AnomalousE1 conversion in octupole-deformed nuclei and muon shake-off in prompt fission

It has been shown that the coexistence of octupole and quadrupole deformation in nuclei gives rise to strong penetration effects in internal conversion for theE1 transitions. This idea has been applied for evaluating the muon shake-off probabilityW _sh. The value obtained,W _sh/–0.5% per prompt fission, is in good agreement with the experimental result. Possibilities for further experimental studies of this effect are discussed.The author would like to acknowledge fruitful discussions of the problem together with Prof. Yu.P. Gangrsky, Dr. V. Yu. Denisov and Prof. D.F. Zaretsky. He is also grateful to Prof. G.Ye. Belovitsky, Prof. P. David and Dr. Ch. Rösel for discussions of the experimental situation. This work was completed at the University of Bonn in the frame of a fellowship from the Heinrich Hertz Foundation.     

Motion of an electron in static and orthogonal electromagnetic fields of a special kind

Two-dimensional motion of an electron is analyzed in static and orthogonal nonuniform electromagnetic fields linearly depending (in the orbital plane) on the coordinate which determines the electric field direction. Exact solutions of relativistic equations of motion have been obtained in the form of elliptical functions. If the fields are of equal magnitudes the solutions can be expressed as elementary functions.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 10, pp. 88–92, October, 1972.The author takes the opportunity to thank Prof. A. A. Sokolov and Prof. V. G. Bagrov for their interest in this work and for useful discussions.     

Generally covariant nonlinear electrodynamics with a tensor potential

A generally covariant nonlinear electrodynamics with a tensor potential, constructed in analogy with Einstein's theory of gravitation, is proposed. It is shown that in weak electromagnetic fields (E, H < 10¹³ cgsoe units) the tensor electrodynamics passes over to the usual linear vector electrodynamics of Maxwell and Lorentz. The problem of the self-energy of a charge is solved in the framework of the proposed electrodynamics.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 10, pp. 98–102, October, 1972.For helpful discussions and important comments the author expresses thanks to Prof. D. D. Ivanenko and all participants in his seminar on the theory of the nucleus and elementary particles at the Moscow State University.     

Floating orbit method in the theory of synchrotron radiation

The effect of betatron oscillations in weakly focusing accelerators on the polarization-angular distribution and spectrum of synchrotron radiation is considered.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 6, pp. 59–65, June, 1976.The authors take this occasion to thank Prof. V. G. Bagrov for his interest in the work.     

Spectral analysis of complex gas mixtures by isotope dilution

A spectral technique for the analysis of complex gas mixtures by isotope dilution is described. The sensitivity of the hydrogen determination in complex mixtures amounts to 0.1% with a relative statistical error of 10%. In similar cases the sensitivity of the nitrogen determination is 0.5% with a relative statistical error of 7–8%. A technique for determining nitrogen and hydrogen simultaneously in complex gas mixtures with a double-slit diffraction monochromator was developed. The optimum operating conditions were established (electrode-less high-frequency discharge, pressure of 8–12 mm Hg, cooled quartz tube with an inside diameter of 1–2 mm for the discharge).The authors wish to thank Prof. A. N. Zaidel for his interest in the work and discussions of the results.     

Application of the hypothesis of isomorphism of critical phenomena for calculating the correlation function of a binary mixture in a gravitational field

Questions concerning the application of the theory of scaling transformations with the use of the hypothesis of isomorphism are considered for an analysis of the behavior of the correlation functions of binary mixtures which are at the liquid -vapor critical point in a gravitational field. Explicit expressions are obtained for the height and temperature dependence of the correlation functions of a binary mixture for the limiting directions which are isomorphous to the critical isotherm and isochore of a system with an isolated critical point.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 2, pp. 89–93, January, 1976.The authors are grateful to Prof. Yu. I. Shimanskii for useful discussions.     

