气相色谱法测定茶叶中多种拟除虫菊酯类农药残留量

1　引　　言茶叶是我国传统经济作物和出口商品。近年来茶叶的安全卫生越来越引起人们的重视 ,也成为了国际贸易中的技术壁垒。欧盟即将实行的农残限量标准 ,项目多达 91项 ,联苯菊酯和氰戊菊酯的ＭＲＬ分别由原来的 5ｍｇ/ｋｇ和 10ｍｇ/ｋｇ降低至 0 .5ｍｇ/ｋｇ和 0 .1ｍｇ/ｋｇ。有的ＭＲＬ降得更低。这对检测方法的灵敏度提出了更高的要求。而且 ,由于茶叶成分复杂 ,净化不好极易污染ＥＣＤ检测器 ,严重影响检测结果。因此 ,建立茶叶中多种拟除虫菊酯类农药残留量的分析方法是当前亟待解决的问题。本文根据欧盟新的农残限量标准和我国…     

气相色谱法测定茶叶中7种拟除虫菊酯农药残留

20世纪 40至 80年代 ,茶园中使用的杀虫剂品种主要是滴滴涕。六六六等有机氯杀虫剂 ,虽然这些农药品种对茶树上鳞翅目食叶害虫等有良好的效果 ,但因其高残留高毒性逐渐被淘汰禁用。自2 0世纪 70年中期起 ,拟除虫菊酯类农药品种大量发展 ,这类农药的毒性一般较大 ,有一定蓄积性 ,有些品种有致癌、致畸、致突变作用 ,其主要中毒症状表现为神经系统症状及皮肤症状。以往此类农药在茶叶中残留测定未得到应有重视 ,文献中较少报道 ,因此对茶叶中此类农药残留测定十分重要 ,也很迫切 ,本文选用宽口径毛细管柱 ,7种菊酯类农药得到有效分离 ,检测结…     

气相色谱法测定蔬菜中拟除虫菊酯类农药残留量

从1.0kg蔬菜中选其可食用部分,切碎后用四分法取样,取适量样品经充分捣碎制得分析用样品。称取试样25.00g用50mL乙腈高速匀浆提取,收集滤液40～50mL与5g氯化钠振荡盐析。定量分取上层清液10mL置于80℃水浴上吹氮至干,加正己烷2mL溶解残渣,所得溶液流经Florisil小柱纯化,用丙酮-正己烷(1+9)混合液淋洗2次,每次5mL,洗脱液在50℃水浴上吹氮至干,用正己烷定容至2.0mL,取1μL进样进行气相色谱分析。采用Varian CP-Sil 5CB毛细管色谱柱分离及电子捕获检测器定量检测,5种拟除虫菊酯类农药可很好地分离。其峰面积值与相应质量浓度均在0.01～1.0mg·L~(-1)之间呈线性,检出限(3S/N)在1.6～2.0μg·kg~(-1)之间。在3个浓度水平上(0.02,0.10,0.50mg·kg~(-1))加入各农药标准溶液,按方法作回收率及精密度试验,测得回收率和相对标准偏差(n=6)分别在90.5%～106.4%和0.98%～6.3%之间。     

毛细管气相色谱法测定中药材中多种拟除虫菊酯农药残留量

研究了气相色谱法测定中药材中多种拟除虫菊酯类残留量的分析方法。样品经正己烷．丙酮混合液[V（正己烷）：V（丙酮）=1：1]提取,氟罗里硅土层析柱净化,采用毛细管色谱柱分离,GC-ECD可同时测定8种拟除虫菊酯类农药残留量,回收率为76．6％～104．2％。     

气相色谱法测定火锅底料中的多种有机氯农药和拟除虫菊酯农药残留

建立了火锅底料中21种有机氯农药和6种拟除虫菊酯农药残留的同时测定方法.样品经乙腈超声提取,凝胶渗透色谱、弗罗里硅土固相萃取柱和N-丙基-2-乙二胺净化,毛细管气相色谱柱分离后,微电子捕获检测器检测.火锅底料中有机氯农药和拟除虫菊酯农药的检出限分别为0.082～2.3 μg/kg和1.5～13.0 μg/kg;有机氯农药的加标水平为10, 20和50 μg/kg,拟除虫菊酯农药为20, 40和100 μg/kg时,27种农药的平均回收率为70.5%～116.0%;相对标准偏差为0.2%～6.1%.本方法快速、灵敏、可靠,可用于火锅底料中多种农药残留的同时检测.     

