A ground state alternative for singular Schrödinger operators

Let a be a quadratic form associated with a Schrödinger operator L=-∇·(A∇)+V on a domain Ω⊂R^d. If a is nonnegative on , then either there is W>0 such that for all , or there is a sequence and a function ?>0 satisfying L?=0 such that a[?_k]→0, ?_k→? locally uniformly in Ω?{x₀}. This dichotomy is equivalent to the dichotomy between L being subcritical resp. critical in Ω. In the latter case, one has an inequality of Poincaré type: there exists W>0 such that for every satisfying there exists a constant C>0 such that for all .     

Convex hypersurfaces and L estimates for Schrödinger equations

This paper is concerned with Schrödinger equations whose principal operators are homogeneous elliptic. When the corresponding level hypersurface is convex, we show the L^p-L^q estimate of the solution operator in the free case. This estimate, combined with the results of fractionally integrated groups, allows us to further obtain the L^p estimate of solutions for the initial data belonging to a dense subset of L^p in the case of integrable potentials.     

Sharp essential self-adjointness of relativistic Schrödinger operators with a singular potential

This paper is devoted to the study of essential self-adjointness of a relativistic Schrödinger operator with a singular homogeneous potential. From an explicit condition on the coefficient of the singular term, we provide a sufficient and necessary condition for essential self-adjointness.     

Critical heat kernel estimates for Schrödinger operators via Hardy-Sobolev inequalities

We obtain Sobolev inequalities for the Shcrödinger operator −Δ−V, where V has critical behaviour V(x)=((N−2)/2)²|x|⁻² near the origin. We apply these inequalities to obtain point-wise estimates on the associated heat kernel, improving upon earlier results.     

Weighted estimates for rough oscillatory singular integrals

Weighted L^p estimates (1<p<∞) are shown for oscillatory singular integral operators with polynomial phase and a rough kernel of the form e^iP(x,y)Ω(x−y)h(|x−y|)|x−y|⁻ⁿ. We assume that Ω∈L logL(Sⁿ⁻¹) is homogeneous of degree zero and ∫_Sn-1Ω=0. The radial factor h has bounded variation. The necessary condition on the weight is similar to the A_p condition but involves rectangles (instead of cubes) arising from a covering of a star-shaped set related to Ω.     

Time-decay of semigroups generated by dissipative Schrödinger operators

We establish a representation formula for semigroups of contractions in terms of a global limiting absorption principle. As applications, we prove long-time asymptotics and dispersive estimate of the semigroup generated by −iH where H is a dissipative Schrödinger operator.     

Soliton solutions for quasilinear Schrödinger equations: The critical exponential case

Quasilinear elliptic equations in R²${\mathbb{R}}^2$ of second order with critical exponential growth are considered. By using a change of variable, the quasilinear equations are reduced to semilinear equations, whose respective associated functionals are well defined in H¹(R²)$H^1\left({\mathbb{R}}^2\right)$ and satisfy the geometric hypotheses of the mountain pass theorem. Using this fact, we obtain a Cerami sequence converging weakly to a solution v$v$. In the proof that v$v$ is nontrivial, the main tool is the concentration–compactness principle [P.L. Lions, The concentration compactness principle in the calculus of variations. The locally compact case. Part I and II, Ann. Inst. H. Poincaré Anal. Non. Linéaire 1 (1984) 109–145, 223–283] combined with test functions connected with optimal Trudinger–Moser inequality.     

Weighted norm inequalities,off-diagonal estimates and elliptic operators Part II: Off-diagonal estimates on spaces of homogeneous type

This is the second part of a series of four articles on weighted norm inequalities, off-diagonal estimates and elliptic operators. We consider a substitute to the notion of pointwise bounds for kernels of operators which usually is a measure of decay. This substitute is that of off-diagonal estimates expressed in terms of local and scale invariant L^p − L^q estimates. We propose a definition in spaces of homogeneous type that is stable under composition. It is particularly well suited to semigroups. We study the case of semigroups generated by elliptic operators. This work was partially supported by the European Union (IHP Network “Harmonic Analysis and Related Problems” 2002-2006, Contract HPRN-CT-2001-00273-HARP). The second author was also supported by MEC “Programa Ramón y Cajal, 2005” and by MEC Grant MTM2004-00678.     

