中间体包括过氧铁（Ⅲ）配合物，氨基羧酸铁（Ⅱ）和HO-，HO2-自由基。     

铜和铝离子/UV催化臭氧降解偶氮二异丁腈废水研究

利用多相催化臭氧(O3)工艺处理偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)废水,探讨不同催化O3体系(Cu2+、Al3+、Cu2++Al3+/UV催化O3)对AIBN废水中氰类污染物的降解特性,并对不同催化O3体系的动力学特性进行研究。结果表明,金属离子对催化O3工艺的处理效率具有明显影响,不同催化O3工艺对CN-去除作用都呈现起始去除速率较高而后减弱的特点,其中Cu2+和Al3+共同催化O3工艺的整体去除率较高,优于单独Cu2+和Al3+的催化性能。这可能是由于p H变化、金属离子与CN-配合作用、金属离子和O3作用的综合影响结果。动力学研究结果表明,不同催化O3体系降解AIBN废水中的CN-污染物的氧化反应符合准一级动力学反应,表观反应速率常数k在0.0245~0.00301 min-1之间。     

胶束溶液中四(4-N-乙基吡啶基)卟啉铁催化H_2O_2氧化降解2,4,6-三氯苯酚的动力学研究

合成了四(4-N-乙基吡啶基)卟啉铁[Fe(TEPyP)],并用紫外-可见分光光度法研究了Fe(TEPyP)分别与表面活性剂正月桂酸肌氨酸钠(LSS)、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)和聚氧乙烯(23)十二烷基醚(Brij35)形成的金属胶束催化H2O2氧化2,4,6-三氯苯酚(TCP)反应的动力学,探讨了体系酸度、H2O2与催化剂的摩尔比以及温度对催化降解反应速率的影响,提出了催化氧化机理,建立了反应的动力学数学模型。结果表明,Fe(TEPyP)和胶束形成的金属胶束表现出过氧化物酶的催化氧化特性,其中阴离子表面活性剂LSS形成的金属胶束的催化作用最显著。     

铁(Ⅲ)的氮杂环配合物的合成、结构及对环己烷氧化的催化性能

制备了铁氮杂环配合物[Fe(H2L)2]·(CH3COO)2·(OH)·H2O(H2L=2,6-二(5-甲基-1H-吡唑-3-基)吡啶),通过元素分析、X射线粉末衍射和X射线单晶结构分析等技术手段表征了它的结构。 将其用于液相环己烷的催化氧化,系统研究了H2O2用量、HNO3用量、水量、反应时间和温度等对中间活性物种环己基过氧化氢(C6H11OOH) 的生成和分解的影响,探讨了反应机理。 结果表明,H2O2是氧化环己烷为C6H11OOH的主要氧化剂;硝酸对此过程没有氧化作用,但能大幅度提高C6H11OOH分解成环己醇(酮)的分解速率。 H2O会抑制中间物种C6H11OOH的生成和分解,而降低催化剂的比活性。 在不同反应阶段,C6H11OOH和环己醇(酮)的生成速率不同。 升温能促进C6H11OOH的分解速率,而有利于环己醇(酮)的生成。     

胶束溶液中金属卟啉Fe(TEPyP)催化H2O2氧化降解2,4,6-三氯苯酚的动力学研究

合成了四(4-N-乙基吡啶基)卟啉铁（Fe(TEPyP)）,并用紫外-可见分光光度法研究了Fe(TEPyP)分别与表面活性剂LSS、CTAB和Brij35形成的金属胶束催化H2O2氧化2,4,6-三氯苯酚(TCP)反应的动力学,探讨了体系酸度、H2O2/催化剂摩尔比、温度对催化降解反应速率的影响,提出了催化氧化机理,建立了反应的动力学数学模型。研究结果表明：Fe(TEPyP)和胶束形成的金属胶束表现出过氧化物酶的催化氧化特性,其中阴离子表面活性剂LSS形成的金属胶束的催化作用最显著。     

[Fe(L)3](ClO4)3(L=bpy,phen)与Na2S2O3在室温下的固相氧化还原反应

本文研究室温下[Fe(bpy)3](ClO4)3.3H2O和[Fe(phen)3](ClO4)3.H2O分别与Na2S2O3.5H2O发生的固-固相氧化还原反应。用Mossbauer谱、XRD、IR、UV漫反射谱、元素分析、TG-DTA和磁化率测定等手段表征了反应24h后的固相产物,报道了[Fe(bpy)3](ClO4)2的结晶学数据。结果表明, 室温下反应速度快, 反应进行完全。     

三缺位Keggin型磷钨杂多酸盐高选择性催化氧化环己烯

利用三缺位Keggin型杂多酸[A-α-PW9O34]9-和[(FeШ(OH2)2)3(A-α-PW9O34)2]9-的四丁基铵盐做为催化剂,H2O2做为氧化剂催化环己烯氧化反应. 考察了反应时间、H2O2与环己烯的摩尔比,催化剂的用量等因素对反应结果的影响. 结果表明：在1, 2-二氯乙烷为10 mL,H2O2 (30 %)与环己烯的摩尔比为2,反应温度为35 oC,反应时间为6 h,[(C4H9)4N]9[A-α-PW9O34]为催化剂的条件下,环己烯氧化反应的转化率为55 %,主要产物是环氧环己烷,其选择性 ≥ 99 %;而以[(C4H9)4N]9[(FeШ(OH2)2)3(A-α-PW9O34)2]为催化剂时环己烯氧化反应的转化率17 %,主要产物是2-环己烯-1-酮,选择性 ≥ 99 %.     