茶叶中7种拟除虫菊酯农药残留量的检测方法

建立了一种同时测定茶叶中７种拟除虫菊酯农药残留量的气相色谱方法,试样中的拟除虫菊酯酯农药残留经丙酮－水（体积比８：１）体系萃取,正己烷反萃取,然后用乙腈萃取,弗罗里硅土柱净化,以ＧＣ－ＥＣＧ方法测定,外标法定量。实验表明,试样中添加质量分数（ｗ）０．０１＊１０＾－６－１．０＊１０＾－６含量水平的联苯菊酯,氯菊酯、氯氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯、溴氰菊酯,方法回收率为７５．０％－１０３．０％,最小检测含量０．１＊１０＾－７（ｗ）;试样中添加０．００２＊１０＾－６－０．２０＊１０＾－６含量水平的甲氰菊酯,方法回收率为９２．０％－１００．０％,最小检测含量０．２＊１０＾－８（ｗ）;试样中添加０．００１＊１０＾－６－０．１０＾－６含量水平的三氟氯氰菊酯,方法回收率为９６．０％－１０２．０％,最小检测含量０．１＊１０＾－８（ｗ）。同     

气相色谱法测定果蔬中5种拟除虫菊酯类农药残留

建立快速、准确测定果蔬中5种拟除虫菊酯类农药残留量的方法。采用漩涡振荡提取农药残留,固相萃取柱净化,毛细管柱气相色谱法-μECD检测器测定。该法可同时分离检测5种拟除虫菊酯类农药残留,检出限为0.001～0.005μg/mL。拟除虫菊酯类农药残留量在0.01～1μg/mL范围内与色谱峰高线性关系良好,相关系数大于0.9998。测定结果的相对标准偏差为4.8%～10.5%(n=6),回收率为89.9%～105.0%。     

大口径毛细管柱气相色谱测定烟草中6种拟除虫菊脂农药残留量

报道了用大口径毛细管柱气相色谱同时测定烟草中甲氰菊脂、三氟氯菊脂、氯菊脂、氯氰菊脂、氰戊菊脂、溴氰菊酯6种拟除虫菊脂农药残留量的方法。样品农药残留经丙酮提取,凝结液除杂,石油醚萃取,弗罗里硅土柱净化,OV-101大口径毛细管柱分离,电子捕获检测器（ECD）检测。本法的检出限为 0.001-0.005mg/kg。6种农药标准加入回收率为85.5%-102.0%,相对标准偏差4.6%-17.5%.     

超临界流体萃取气相色谱法测定粮谷中拟除虫菊酯残留量

本文建立了一种离线超临界流体萃取、气相色谱法快速测定粮谷（大米、小米、玉米）中的二氯苯醚菊酯、氯氰菊酯、速灭杀丁、溴氰菊酯等４种拟除虫菊酯残留量的方法。在优化条件下，菊酯被提取并收集于正己烷中，定容后直接进行气相色谱测定。整个分析时间小于１ｈ。     

气相色谱法测定茶叶中拟除虫菊酯及硫丹类杀虫剂残留量

应用气相色谱法对茶叶中拟除虫菊酯及硫丹类杀虫剂残留量作快速测定.用正己烷-丙酮(1+1)混合溶剂提取样品中的杀虫剂,残渣用正己烷-乙酸乙酯(1+1)混合溶剂溶解.此溶液先后经凝胶渗透色谱和固相萃取法进行纯化,固相萃取系ENVI-Carb柱和氟罗里硅土固相萃取柱连续净化.以正己烷-乙酸乙酯(1+1)混合溶液将杀虫剂从柱上洗脱,所得洗脱液在40℃蒸干,用正己烷溶解残渣,将此溶液引入气相色谱仪测定,测定采用电化学检测器并用外标法定量.共测定了茶叶样品中7种拟除虫菊酯和3种硫丹类杀虫剂,所得响应信号值与杀虫剂浓度在0.01～0.10 mg·kg-1范围呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)为0.01 mg·kg-1,方法的回收率在87.4%～91.9%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=10)小于7%.     

