固相萃取分离-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定海产品中的无机砷

分别将N-(β氨乙基)-γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷(AEAPTMS)、3-巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷(MPTMS)与四乙氧基硅烷(TEOS)水解共聚,制备氨基\巯基键合的硅胶材料.将此材料作为固相萃取(SPE)小柱的填充材料,建立了固相萃取快速分离富集海产品样品中五价砷As(Ⅴ)和三价砷As(Ⅲ),电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-M...     

HPLC-AFS法分析海藻类产品中的As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)

建立了分析海藻类产品中2种无机砷价态的高效液相色谱-原子荧光光谱（HPLC-AFS）联用的分析方法. 样品经稀硝酸热浸提后离心,取上清液过C₁₈小柱及0.22 μm滤膜,进样分析. 结果表明：2种无机砷在5.0~100.0 μg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数r均大于0.999,As（Ⅲ）的最低定量限为0.01 mg/kg,As（Ⅴ）的最低定量限为0.02 mg/kg,As（Ⅲ）和As（Ⅴ）的样品加标回收率为86.2%~106.5%,相对标准偏差（RSD）为3.47%~6.14%. 方法可满足海藻类产品中2种价态无机砷的含量分析要求.     

氨基化硅藻基As(Ⅴ)印迹复合材料的制备与性能

采用硅藻作为材料载体、选取氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(APS)作为功能单体、As(Ⅴ)为模板离子、环氧氯丙烷(ECH)为交联剂通过表面印迹组合,制备了砷离子印迹复合材料,并将其应用于二元体系中对砷离子的选择吸附。采用扫描电镜、X射线光电子能谱、傅立叶变换红外光谱及N_2吸附-脱附实验对材料进行表征,探究了硅藻基表面印迹法的搭接方式:氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷首先通过缩合反应脱去甲氧基,与硅藻表面的活性羟基形成了(Si-O)_3≡Si-R结构,在硅藻表面形成有效接枝,通过环氧氯丙烷与APS中的氨基交联形成印迹结合位点,从而在硅藻表面形成了具有As(Ⅴ)选择性的复合印迹孔穴。采用选择性系数法,得出离子印迹复合材料对砷离子(As(Ⅴ))的去除率为98%,相对选择性系数(k′)均大于1.5。     

高效液相色谱-氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定植物样品中的4种砷形态

以0.15 mol·L-1硝酸溶液为提取溶剂超声提取植物样品2次,提取溶液经CNW IC-Guard RP小柱净化后,进入高效液相色谱,以Hamilton PRP-X100色谱柱为固定相,以25 mmol·L-1磷酸氢二铵-甲酸溶液(pH 6.0)为流动相进行等度洗脱,分离其中的亚砷酸[As(Ⅲ)]、二甲基砷酸(DMA...     

基于巯基功能化磁球的磁固相萃取-ICP-MS联用用于环境水样中无机砷形态分析

该文制备了一种可在pH 5.0~9.0范围内选择性吸附As(Ⅲ)的巯基（—SH）修饰的环氧基改性磁性纳米材料（Fe3O4@SiO2@GMA—S—SH MNPs）,将其与新型MSPE-ICP-MS联用实现了水中As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)的分离分析,As(Ⅴ)经Na2S2O3/KI还原后,采用MSPE-ICP-MS测得总砷含量,然后通过差减法计算。结果显示,方法对As(Ⅲ)的检出限（LOD）为1.5 ng·L-1,富集倍数为150倍,线性范围为5~3 000 ng·L-1,相对标准偏差（RSD）（c=10 ng·L-1,n=7）为9.6%。将该方法用于水质标准样品（GSB07-3171-2014）中无机砷形态分析,测定结果与参考值一致。采用该方法测定自来水As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)的含量分别为0.036、0.043 μg·L-1,湖水中含量分别为0.24、0.43 μg·L-1,加标回收率为80.9%~101%,RSD为1.5%~10%。该方法具有检出限低、富集倍数大、吸附/解吸动力学快、抗干扰能力强等优点,可用于实际水样中无机砷的形态分析。     

固相萃取-气相色谱/质谱法同时测定涂料中的8种有机锡

建立了一种固相萃取（SPE）前处理、气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）法同时测定涂料中8种有机锡的方法。样品采用阳离子交换固相萃取小柱净化,最佳固相萃取条件为：固相萃取小柱分别用5mL甲醇、7mL洗脱液（氯化铵、甲醇、冰乙酸的混合溶液）预洗,10mL甲醇活化;将用甲醇稀释的涂料样品上样后,用5mL甲醇淋洗,抽干2min,7mL乙酸-氯化铵甲醇溶液（10：90,V／V）洗脱溶液洗脱。洗脱液用四乙基硼化钠溶液衍生后,气相色谱-质谱法进行定性定量分析。结果表明：以标准加入法计算回收率,在1.68％-16.84%添加范围内,平均回收率在85％-105％之间,相对标准偏差均小于12％。     

