An investigation on the influence of slot injection/suction on the spreading of a thin film under gravity on a rotating disk

We investigate the influence of slot injection/suction on the axisymmetric spreading of a thin film under the influence of gravity and rotation. The effects of surface tension are ignored. We allow a very thin film to precede the bulk of the fluid to overcome the singularity which arises as a consequence of applying the no-slip boundary condition. We show how the width of the slot and magnitude of the injection/suction influences the height of ridges and depth of cavities on the profile of the free surface of the thin film. Rotation increases the depth of the cavities and the height of the ridges as compared to the effects of gravity alone. The presence of rotation also results in the formation of a breaking wave.     

Effect of suction/injection on free convection along a vertical plate in a nanofluid saturated non-Darcy porous medium with internal heat generation

The effect of internal heat generation on free convection along a vertical plate embedded in a nanofluid saturated non-Darcy porous medium in the presence of suction/injection is analyzed. The non-linear governing equations and their associated boundary conditions are initially cast into dimensionless forms by non-dimensional variables. The resulting equations are solved numerically by an accurate, implicit, iterative finite-difference methodology and the obtained results are compared favorably with previously published work. A parametric study is performed to illustrate influence of the temperature exponent, non-Darcy, suction/injection, Brownian motion and thermophoresis parameters on the profiles of the velocity components, temperature and nanoparticle volume fraction. The numerical data for the heat and nanoparticle mass transfer rates have been tabulated for various parametric conditions.     

Generalized couette flow with suction and injection

PART A: The unsteady viscous incompressible flow between two parallel flat plates with suction and injection in presence of a pressure gradient is studied. PART B: An exact solution for temperature distribution at different constant wall temperatures is obtained. It is assumed that the rate of injection at the lower plate equals the rate of suction at the upper plate.     

Hall current effect on MHD mixed convection flow from an inclined continuously stretching surface with blowing/suction and internal heat generation/absorption

Hydromagnetic heat transfer by mixed convection along an inclined continuously stretching surface, with power-law variation in the surface temperature or heat flux, in the presence of Hall current and internal heat generation/absorption has been studied. The surface is considered to be permeable to allow fluid suction or blowing, and stretching with a surface velocity varied according to a power-law. Two cases of the temperature boundary conditions were considered at the surface. The governing equations have been transformed into non-similar partial differential equations which have been integrated by the forth-order Runge–Kutta method. The effect of Hall parameter, magnetic parameter, dimensionless blowing/suction parameter, space and temperature dependent internal heat generation/absorption parameters and buoyancy force parameters on the temperature, primary and secondary flow velocity have been studied parametrically. All parameters involved in the problem affect the flow and thermal distributions except the temperature-dependent internal heat generation/absorption in the case of prescribed heat flux (PHF). Numerical values of the local skin-friction and the local Nusselt numbers for various parametric conditions have been tabulated.     

Entropy generation of double-diffusive convection in the presence of rotation

In the present study, the entropy generation of double-diffusive convection in the presence of rotation is investigated for the first time. In order to reveal the effects of rotating of the enclosure (described by the ratio of buoyancy frequency to Coriolis frequency St) and the ratio of buoyancy forces R_p on entropy generation systematically, we divide the cases investigated in the present study into two groups: (1) R_p is fixed but St varies from 0.001 to 10; (2) St is fixed but R_p varies from 0.1 to 2. We find that only fast rotation has significant influence on entropy generation distribution. Moreover, the share of irreversibility due to concentration diffusion increases quickly with R_p and it becomes the main contributor to entropy generation since R_p>0.6.     

Boundary layers in channel flow with injection and suction

We present a rigorous result regarding the boundary layer associated with the incompressible Newtonian channel flow with injection and suction.     

