水相中CdTe纳米晶的制备及其光学性质

用不同稳定剂(巯基乙酸(TGA)、巯基丙酸(MPA)、L-半胱氨酸(L-Cys)、3-巯基-1,2-丙二醇(TG))在水相中制备了CdTe纳米晶, 并用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和X射线粉末衍射(XRD)等技术对其进行了表征. 研究了不同水相合成条件对CdTe纳米晶光学性质的影响, 结果表明, n(Cd):n(Te)、溶液pH值、回流时间以及稳定剂的性质, 对纳米晶的光学性质具有显著影响. 制得的CdTe纳米晶发射峰窄且对称(半高全宽达38 nm), 用不同稳定剂制备的纳米晶发光量子效率有所不同, 用不同的激发波长对纳米晶进行激发时, 发射峰并未表现出明显的移动.     

CdTe纳米晶与蛋白相互作用研究

当半导体纳米晶的直径小于其电子的玻尔直径时 ,半导体纳米晶对电子具有量子限域效应 ,其发光波长与纳米晶的尺寸相关 .与有机荧光分子相比 ,荧光半导体纳米晶具有以下优点 :(1 )其激发谱在吸收阈值以上几乎是连续的 ,利于多波长激发 ;(2 )高强荧光发射 ,谱峰窄 ,峰形对称 ;(3 )发射波长随着粒径的增大而有规律地红移 ,只需改变粒径即可获得多色发光 ;(4)纳米晶的发光稳定性好 ,不易被光分解和漂白 .因此 ,半导体纳米晶作为新一代荧光生物标记物已有研究[1～ 6] .荧光生物标记要求使用水溶性的纳米粒子 ,水相合成半导体纳米晶操作简便、重复…     

利用水相合成的CdTe纳米晶构建超晶格结构研究--纳米晶聚集体的调控

用巯基丙酸作稳定剂,在水溶液中制备了CdTe纳米晶.通过加入Cd2+、聚丙烯酸(PAA)以及长期放置分别得到了CdTe纳米晶的聚集体,改变Cd2+浓度或PAA加入量可以调控聚集体的尺寸.过量的Cd2+加速了聚集体的形成,通过与纳米晶表面羧酸根的静电相互作用,Cd2+成为连接不同CdTe纳米晶的“桥梁”.PAA链上大量的羧基与CdTe纳米晶有较强的配位相互作用,可以诱导纳米晶聚集.新制CdTe纳米晶在长期放置时,表面的羧基与Cd2+的相互作用导致纳米晶逐渐聚集.在聚集过程中纳米晶表面结构得到改善,并引起荧光增强.这些结果表明通过控制各种聚集条件,可以得到不同尺寸的聚集体.     

半导体CdTe纳米晶的合成及其光学性能

半导体CdTe纳米晶的合成及其光学性能;CdTe;纳米晶;光学性能     

CdS纳米晶与多肽相互作用研究

研究了半导体CdS纳米晶的表面功能化及荧光光谱特性,并利用静电/配位自组装方法实现了多肽和CdS纳米晶的生物无机偶联,研究了纳米晶多肽偶联体系的荧光光谱以及多肽与CdS纳米晶之间的相互作用.结果表明:含巯基多肽对CdS纳米晶表面形成完善包覆,消除CdS纳米晶表面缺陷,使CdS纳米晶荧光增强;含端氨基多肽使CdS纳米晶荧光出现先升后降趋势;其余不含巯基和氨基的多肽均猝灭CdS纳米晶荧光,猝灭机制属于形成化合物所引起的静态猝灭,它们的结合常数约为2×104,结合位点数约为0.87～1.00.     

反应型表面活性剂包覆CdTe纳米晶

近年来 ,基于半导体纳米微粒的新材料已引起科研人员的广泛关注 .这些尺寸均一 ,发光效率高的无机微粒 ,已被用于发光二极管、纳米激光器、光子晶体和生物荧光标记等基础研究领域 [1～ 4 ] .自文献 [5 ,6 ]报道用巯基分子稳定的 Cd Te微粒具有较高的发光效率以来 ,巯基稳定的纳     

CdS纳米晶与多肽分子相互作用研究

研究了半导体CdS纳米晶的表面功能化及荧光光谱特性, 并利用静电/配位自组装方法实现了多肽和CdS纳米晶的生物无机偶联, 研究了纳米晶多肽偶联体系的荧光光谱以及多肽与CdS纳米晶之间的相互作用. 结果表明: 含巯基多肽对CdS纳米晶表面形成完善包覆, 消除CdS纳米晶表面缺陷, 使CdS纳米晶荧光增强; 含端氨基多肽使CdS纳米晶荧光出现先升后降趋势; 其余不含巯基和氨基的多肽均猝灭CdS纳米晶荧光, 猝灭机制属于形成化合物所引起的静态猝灭, 它们的结合常数约为2×10⁴, 结合位点数约为0.87～1.00.     

