Rapid and accurate chromatic dispersion measurement of fiber using asymmetric Sagnac interferometer

We propose and experimentally demonstrate an advanced method for chromatic dispersion measurement of fiber. This technique is based on spectral interferometry by using an asymmetric Sagnac loop and broadband optical source. The chromatic dispersion can be directly obtained from the spectral interferogram seen from an optical spectral analyzer. This method is rapid (<1?s), accurate, simple, low cost, and can provide a large dispersion measurement range.     

Twist sensor based on Sagnac single-mode optic fiber interferometer

An optical fiber twist sensor based on Sagnac single-mode optic fiber interferometer is proposed. The stress-induced birefringence of single-mode optical fiber is obtained by applying a transverse force against a short length of singlemode fiber. A high sensitivity and resolution of the twist angle measurement of 0.19 nm/° and 0.002° is achieved experimentally, respectively. The proposed sensor is more convenient and simple than that of standard polarization-maintaining fibers.     

Electro-optical fiber modulation in a Sagnac interferometer

The linear electro-optical effect was induced in optical fibers by thermal poling. A Sagnac all-spliced fiber loop was constructed incorporating an electro-optical fiber used as a phase modulator at 1.5 microm and stable switching was obtained. A rise time of approximately 40 ns was obtained, and signals <2 V generated a measurable optical response.     

Tunable dual-wavelength fiber laser based on a single fiber Bragg grating in a Sagnac loop interferometer

We propose a simple dual-wavelength Er-doped fiber laser configuration based on a dual-wavelength fiber Bragg grating written on the splice joint between two different fibers for wavelength-selective filter in the Sagnac loop interferometer. The wavelength separation between the adjacent lasing wavelengths is 1.12 nm and the side-mode suppression ratio (SMSR) is over 55 dB. The output power variation is less than 0.8 dB over a two-minute period. Moreover, the lasing wavelength can be effectively tuned using the thermal heating method.     

超低温度系数的光子晶体光纤Sagnac压力传感器

 提出了一种基于光子晶体光纤Sagnac干涉仪的横向压力传感器。使用的光子晶体光纤为低双折射光纤,首先预先在Saganc环中的光子晶体光纤上施加初始压力,使Sagnac干涉仪产生正弦干涉光谱,然后再将被测物体放在光子晶体光纤上,由于被测物体重力的作用,Saganc干涉仪输出的光谱产生移动,实现横向压力传感测量。传感器具有高灵敏度0.529 nm/(N·mm)及超低的温度系数-0.4 pm/℃,其环境温度的影响可以忽略。     

超低温度系数的光子晶体光纤Sagnac压力传感器

提出了一种基于光子晶体光纤Sagnac干涉仪的横向压力传感器。使用的光子晶体光纤为低双折射光纤,首先预先在Saganc环中的光子晶体光纤上施加初始压力,使Sagnac干涉仪产生正弦干涉光谱,然后再将被测物体放在光子晶体光纤上,由于被测物体重力的作用,Saganc干涉仪输出的光谱产生移动,实现横向压力传感测量。传感器具有高灵敏度0.529 nm/(N·mm)及超低的温度系数-0.4 pm/℃,其环境温度的影响可以忽略。     

Simultaneous measurement of strain and temperature with a long-period fiber grating inscribed Sagnac interferometer

A Sagnac interferometer with a long-period fiber grating (LPG) inscribed in the polarization-maintaining fiber (PMF) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated for simultaneous measurement of strain and temperature. Due to the different responses of the LPG and the Sagnac interferometer to strain and temperature, simultaneous measurement can be achieved by monitoring the wavelength shifts and the intensity changes of a resonance dip of the sensor setup. The experimental results show that the achieved sensitivities to strain and temperature are 6.4 × 10^− 3 dB/με and 0.65 nm/°C, respectively.     

High-resolution measurement of fiber length by using a mode-locked fiber laser configuration

A simple method to precisely measure fiber length has been experimentally demonstrated by using a mode-locked fiber laser configuration. Since the transit time in a cavity is exactly proportional to the cavity length, it is easy to obtain the fiber length from the generation of mode-locked pulses in the fiber laser with a long-range nonlinear optical loop mirror that includes the measured fiber. Our new method has a large measurement range, over hundreds of kilometers, and a high resolution, of the order of centimeters, as well as no measurement dead zone.     