浓缩苹果汁中多种拟除虫菊酯类农药残留量的气相色谱-质谱测定方法

采用固相萃取技术,以丙酮和正己烷提取,C18小柱净化,用GC MS可同时测定浓缩苹果汁中4种拟除虫菊酯类农药的残留量。方法的回收率在96.5%～111.9%之间,相对标准偏差为1.7%～6.9%,最低检测浓度在0.02～0.10μg kg之间。     

气相色谱法测定苹果中的多种农药残留量

采用丙酮和正己烷提取,C18固相萃取小柱净化,气相色谱法用电子捕获检测器（GC-ECD）测定,建立了苹果中有机氯、拟除虫菊酯和有机磷3类15种农药的同时检测方法.该方法的回收率为78.3%～104.2%、相对标准偏差≤6.2%.     

Analysis of pesticide residues in tobacco with online size exclusion chromatography with gas chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry

An ultrasensitive method for the simultaneous analysis of pesticides residues in tobacco was developed with online size exclusion chromatography with gas chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. Tobacco samples were extracted with the solvent mixture of cyclohexane and acetone (7:3, v/v) and centrifuged. Then, the supernatant liquors were injected directly into the online size exclusion chromatography with gas chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry without any other purification procedures after being filtered with a 0.22 μm organic phase filter. The matrix interferences were effectively removed and recoveries of most pesticides were in the range of 72–121%. Especially, for chlorothalonil, the analysis efficiency of this method was much more favorable than that of the general method, in which dispersive solid‐phase extraction was used as an additional purified procedure. In addition, the limits of quantitation of this method were from 1 to 50 μg/kg. Therefore, a rapid, cost‐effective, labor‐saving method was proposed in the present work, which was suitable for the analysis of 41 pesticide residues in tobacco.     

Determination of pesticide residues in peaches by using gas chromatography and mass spectrometric detection

ABSTRACT

A multi-residue method using selected ion monitoring mode GC-MSD has been developed for the quantitative analysis of 30 widely used pesticides in fresh peaches produced in Swat Malakand, Pakistan. The planned methodology involved a sample extraction procedure using liquid-liquid partition with acetonitrile followed by a clean-up step based on solid-phase extraction (SPE). Method validation was performed in accordance with European Union guidelines. The European Union criteria (recovery 70–120%, RSD <20%) were met for majority of pesticides. For most of the pesticides, signal-to-noise ratios were good and background-corrected mass spectra often contained sufficient diagnostic to enable identity and confirmation. The limits of quantification (LOQs) were in the range 0.01–1.0 mg/kg. The above method was successfully applied to the analysis of peach samples (n = 30) from the field. Pesticide concentration in real peach samples was compared with the maximum residue levels (MRLs). Pesticide residues were detected in 73% of the peach samples. Most frequent residues were metalaxyl, α-cypermethrin, azoxystrobin, dimethoate, tebuconazol, λ-cyhalothrin and spiromesifin in peach samples.     

烟草中水溶性糖的超高效液相色谱分析及聚类分析研究

以ACQUITY UPLC BEH Amide柱为分析柱,乙腈(0.2%TEA)和水作为流动相,采用蒸发光散射检测器,建立了超高效液相色谱分析烟草中鼠李糖、木糖、果糖、甘露糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、麦芽糖的方法.7种水溶糖的加标回收率在85.2%～105.3%之间,相对标准偏差皆小于5.7%.方法可用于烟草及其制品中水溶性糖含...     