Regularity for a Schrödinger equation with singular potentials and application to bilinear optimal control

We study the Schrödinger equation i∂_tu+Δu+V₀u+V₁u=0 on R³×(0,T), where V₀(x,t)=|x-a(t)|^-1, with a∈W^2,1(0,T;R³), is a coulombian potential, singular at finite distance, and V₁ is an electric potential, possibly unbounded. The initial condition u₀∈H²(R³) is such that . The potential V₁ is also real valued and may depend on space and time variables. We prove that if V₁ is regular enough and at most quadratic at infinity, this problem is well-posed and the regularity of the initial data is conserved for the solution. We also give an application to the bilinear optimal control of the solution through the electric potential.     

Kernel estimates for Schrödinger operators

We prove short time estimates for the heat kernel of Schr?dinger operators with unbounded potential in R^N.     

Quasi-periodic solutions in a nonlinear Schrödinger equation

In this paper, one-dimensional (1D) nonlinear Schrödinger equation

iut−uxx+mu+⁴|u|u=0     

Variable coefficient Schrödinger flows for ultrahyperbolic operators

We consider Schrödinger flows which are given by a real symmetric non-degenerate matrix of variable coefficient second order differential operators. After establishing the local smoothing effect we treat non-linear perturbations for first and zero order terms. A fundamental step is the construction of an integrating factor using some non-standard symbols.     

Multiple positive and sign-changing solutions for a singular Schrödinger equation with critical growth

Variational methods are used to prove the existence of multiple positive and sign-changing solutions for a Schrödinger equation with singular potential having prescribed finitely many singular points. Some exact local behavior for positive solutions obtained here are also given. The interesting aspects are two. One is that one singular point of the potential V(x)$V(x)$ and one positive solution can produce one sign-changing solution of the problem. The other is that each sign-changing solution changes its sign exactly once.     

Solution set splitting at low energy levels in Schrödinger equations with periodic and symmetric potential

The time-independent superlinear Schrödinger equation with spatially periodic and positive potential admits sign-changing two-bump solutions if the set of positive solutions at the minimal nontrivial energy level is the disjoint union of period translates of a compact set. Assuming a reflection symmetric potential we give a condition on the equation that ensures this splitting property for the solution set. Moreover, we provide a recipe to explicitly verify the condition, and we carry out the calculation in dimension one for a specific class of potentials.     

Smoothing estimates for the Schrödinger equation with unbounded potentials

We prove a local in time smoothing estimate for a magnetic Schrödinger equation with coefficients growing polynomially at spatial infinity. The assumptions on the magnetic field are gauge invariant and involve only the first two derivatives. The proof is based on the multiplier method and no pseudodifferential techniques are required.     

Coupled nonlinear Schrödinger systems with potentials

Coupled nonlinear Schrödinger systems describe some physical phenomena such as the propagation in birefringent optical fibers, Kerr-like photorefractive media in optics and Bose-Einstein condensates. In this paper, we study the existence of concentrating solutions of a singularly perturbed coupled nonlinear Schrödinger system, in presence of potentials. We show how the location of the concentration points depends strictly on the potentials.     

Schrödinger equation and the oscillatory semigroup for the Hermite operator

We discuss the regularity of the oscillatory semigroup e^itH, where H=-Δ+|x|² is the n-dimensional Hermite operator. The main result is a Strichartz-type estimate for the oscillatory semigroup e^itH in terms of the mixed L^p spaces. The result can be interpreted as the regularity of solution to the Schrödinger equation with potential V(x)=|x|².