Analysis of a Sagnac interferometer with low-birefringence twisted fiber

The fiber Sagnac interferometer of low birefringence and twist is analyzed numerically in the linear region. A novel method for measurement of the birefringence of the fiber and the angle of rotation of the axes inside the fiber loop of the interferometer is also presented.     

Modified super-wide-angle Sagnac imaging interferometer based on LCoS for atmospheric wind measurement

The modified super-wide-angle Sagnac imaging interferometer (MSASII) based on liquid crystals on silicon (LCoS) is proposed as a novel device for the detection of the upper atmospheric wind field. This device employs the phase-only modulation (POM) of LCoS coupled with the MSASII, and can measure phase changes in multi-band emissions without moving mirror. It can be used to replace the conventional Michelson’s interferometer with step-moving mirror device. The optical path difference (OPD) equation of MSASII-LCoS is derived, and the four compensation conditions (field, chromatics, thermal and achromaticity of thermal compensations) are discussed within the scope of wind measurement. The real parameters of LCoS and optical glasses are selected for numerical simulation and analysis. Three aurora lines (732.0, 630.0 and 557.7 nm) are considered, and their phase variations are 3.61, 2.02 and 0.15 fringes at the same incident angle of 3°, respectively. The rate of change of OPD with temperature is the magnitude of 10⁻⁶ cm/K, and the corresponding phase variations are within 0.09 fringes. The accuracy of phase modulation can be 0.614×10⁻² rad when LCoS of 10-bits is used. The novel model MSASII-LCoS shows its advantage for atmospheric wind measurement in the aspects of the overall structure, anti-vibration, operational flexibility and detection accuracy.     

High precision micro-displacement fiber sensor through a suspended-core Sagnac interferometer

A sensing system for micro-displacement measurement based in a suspended-core fiber Sagnac interferometer is presented. The suspended-core fiber characterization was made through the use of an optical backscatter reflectometer, screening its multimodal and birefringent behavior. Its sensitivity to displacement measurements is shown to be due only to birefringence, being that core-cladding mode coupling is negligible. High precision (～0.45 μm) was obtained using three different measurement instruments, showing an extremely high stability and high insensitivity to temperature, demonstrating that the sensing system has the ability for low cost applications.     

基于Sagnac干涉仪的紫外超短脉冲放大技术

 介绍了一种基于Sagnac干涉仪形式的超短脉冲多路放大技术，能够实现多个激光脉冲的自动复合，并且在理论上能够实现锁相输出。分析了调节偏差对于干涉仪性能的影响，在仔细调节好干涉仪的情况下，起主要限制作用的是放大器介质折射率的随机变化，同时给出了一种利用偏振分束片的多路放大方法及实验结果，将直径为50mm，能量为2~3mJ的脉冲激光放大为最大输出能量为120mJ，稳定运行在100mJ的脉冲。     

基于光纤色散相位补偿的高分辨率激光频率扫描干涉测量研究

为了实现更高分辨率的激光频率扫描干涉测量, 增大光源的扫频范围以及减小扫描频率的非线性成为关键. 采用外腔式大带宽扫频光源结合光纤辅助干涉仪构建的外部时钟频率采样非线性校正是目前较为常用的方法. 本研究发现随着扫频带宽和测量范围的增加, 光纤辅助干涉仪与测量光路中存在的色散失配导致频谱出现严重展宽, 极大的降低了测量的分辨率. 本文建立了辅助干涉仪和测量干涉仪色散失配影响的理论模型, 利用该模型分析了扫频带宽和测量范围与测量分辨率的变化关系, 与实验结果相一致, 并进而提出了基于峰值演化消畸变的色散相位补偿方法, 有效地提高了测量的分辨率, 在2.53 m 处实现了接近理论值的64.5 μm的测量分辨率. 该色散失配模型及补偿方法为提高大尺寸激光频率扫描干涉仪的测量分辨率及测距范围提供了参考.     