气相色谱法同时测定蔬菜中24种有机磷农药残留

建立了蔬菜中24种有机磷类农药残留气相色谱同时分析的方法。样品用含0.1%乙酸的乙腈提取,净化采用分散固相萃取的方式:在提取液中加入C18(ODS)、石墨炭黑、PSA等吸附剂粉末进行净化,采用DB-1701(30 m×0.32 mm×0.25μm)毛细管柱分离,FPD(P)检测。24种农药的质量分数在0.002~0.05 mg/kg时,回收率在80.1%~102.1%之间、RDS为1.4%~5.1%。各农药的检测限为:三硫磷、三唑磷为0.004 mg/kg、苯硫磷为0.01 mg/kg,其它21种为0.002 mg/kg。     

气相色谱/质谱测定水产品中氯霉素残留量

样品经均质后,用乙酸乙酯提取,正己烷脱脂,C18小柱净化,衍生后用GC ECD,NCI GC MS,NCI GC MSMS多种方法定性及定量测定,外标法定量。在0.1μg/kg水平,回收率为72%～110%,平行测定9次后相对标准偏差为16 5%。质量浓度在0～10μg/L范围内呈良好线性关系,相关系数r=0.9997。     

Determination of organophosphorus pesticide residues in fruits by gas chromatography with ITD and NPD detection

Summary Several widely used organophosphorus insecticides, diazinon, methyl-parathion, fenitrothion, malathion, fenthion and methidathion were selected for inclusion in this work. A comparative study of the multiresidue determination of these compounds in citrus fruit and grapes has been carried out by gas chromatography with nitrogen-phosphorus and ion trap detection. Samples were spiked with 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg kg^–1 of each pesticide and blended in a Sorvall homogeniser with ethyl acetate. Column clean-up on Florisil was necessary for citrus peel extracts. The average recoveries varied from 81 to 107% with a relative standard deviation between 0.3 and 9.5% for GC-ITD and from 86 to 104% with a relative standard deviation ranging from 1.4 to 8.0% for GC-NPD. The detection limit of the method was 10 ng g^–1 or less for each organophosphorus insecticide, with both detectors. This method was applied to the analysis of treated lemons and 0.25 mg kg^–1 of fenitrothion in fruit was detected a week after treatment and identified by its mass spectrum. The results obtained showed that the proposed methods are reproducible and sensitive enough for the simultaneous determination of these insecticides in fruits at residue level.     

毛细管柱气相色谱法测定土壤中的有机氯农药

研究了使用毛细管柱气相色谱法测定土壤中有机氯农药的分离条件、萃取方法、净化方法以及用替代品进行全程质量控制的方法。有机氯农药检出限在 1 .1～ 4.0 μg L之间 ,各化合物保留时间的RSD <0 .1 % ,所测定化合物的质量浓度在 0 .0 0 6～ 0 .2 0mg L范围内 ,各物质校正曲线 (浓度与峰面积 )的相关系数在 0 .992 6～ 0 .9971之间。用正己烷 丙酮 ( 1 1 ) 1 0 0mL超声波萃取 ,有机氯农药的萃取回收率在 96.3%～ 1 1 4% ,RSD为 0～ 1 1 %。用国产硅镁吸附剂净化 ,有机氯农药的回收率在 1 0 0 %～ 1 40 %之间 ,弗罗里硅土的回收率在 1 0 4 %～ 1 33%之间 ,硅镁吸附剂可以替代弗罗里硅土用于样品的净化。     

潜指纹残留物中油脂的气相色谱分析

建立一种适于分析潜指纹残留物中油脂组成的简便快速、灵敏可靠的GC/FID分析方法。以V(正己烷)∶V(CH2Cl2)=1∶10为提取剂,HP-5毛细管色谱柱和氢火焰离子检测器进行分析。潜指纹残留物中油脂组成复杂,不同个体捺印所得样品组成之间既有共同之处,又有各自典型特征;暗处保存及自然光照条件下,油脂组成发生变化,油脂含量总体呈下降趋势,但部分物质含量呈波动性变化;两种老化方式下的变化趋势相似,但自然光照条件下油脂衰减速度较快,光照10天后的潜指纹残留物中仍可见含量丰富的油脂。方法灵敏度能够达到单枚指纹残留物检测要求。