Approximate solution of boundary layer problems with injection or suction

Zusammenfassung Der grundlegende linearisierte Ansatz zur Näherungslösung von Grenzschichtproblemen wird auf neue Anwendungen erweitert, um die Behandlung von Problemen mit Massenaustausch durch die Oberfläche zu ermöglichen und die Beschränkung auf die Prandtl-Zahl 1 zu mildern. Das klassische Problem der konstanten, d. h. nicht ähnlichen Geschwindigkeitsverteilung an der Oberfläche wird behandelt, und die Ergebnisse werden mit der exakten numerischen Lösung verglichen. Es ergibt sich eine ausgezeichnete Übereinstimmung. Sodann wird eine Lösung des schwierigen und praktisch wichtigen Problems einer Stufenfunktion für die Oberflächengeschwindigkeit gegeben. Die freie Konvektion über einer vertikalen Platte mit konstanter Temperatur und Oberflächengeschwindigkeit wird erstmalig gelöst. Schliesslich wird das der Schlitzeinspritzung entsprechende Anfangswertproblem unter Milderung der bisherigen AnnahmeP _r =1 behandelt.

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This work was supported by the National Science Foundation, Grant No. GK-310,     

Hall effect on unsteady MHD Couette flow and heat transfer of a Bingham fluid with suction and injection

The unsteady magnetohydrodynamic flow of an electrically conducting viscous incompressible non-Newtonian Bingham fluid bounded by two parallel non-conducting porous plates is studied with heat transfer considering the Hall effect. An external uniform magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the plates and the fluid motion is subjected to a uniform suction and injection. The lower plate is stationary and the upper plate moves with a constant velocity and the two plates are kept at different but constant temperatures. Numerical solutions are obtained for the governing momentum and energy equations taking the Joule and viscous dissipations into consideration. The effect of the Hall term, the parameter describing the non-Newtonian behavior, and the velocity of suction and injection on both the velocity and temperature distributions are studied.     

Exact solution for flow in a porous pipe with unsteady wall suction and/or injection

This paper presents an extension of the exact solution of the steady laminar axisymmetric flow in a straight pipe of circular cross section with porous wall, given by R.M. Terrill, to the case of unsteady wall injection and/or suction. The cases of the pulsating parabolic profile and of the developed pulsating flow are investigated as examples. The pulsating flow in porous ducts has many applications in biomedical engineering and in other engineering areas.     

最大平均度量下的Bowen维数熵与测度下局部熵

熵是反映动力系统复杂性的一个非常重要的量.本文研究了平均意义下的动力系统的性质,对于最大平均度量,引入了Bowen维数熵以及测度下局部熵的概念.并研究了它们之间的关系,说明了在最大平均度量下,Bowen维数熵依然可以由测度下局部熵估计.     

Entropy generation and shock resolution in the particle model of compressible fluids

The examination of the particle model of compressible fluids that has been developed by the author [Numer. Math. (1997) 76: 111–142] and that has recently been extended to particles of variable size [Numer. Math. (1999) 82: 143–159], is continued. It is shown that, in the limit of particle sizes tending to zero, both the mass density and the mass flux density and the entropy density and the entropy flux density converge in the weak sense and satisfy the corresponding conservation laws. To incorporate entropy generation in shocks, a new kind of viscous force is introduced. Received November 22, 1996 / Revised version received March 30, 1998     

Dual solutions in mixed convection boundary-layer flow with suction or injection

The effect of suction/injection on the laminar mixed convectionboundary-layer flow about a vertical wall in an incompressibleviscous fluid is considered. The similarity solutions are obtainedfor some values of the suction/injection parameter as well asthe mixed convection parameter for three particular cases: uniformtemperature, uniform heat flux and stagnation flow. The resultingsystem of non-linear ordinary differential equations is solvednumerically for both assisting and opposing flow regimes usinga finite-difference scheme known as the Keller box method. Numericalresults are obtained for the skin friction coefficient and localNusselt number as well as velocity and temperature profiles.The effects of the involved parameters on the skin frictioncoefficient and the local Nusselt number characteristics arediscussed. It is found that dual solutions exist for assistingflow, besides that usually reported in the literature for opposingflow.     