分子印迹固相萃取技术检测江水、尿液及牛奶中雌激素残留

以β-雌二醇和炔雌醇的分子印迹聚合物为填料制备固相萃取小柱,选择60%(V/V)甲醇-水溶液作为雌激素的淋洗液,甲醇-乙酸(9:1,V/V)为洗脱液,洗脱两次可彻底洗脱固相萃取小柱中目标分子.以建立的萃取条件对上海黄浦江水、尿液、牛奶中雌激素进行富集,结合高效液相色谱法,建立了基于分子印迹固相萃取技术检测上述实际样品中...     

纳米Fe3O4分离富集-悬浮进样-氢化物发生原子荧光法测定砷形态

研究了以纳米Fe3O4为固相吸附剂对痕量无机砷形态的吸附与分离富集,建立了无需洗脱分离的悬浮进样-氢化物发生-原子荧光法测定砷形态的方法。选择的反应体系为0.64 g/L Fe3O4悬浮液-1.0%(m/V)NaBH4溶液-5.0%(V/V)HCl(pH 8),进样5.0 mL时,得到本方法的检出限为13.5 ng/L;As(Ⅲ)浓度在0.05～3.5μg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系;测定0.5μg/L As(Ⅲ)的精密度RSD=3.4%。用国家标准物质GBW10010(大米)验证了本方法测定砷的准确性,测定结果(0.101±0.010μg/g)与标准值(0.102±0.008μg/g)吻合。采用本方法测定了近海海水和雪水样品中的无机砷形态,并进行了加标回收实验。对As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)的加标回收率在95%～110%之间,结果令人满意。     

8-氨基喹哪啶固相萃取光度法测定水中痕量铁(Ⅲ)的研究

根据8-氨基喹哪啶（AQ）与铁（Ⅲ）的显色反应及固相萃取小柱对显色配合物的固相萃取,建立了一种测定水样中μg／L级铁（Ⅲ）的新方法在pH=5．5HAc-NaAc缓冲介质中AQ与铁（Ⅲ）反应,生成分子比为3：1的稳定配合物,该配合物可用Waters Porapak SepPak C18固相萃取小柱富集,富集物用含1％醋酸的乙醇溶液洗脱后用光度法测定。采用该方法测定了儿种水样中微量铁（Ⅲ）的含量,结果令人满意。     

超声辅助酶水解-高效液相色谱-氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱测定贝壳类海产品中砷形态

应用高效液相色谱-氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱(HPLC-HG-AFS)联用技术,建立了贝壳类海产品中一甲基砷(MMA)、二甲基砷(DMA)、As(Ⅴ)、As(Ⅲ)、砷甜菜碱(AsB)5种砷形态的分析方法。优化了温度、酶与样品的质量比、pH值及时间对砷化合物提取的影响。结果表明,超声辅助酶水解提取砷形态的最优条件为:pH值4.5,温度35℃,酶质量100mg(与样品的质量之比为0.4),时间5min。在最佳实验条件下,MMA、DMA、As(Ⅴ)、As(Ⅲ)、AsB 5种砷形态的检出限分别为3.34、3.30、1.47、3.51、2.36μg/L,线性相关系数均大于0.9990,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.04%~2.20%,样品加标回收率为89.6%~107.1%。该方法能够快速、准确地检测贝壳类海产品中上述5种砷形态。     

Symmetry groups for unit cells in solids

Two types of symmetry groups are commonly used in chemistry. Point groups are used for molecules, whereas, for solids, the 230 space groups are used. Neither of these types of symmetry groups are suitable for representing unit cells in solids, the symmetry of which is intermediate between that of point groups and space groups. To represent the symmetry of unit cells in an infinite lattice, a third type of symmetry group must be used. An algorithmic method of generating these symmetry groups is described. It can be demonstrated that these groups are valid by use of conventional symmetry group theory. This technique has been applied to the two-dimensional graphite lattice. Because the new method generates symmetry tables using only the topology of the system, the symmetry properties of graphs can also readily be derived. Last, the relationship between these groups and the other two types of groups is identified. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Comput Chem 19: 168–180, 1998     

抗胆碱能药物设计合成的研究进展

综述了近年来抗胆碱能药物设计合成在阻断基团设计、连接基团设计、阳离子头设计方面的研究进展,     

Use of Silicon Substituents in the Syntheses of Natural and Non-natural Molecules

Trimethylsilyl groups have been used in our research as a director as well as a bulky and lipophilic group in our quest for natural and non-natural molecules.     