Performance of a wavelength-tunable erbium-doped fiber laser using a Sagnac interferometer

We experimentally demonstrate a wavelength-tunable erbium-doped fiber laser that is composed of a ring cavity and a single-mode fiber Sagnac interferometer in a new and simple arrangement. We find that the fiber laser output wavelength is tunable by adjusting the filter effect of the Sagnac fiber loop through a fiber polarization controller set there. The quasi-single-wavelength continuously tunable laser outputs could be achieved within some wavelength range. The multi-wavelength laser outputs could also be observed under some appropriate settings of the polarization controller. A theoretical demonstration of the wavelength tunability about the transmission-type Sagnac loop filter has also been achieved using the Jones calculus theory.     

Measurement of the chromatic dispersion of an optical fiber by use of a Sagnac interferometer employing asymmetric modulation

We describe a novel method, based on asymmetric modulation in a Sagnac interferometer, that measures the chromatic dispersion of single-mode fibers. The interferometer incorporates a phase modulator and a test fiber, so the dispersion can be determined from the interference fringe seen when a sweep rf signal is applied to the modulator. This technique provides picosecond temporal resolution without the need for any fast diagnostic equipment and is capable of accurately measuring the average dispersion of fibers several kilometers long.     

Switchable multi-wavelength erbium-doped fiber ring laser based on cascaded polarization maintaining fiber Bragg gratings in a Sagnac loop interferometer

A switchable multi-wavelength erbium-doped fiber (EDF) ring laser based on cascaded polarization maintaining fiber Bragg gratings (PMFBGs) in a Sagnac loop interferometer as the wavelength-selective filter at room temperature is proposed. Due to the polarization hole burning (PHB) enhanced by the PMFBGs, stable single-, dual-, three- and four-wavelength lasing operations can be obtained. The laser can be switched among the stable single-, dual-, three- and four-wavelength lasing operations by adjusting the polarization controllers (PCs). The optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) is over 50 dB.     

Temperature sensor based on PNR in Sagnac interferometer

A temperature sensor based on polarization non-reciprocity (PNR) in fiber-optic Sagnac interferometer (FSI) was proposed. The experimental study was made primarily and the results agree with theory well.Discussion shows that this kind of temperature sensor can achieve high precision and have great application potential.     

基于Sagnac干涉仪的紫外超短脉冲放大技术

介绍了一种基于Sagnac干涉仪形式的超短脉冲多路放大技术,能够实现多个激光脉冲的自动复合,并且在理论上能够实现锁相输出。分析了调节偏差对于干涉仪性能的影响,在仔细调节好干涉仪的情况下,起主要限制作用的是放大器介质折射率的随机变化,同时给出了一种利用偏振分束片的多路放大方法及实验结果,将直径为50mm,能量为2~3mJ的脉冲激光放大为最大输出能量为120mJ,稳定运行在100mJ的脉冲。     

Interrogation technique for a fiber Bragg grating sensing array based on a Sagnac interferometer and an acousto-optic modulator

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel real-time interrogation technique for a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensing system that is based on a frequency-shifted asymmetric Sagnac interferometer. FBG sensors are connected to the Sagnac loop by an optical coupler, and an acousto-optic modulator (AOM) is asymmetrically placed in the Sagnac loop. By linearly sweeping the driving frequency of the AOM, the environmental variation around each FBG sensor can be determined by measuring the spectrum of the interference signals of the two counterpropagating light beams reflected by the corresponding FBG. The system has the advantages of low cost and real-time sensing.     

Multi-wavelength fiber laser in single-longitudinal mode operation using a photonic crystal fiber Sagnac interferometer

In this paper, we report a new configuration of a tunable multi-wavelength erbium-doped fiber laser based on the commercial optical multiplexers and a Sagnac interferometer which includes a section of a high-birefringent photonic crystal fiber. Four-wavelength laser emission lines were obtained simultaneously in single-longitudinal mode operation showing a power instability lower than 1 dB, and an optical signal-to-noise ratio higher than 65 dB for all the emitted wavelengths. This proposed configuration allows the individual control of the loss of each channel of the laser and because of it is based on the commercial ITU-grid multiplexers, the laser is adapted to the telecommunications channel’s normative.