Entropy generation in nanofluid flow of Walters-B fluid with homogeneous-heterogeneous reactions

Research on optimization of entropy generation in nanofluid flow gained much interest. In this study, the Walter's-B nanofluid flow is considered to analyze the irreversibility in cubic autocatalysis. Fluid motion is considered in presence of viscous dissipation, magnetohydrodynamics (MHD), radiation, and heat generation absorption. Homotopy analysis method (HAM) is employed to solve nonlinear ordinary differential system. Results show that fluid flow reduces for larger Weissenberg and Hartman numbers. Temperature gradually enhances for larger Weissenberg number and radiation parameter. For higher estimation of thermophoresis parameter, the temperature and concentration are enhanced. Opposite impact of Hartman and Weissenberg numbers is noticed for entropy generation and Bejan number. Disorderedness and Bejan number are reduced near the sheet, while the opposite trend is seen away from the sheet.     

Unsteady MHD stagnation-point flow with heat and mass transfer in a micropolar fluid in the presence of thermophoresis and suction/injection

The effect of suction or injection on unsteady MHD flow with heat and mass transfer in a micropolar fluid near the forward stagnation point flow with thermophoresis has been investigated. The problem is reduced to a system of non-dimensional partial differential equations, which are solved numerically using the implicit finite-difference scheme. Profiles for velocity, microrotation, temperature and concentration as well as the skin friction, the rate of heat and mass transfer are determined and presented graphically for physical parameters. The results show that the suction increases the skin friction, the rate of heat and mass transfer while opposite trend is observed for the case of injection. It is also found that the effect of thermophoresis is decrease the concentration boundary layer thickness.     

Estimation of the Multivariate Normal Precision Matrix under the Entropy Loss

Let X ₁, , X _n (n > p) be a random sample from multivariate normal distribution N _p (, ), where R ^p and is a positive definite matrix, both and being unknown. We consider the problem of estimating the precision matrix ^–1. In this paper it is shown that for the entropy loss, the best lower-triangular affine equivariant minimax estimator of ^–1 is inadmissible and an improved estimator is explicitly constructed. Note that our improved estimator is obtained from the class of lower-triangular scale equivariant estimators.     

Viscous flow and temperature distribution in rotating annulus with suction and injection

Part A.—Steady viscous incompressible flow in a rotating coaxial cylindrical annulus with suction and injection is studied. The unsteady flow is also considered. Part B.—An exact solution for temperature distribution at different constant wall temperatures is obtained. It is assumed that the rate of injection at the inner wall equals the rate of suction at the outer wall.     

Falkner-Skan equation for flow past a moving wedge with suction or injection

The characteristics of steady two-dimensional laminar boundary layer flow of a viscous and incompressible fluid past a moving wedge with suction or injection are theoretically investigated. The transformed boundary layer equations are solved numerically using an implicit finite-difference scheme known as the Keller-box method. The effects of Falkner-Skan power-law parameter (m), suction/injection parameter (f0) and the ratio of free stream velocity to boundary velocity parameter (λ) are discussed in detail. The numerical results for velocity distribution and skin friction coefficient are given for several values of these parameters. Comparisons with the existing results obtained by other researchers under certain conditions are made. The critical values off ₀,m and λ are obtained numerically and their significance on the skin friction and velocity profiles is discussed. The numerical evidence would seem to indicate the onset of reverse flow as it has been found by Riley and Weidman in 1989 for the Falkner-Skan equation for flow past an impermeable stretching boundary.     

Uniform suction/blowing effect on flow and heat transfer due to a stretching cylinder

The present paper presents a numerical solution of flow and heat transfer outside a stretching permeable cylinder. The governing system of partial differential equations is converted to ordinary differential equations by using similarity transformations, which are then solved numerically using the Keller-box method. The main purpose of the present study is to investigate the effects of the governing parameters, namely the suction/injection parameter, Prandtl number, and Reynolds number on the velocity and temperature profiles as well as the skin friction coefficient and the Nusselt number. The results are shown graphically. The values of the skin friction coefficient and the Nusselt number are presented in tables.