UV/H_2O_2体系中SF Blue染料的降解动力学

对UV/H2O2处理SFBlue制衣染料溶液的效果及其影响因素和动力学进行了研究。结果表明,UV/H2O2对SFBlue染料废液具有很好的处理效果,且在发生光助氧化降解的同时还伴随着光分解反应。UV/H2O2体系的光助氧化反应和UV体系的光分解反应均为表观一级反应,前者活化能5.17kJ/mol,指前因子0.168min-1,后者活化能16.9kJ/mol,指前因子1.04min-1。染料溶液初始pH为强碱性(pH=12)时染料降解率最大。     

紫外/TiO2/芬顿复合工艺增强在近中性pH值下对布洛芬的降解能力

药品及个人护理品(PPCPs)造成的潜在环境污染已引起广泛关注. 布洛芬(IBP, 2-(4-异丁基苯基)丙酸)作为苯丙酸类非甾体抗炎药物, 是一种在水环境中广泛检测到的PPCPs类物质. 水环境中的IBP主要来自制药企业排放和人体代谢物, 因IBP具有不易挥发、物理性质稳定、半衰期较长和不易被生物吸收等特点, 其在环境的残留浓度较高且污染风险大. 目前,传统的水处理工艺并不能有效治理水中的IBP, 比如: 混凝剂和絮凝剂对IBP的去除效率低, 吸附和膜处理运行成本过高且不能矿化IBP. 近年兴起的光催化技术利用·OH和O2·-等强氧化性活性物种降解水中有机污染物, 将其彻底矿化, 实现污染物的无害处理. 光催化技术适用于常温、常压和中性pH环境, 该环境特点与污水环境十分匹配, 适合应用. 但异质光催化通常发生在催化剂表面, 有效反应活性位少, 反应速率不够高. 相比而言, 同质芬顿反应能够均匀、快速地在整个溶液中发生反应, 但芬顿反应必须在酸性条件下才可以进行.本文整合了异相光催化和均相光-芬顿反应的优点, 设计了紫外/TiO2/芬顿(PCF)复合工艺, 评估了在中性pH下对典型的PPCPs布洛芬的降解效果. 对比实验结果表明, PCF复合工艺对IBP的降解速率比传统的UV, UV/H2O2, Fenton, 光-Fenton和光催化快得多. 动力学分析发现, IBP的降解遵循两阶段的一级反应动力学, 且速率常数k1> k2. 本研究进一步优化了运行参数, 确定IBP降解的最佳条件为: pH = 4.2, [Fe2+]0= 0.20 mmol/L, [Fe2+]0/[H2O2]0= 1/40, [TiO2]0= 1.0 g/L. pH值的增加造成IBP降解速率略微降低, 但在30 min反应时间内, 中性pH (6.0-8.0)与最佳pH条件下的降解效率完全相同, 证明PCF在中性pH下进行水处理切实可行. 数据分析发现, lnk1和lnk2均与1/pH0, [IBP]0, [H2O2]0, [H2O2]0/[Fe2+]0和ln[TiO2]0线性相关, 据此建立了IBP去除效率的数学预测模型, 通过验证发现, 动力学模型曲线与实验数据高度契合, 表明模型的有效性高.     

四氧化三铁磁性纳米颗粒人工模拟酶在快速检测二硝基甲苯中的研究及应用

通过共沉淀法制备了具有类过氧化物酶催化活性的四氧化三铁磁性纳米颗粒(Fe3O4 MNPs).研究表明,Fe3O4 MNPs可以催化H2O2氧化2,2'-连氮基-双-(3-乙基苯并二氢噻唑啉-6-磺酸)(ABTS)二铵盐,生成有色的氧化态ABTS,同时也可催化H2O2氧化二硝基甲苯(DNT)的反应,消耗反应物H2O2.基于上述原理,构建了Fe3O4 MNPs-ABTS-H2O2-DNT反应体系,用于检测DNT.结果表明,氧化态ABTS在417 nm处的吸收值随着DNT含量的增加而降低,与DNT浓度在5×10-7 ～2.0×10-5 mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检测限为1.5 ×10-7 mol/L(S/N=3).采用紫外-可见分光光度法对Fe3O4 MNPs-ABTS-H2O2-DNT体系的反应机理、反应条件等进行了深入探讨.所建立的硝基苯类化合物含量的比色分析方法简便、快速、灵敏、可靠,对环境水样中硝基苯类化合物的在线监测具有潜在的应用价值.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.