Spontaneous symmetry breaking in cosmological models with rotation

We study the possibility of spontaneously broken gauge symmetry in the theory of a charged massive or massless scalar field for cosmological models of the Gödel and Ozsvath-Schücking types. We consider the effect of spontaneous symmetry breaking in the construction of a new cosmological solution with rotation.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 2, pp. 22–26, February, 1989.The author thanks the participants of the seminars of Prof. A. A. Grib and Prof. D. D. Ivanenko for discussions of the results.     

Problems of classical and quantum-gravitational collapse X. Creation of massless scalar particles by the torsion field

The effect of the creation of massless scalar particles by a cosmological torsion field is considered. It is shown that the particles produced make an initially isotropic universe anisotropic.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 9, pp. 105–109, September, 1978.In conclusion, the authors thank A. A. Grib and S. G. Mamaev for useful discussions, and the participants in the scientific seminar conducted by Prof. D. D. Ivanenko for discussion for the results of this paper.     

The source of the Kerr geometry

It is shown that the volume Casimir effect for ultradense matter gives a negative contribution to the energy density and determines the specific structure of the energy-momentum tensor of the source of the Kerr metric. The source is assumed to have the form of a thin relativistic disk. The connection between the Kerr metric and models of strings and bags is discussed.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 5, pp. 80–86, May, 1988.In conclusion the author sincerely thanks P. I. Pronin and V. M. Mostepanenko, and also Prof. D. D. Ivanenko and the participants of his seminar for useful discussions supporting the work and for making preprints available.     

Nonsteady equation for the field-density matrix in a laser,taking account of atomic correlations

A regular perturbation theory is constructed, allowing a nonsteady equation to be obtained for the distribution function of the quasiprobability in a single-mode laser based on two-level atoms, taking proper account of the correlation of the spontaneous emission of the atoms.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 3, pp. 3–6, March, 1984.It remains to thank Prof. D. N. Zubarev for his interest in the work.     

Spin splitting in narrow-gap Pb1−xSnxTe semiconductors

The g factor in the solid solutions Pb_1–xSn_xTe of the p and n type (x = 0, 0.1, 0.19, 0.2, 0.28, and 0.38), doped with germanium, cadmium, and bismuth, is determined from investigations of the quantum oscillations of the magnetoresistance. Comparison of the results obtained with theoretical calculations, taking into account the dependence of the matrix element of the momentum operator on the composition x, shows that the experiment agrees well with the theory within the framework of Dimmok's model. Analysis of the experimental results indicate that doping with nonmagnetic impurities does not affect the magnitude of the spin splitting.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 8, pp. 78–83, August, 1987.We are grateful to Doctor of Physical-Mathematical Sciences K. D. Tovstyuk and Candidate of Physical-Mathematical Sciences V. B. Orletskii for providing the possibility of formulating and successfully carrying out these studies, their constant interest in this work, and for valuable discussions of the results.     

Implementation of controlled phase shift gates and Collins version of Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm on a quadrupolar spin-7/2 nucleus using non-adiabatic geometric phases

In this work controlled phase shift gates are implemented on a qaudrupolar system, by using non-adiabatic geometric phases. A general procedure is given, for implementing controlled phase shift gates in an ‘N’ level system. The utility of such controlled phase shift gates, is demonstrated here by implementing 3-qubit Deutsch–Jozsa algorithm on a spin-7/2 quadrupolar nucleus oriented in a liquid crystal matrix.     

High spin states in102Ag

High spin states are populated in¹⁰²Ag using the reaction¹⁶O+⁸⁹Y with projectile energies in the energy range 60–80 MeV. Gamma multipolarities are inferred from DCO ratios and coincidence relationships are established among the gamma rays assigned to¹⁰²Ag. A comprehensive level scheme is constructed with four band systems, two of positive parity and the other two of negative parity. The present study extended spins upto 19^– in the main negative parity band. A new band is populated in the present work and is similar to the one observed in¹⁰⁶Ag.The authors wish to thank and record their appreciation to Dr. S.K. Parthasaradhi, VECC, Calcutta for preparing the target used in this experiment. The authors gratefully acknowledge useful discussions with Dr. Rakhesh Popli. The authors record their grateful thanks to Prof. A.P. Patro and Prof. G.K. Mehta, former and present directors of the Nuclear Science Centre, for their interest in this work, helpful discussions and providing excellent facilities. The authors also thank Dr. S.K. Datta of the Nuclear Science Centre for his continued interest and helpful discussions and accelerator staff of N.S.C. for their efficient services in delivering the beam. Grateful thanks are also due to the University Grants Commission for providing financial support.     