The use of 2-O-propagyloxycarbonyl protecting group in the selective formation of 1,2-trans-glycosidic linkage

The effect of N-phenylcarbamoyl (Car) and propagyloxycarbonyl (Poc) protecting groups at the O-2 position of donors was examined. The usefulness of Poc group in the selective formation of 1,2-trans-glycosidic linkage is shown by comparing the reactivity of donors having Car or acyl (Bz) groups.     

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF COMB-LIKE POLYMERS BEARING HETEROCYCLIC AZO GROUP AND MESOGENIC GROUP

The synthesis and characterization of a series of novel comb-like polymethacrylates bearingheterocyclic azo group and mesogenic group are described. The thermal properties of the polymers such asthermal stability and phase transition behavior were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis, differentialthermal analysis and polarizing optical microscopy techniques. The experimental results show that all thesynthesized polymers do not exhibit liquid crystallinity except the homopolymer of the mesogenic monomerMAPB2 and the glass transition temperatures of the polymers increase with increasing content of azo moietyin polymers linearly.     

邻基参与与水解反应

描述了邻基参与的各种水解反应。     

A flexible correlation group table (CGT) method for the relativistic configuration interaction wavefunctions

A generalized correlation group table (CGT) method is described for the relativistic configuration interaction (RCI) wavefunctions of molecules containing heavy atoms. In this method first four keywords are defined and two properties are discussed in terms of spectroscopic states and double group theory. These definitions and properties are then used to summarize six principles to stipulate the relationship among relativistic states, nonrelativistic states, as well as RCI configurations. The definitions, properties, and principles comprise the generalized CGT method, which facilitates the classification and assignment of the RCI wavefunctions, and thus, provide a general technique for complex systems containing several open shells. Finally, the techniques are exemplified with a few computational models.     

A Vicinal Acyloxy Group Participation SN2 Reaction of Thiol Nucleophiles in the Formation of Thioacetals

Thioacetalization of acyl protected furanosides led to products with an ethanethiol group at C‐2 and 3‐O‐acetyl‐ 1,2‐di‐O‐isopropylidene‐D‐furanoses were converted into corresponding thioacetals with two ethanethiol groups at both C‐2 and C‐3 positions under the standard thioacetalization conditions. All products were characterized by ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR and HRMS data. X‐ray structure analysis indicates that the vicinal acyloxy group is stereoselectively substituted by ethanethiols. The supposed mechanisms for these two kinds of transformations were presented.     

邻基参与与环化反应

本文总结了邻基参与的各类环化反应。     

Synthesis and photoinduced deprotection of calixarene derivatives containing certain protective groups

Calixarene derivatives 1a , 1b , and 1c containing pendant tert‐butoxycarbonyl (t‐BOC) groups were synthesized in 81, 93, and 83% yields, respectively, by the reaction of C‐methylcalix[4]resorcinarene (CRA), p‐methylcalix[6]arene (MCA), and p‐tert‐butylcalix[8]arene (BCA) with di‐tert‐butyl dicarbonate using triethylamine as a base in pyridine. Calixarene derivatives 2a , 2b , and 2c containing pendant trimethylsilyl ether (TMSE) groups were obtained in 58, 50, and 82% yields, respectively, by the reaction of CRA, MCA, and BCA with 1,1,1,3,3,3‐hexamethyldisilazane using chlorotrimethylsilane as an accelerator in tetrahydrofuran. Calixarene derivatives 3a , 3b , and 3c containing pendant cyclohexenyl ether (CHE) groups were also prepared in 65, 78, and 84% yields, respectively, by the reaction of CRA, MCA, and BCA with 3‐bromocyclohexene using potassium hydroxide as a base as well as tetrabutylammonium bromide as a phase‐transfer catalyst in N‐methyl‐2‐pyrolidone. The photoinduced deprotection of calixarene derivatives 1a – c was examined with bis‐[4‐(diphenylsulfonio)phenyl]sulfide bis(hexafluorophosphate) as a photoacid generator on UV irradiation followed by heating in the film state, and it was found that the deprotection of the t‐BOC groups of 1a proceeded smoothly in high conversion. The deprotection rates of the t‐BOC groups of 1b and 1c were much lower than that of 1a under the same irradiation conditions. The photoinduced deprotection of calixarenes 2b – c containing tetramethylsilane groups as well as 3a – c containing CHE groups were also examined under similar reaction conditions in the film state, and it was found that the deprotection rates of calixarenes 2b – c and 3a – c were lower than those of the corresponding 1a – c calixarenes. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 39: 1481–1494, 2001