通过静电相互作用制备CdTe/SiO2纳米复合物

以四乙氧基硅烷(TEOS)为原料,在乙醇相中制备了尺寸为80nmSiO₂纳米粒子,用3-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷对SiO₂纳米粒子进行了氨基化.以巯基乙酸为配体,在水相中合成了CdTe纳米晶.通过静电相互作用,CdTe纳米晶被吸附到氨基化的二氧化硅球的表面上.研究了两种粒子复合后引起的CdTe纳米晶发光光谱的变化.     

水相CdTe纳米晶的合成、生长机理和应用研究

纳米晶在生物检测、光电器件、光波导、可调激光器等领域有着广泛的应用前景．本文以CdTe为例,对近年来水相纳米品合成和生长机理方面的研究进展作了简要的归纳和论述．水相合成纳米晶具有操作简单、价格低廉、在水溶液中稳定性高等优点,并可以通过静电力、范德华力等弱相互作用实现一维、二维甚至三维结构的组装．对纳米晶的生长机理的研究涵盖了热力学主导的Ostwald熟化（Ostwaldripening）机理和动力学控制的聚集机理两个主要方面．文章最后对水相合成CdTe纳米晶的应用进行了总结和展望,     

磁性纳米氧化铁与CdTe量子点相互作用的光谱学研究

采用荧光光谱及紫外-可见吸收光谱研究了不同条件下磁性纳米氧化铁(MION)与CdTe量子点的相互作用, 发现MION对CdTe量子点荧光有猝灭作用. 由Stern-Volmer方程分析得到MION与CdTe量子点结合反应的荧光猝灭速率常数K_q值为7.68×10¹⁵ mol•L^－1•s^－1, 结合紫外-可见吸收光谱进一步证实此过程为静态猝灭过程. 并由Lineweaver-Burk方程得到MION与CdTe量子点结合的热力学焓变(?H^?)值为21.6 kJ•mol^－1、熵变(?S^?)值为210.3 J• mol^－1•K^－1和自由能变(?G^?)值为－41.1 kJ•mol^－1 (298 K). 对其相互作用机理进行探讨, 结果表明MION对CdTe量子点作用为自发过程, 主要存在静电作用.     

Synthesis of Positively Charged Luminescent CdTe Nanocrystals in Aqueous Solution

Highly luminescent positively charged CdTe nanocrystals were prepared from a facile and reproducible approach by the reaction of Cd²⁺ and HTe^? in the presence of mercaptoethylamine. The influence of various experimental variables, including pH value, growth temperature, Te-to-Cd ratio, as well as Cd-to-ligand ratio, on the growth rate and optical properties of CdTe nanocrystals have been systematically investigated. Experimental results indicate that the pH value and Te-to-Cd molar ratio play the crucial role in determining luminescent properties of the obtained CdTe nanocrystals. The mechanism for the resulting high-quality optical properties of the resulting CdTe nanocrystals was also elucidated.     

CdTe荧光量子点与苯胺之间相互作用的研究

以巯基乙酸为稳定剂在水相中合成了CdTe荧光量子点,并使之与苯胺(Aniline)耦联.通过红外光谱分析,证实CdTe荧光量子点同Aniline的耦合主要是通过量子点周围巯基乙酸的—COOH与苯胺的—NH2形成的氢键实现的.将CdTe-苯胺、CdTe-丙氨酸(Alanine)耦合物荧光光谱的强度进行对比,发现苯环的存在可以极大地增强耦合物的荧光强度.     

Easy preparation and characterization of highly fluorescent polymer composite microspheres from aqueous CdTe nanocrystals

Fluorescent microspheres were easily fabricated from aqueous CdTe nanocrystals (NCs). The NCs, which had negative charges on the surface, were first extracted to chloroform by cationic surfactant octadecyl-p-vinyl-benzyldimethylammonium chloride (OVDAC) and then swollen into performed polystyrene (PS) microspheres. Through this method, strong photoluminescence (PL) of aqueous NCs was inherited in the resultant composite microspheres. Moreover, the NCs were firmly stabilized in the microspheres, withstanding not only polar solvents but also nonpolar solvents. UV-vis spectrum, PL spectrum, TEM, and confocal fluorescence microscopy were used to characterize the product.     

Application of synchronous fluorescence scan spectroscopy for size dependent simultaneous analysis of CdTe nanocrystals and their mixtures

In this paper, synchronous fluorescence scan (SFS) spectroscopy has been applied for the first time for the simultaneous determination of a mixture of CdTe fluorescent nanocrystals (NCs) of various sizes without a pre-separation step. It is observed that synchronous fluorescence maximum correlates well with the size of the nanocrystals, i.e.; the is useful to determine size dependency of NCs. Synchronous fluorescence maximum along with the second derivative can identify individual NCs in a mixture in water. The method is found to be simple, sensitive, selective and fast for NCs determination in aqueous media.     