Calculation of the Shirokov effect for circular orbits in an axisymmetric static gravitational field

In the post-Newtonian approximation of the metric theory of gravitation we calculate the frequencies of Shirokov oscillations for equatorial circular geodesics in an asymptotically flat static space-time which satisfies the conditions of axial symmetry and symmetry with respect to the plane of the equator.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 4, pp. 78–81, April, 1990.We thank Yu. S. Vladimirova and the participants of his seminar for discussions of the results of our work.     

Radiation instability of electron rings in a waveguide

The stability of the oscillations of an electron ring inside a metallic tube having ideally conducting walls is considered. Expressions are derived for the growth rates of unstable harmonics. The instability in the neighborhood of waveguide resonances is investigated. The results of numerical calculations of the growth rate are presented.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Radiofizika, Vol. 15, No. 2, pp. 272–282, February, 1972.The authors are deeply indebted to M. L. Levin for his useful discussions and great interest in the work.     

Dynamics of fields of island systems

An investigation is made of the dynamical characteristics of fields produced by an island axisymmetric distribution of charged sources from the point of view of the theory of gravitoinertial frames of reference.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 7, pp. 56–62, July, 1976.It is a pleasant duty to thank all the participants of the seminars led by D. D. Ivanenko and V. I. Rodichev for interesting discussions on this work.     

Spectroscopic studies of Ni2+ in calcium tartrate tetrahydrate

The optical absorption spectrum of a single crystal of calcium tartrate tetrahydrate, doped with Ni²⁺ ions, is investigated at laboratory and liquid nitrogen temperatures. From the analysis of the unpolarised and polarised spectra, the site symmetry of the Ni²⁺ ion is attributed to an elongated octahedron with a small tetragonal (C_4v) distortion.The analysis results in the following crystal field parametersB=875 cm^–1,C=3980 cm^–1,Dq=900 cm^–1, Dt=32cm^–1.The authors wish to express their thanks to the Head of the Department of Physics, I.I.T., Madras for providing the facilities to conduct experiments on a Cary-14 spectrophotometer. They wish to express their thanks to Prof. S.Radhakrishna (I.I.T., Madras) and Prof. S.V. J.Lakshman (S.V. University) for thier interest in the work. The authors are grateful to the U.G.C. (India) for financial assistance.     

Supersymmetric,regularization of one-loop Green's functions in N = 4 Yang-Mills theory

Supersymmetric dimensional regularization via dimensional reduction is used for explicit calculation of one-loop two-point Green's functions in an N = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 6, pp. 74–79, June, 1989.In conclusion, the authors would like to thank Prof. I. V. Trutin for numerous invaluable discussions.     

Quantum time of flight and the adiabatic limit in scattering processes

The author investigates the adiabatic limit of the exact quantum scattering problem. Various types of long-lived states are considered. The author demonstrates that the characteristic scattering time obtained from the adiabatic condition is not directly related to the quantum time of flight and that the difference between these two parameters can be quite large.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 3, pp. 52–58, March, 1988.The author is grateful to L. M. Baskin for helpful discussions and D. V. Glazanov for computer calculations.     

Comparison of various gravitational energy tensors

In this paper we make a comparison of various energy tensors of the gravitational field, obtained by introducing various auxiliary structures into the discussion. Notwithstanding differences in initial positions, the best-known investigations have led to the same result.Translated from Izvestiya VUZ. Fizika, No. 6, pp. 12–15, June, 1973.In conclusion the author expresses deep thanks to Prof. V. I. Hodichev for discussion of results of the work.