CdTe nanocrystals sensitized chemiluminescence and the analytical application

It was found that the mixing of CdTe semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) with luminol in the presence of KMnO₄ can induce a great sensitized effect on chemiluminescence (CL) emission. When the concentration of luminol, KMnO₄ and NaOH were fixed at 1 μM, 1 μM and 0.05 M, respectively, the most excellent performance can be obtained for the CdTe NCs sensitized CL. By means of CL and photoluminescence spectra, we suppose the enhanced CL signals resulted from the accelerated luminol CL induced by the oxidized species of CdTe NCs. Based on the finding, using thioglycolic acid-capped CdTe NCs as label and immunoglobulin G (IgG) as a model analyte, a CL immunoassay protocol for IgG content detection was developed. The strong inhibition effect of phenol compounds on luminol-KMnO₄-CdTe NCs CL system was also observed. All these findings demonstrated the possibility of semiconductor nanocrystals induced chemiluminescence to be utilized for more practical applications.     

碲化镉纳米晶的制备及应用

基于自身的量子限域效应、尺寸效应、介电限域效应、宏观量子隧道效应和表面效应,碲化镉(CdTe)纳米晶独特的性质在非线性光学、磁介质、催化、医药及功能材料等方面得到了广泛的应用,并且展现出极为广阔的应用前景,同时对生命科学和信息技术的持续发展以及物质领域的基础研究也产生了深刻的影响。本文以 CdTe 纳米晶为对象,详细介绍了其5种典型的制备方法和应用的最新进展。在制备方面,5种典型的制备方法各有利弊,如何在温和的条件下制备出形貌和尺寸可控的 CdTe 纳米晶仍是一个值得追求的目标。通过自组装技术可以制备形貌独特,性能优异的 CdTe 纳米材料,进而实现 CdTe 半导体纳米器件的研制,具有重要的科学意义,是今后研究的热门方向。在应用方面,CdTe纳米晶不但实现了其在光电器件、生物学等领域的应用,而且将会在这些领域继续深化和延伸,开发出新的应用领域。本文同时对 CdTe 纳米晶的发展趋势也进行了展望。     

CdTe纳米荧光探针的合成及其与DNA的相互作用

以巯基丙酸(RSH)为稳定剂,采用水相法合成了功能性CdTe纳米晶,并通过X射线衍射(XRD)和透射电镜(TEM)对其粒度和形貌进行表征。建立了一种以水溶性CdTe量子点作为荧光探针测定DNA的方法,当DNA浓度为0.2~40μmol.dm-3时,荧光强度与DNA浓度呈良好的线性关系,检测限为80nmol.dm-3,11次重复测定含有5.6μmol.dm-3的小牛胸ctDNA得到的相对标准偏差为3.4%。考察了CdTe量子点浓度、pH值、温度及作用时间等因素对DNA荧光强度的影响。研究发现CdTe纳米粒子与DNA之间存在强烈的相互作用,量子点的荧光猝灭与DNA浓度呈线性关系;作用机理研究表明,CdTe纳米粒子与DNA之间存在静电相互作用,且DNA对CdTe纳米粒子的猝灭为动态猝灭过程。     

碲化镉纳米晶与聚合物复合研究进展

综述了近年来半导体纳米晶CdTe/聚合物复合材料在电致发光器件和复合发光材料方面的研究和应用进展情况,详细介绍了CdTe与水溶性高分子,非水溶性高分子以及生物大分子的复合情况,并展望了其发展前景。     

Synthesis of Aqueous CdTe Nanocrystals with High Efficient Blue‐Green Emission of Exciton

As one of the most popular nanocrystals (NCs), aqueous CdTe NCs have very weak green emission under conventional synthesis conditions. In this work, we report the first example of blue‐emitting CdTe NCs directly synthesized in aqueous solution by slowing down the growth rate after nucleation. The key for the synthesis is the optimization of NC growth conditions, namely pH range of 7.5 to 8.5, TGA/Cd ratio of 3.6, Cd/Te ratio of 10, and Te concentration of 2×10^?5 mol/L, to get a slow growth rate after nucleation. The as‐prepared blue‐emitting CdTe NCs have small size (as small as 1.9 nm) and bright emission [with 4% photoluminescence quantum yield (PL QY) at 486 nm and 17% PLQY at 500 nm]. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of the as‐prepared CdTe show monodispersed NCs which exhibit cubic zinc blend structure. Moreover, time‐resolved PL decay and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results show the as‐prepared NCs have better surface modification by ligand, which makes these luminescent small CdTe NCs have higher photoluminescence quantum yield, compared with NCs synthesized under conventional conditions.