新型水溶性膦铑络合物催化烯烃的氢甲酰化反应研究

新型水溶性膦铑络合物催化烯烃的氢甲酰化反应研究燕远勇，左焕培，金子林（大连理工大学化工学院，大连１１６０１２）关键词烯烃，水溶性膦铑络合催化剂，氢甲酰化，醛．１．前言为克服催化剂的流失和与反应产物的分离困难，近年来均相催化的一个重要进展是开发了以磺化...     

水溶性双金属催化剂在硝基化合物加氢反应中的协同效应

采用水溶性催化剂在两相体系下进行的催化反应既保持了均相催化剂的优点，又可通过简单的相分离达到使产物与催化剂分离的目的［’1．对于水溶性催化剂在两相体系中催化加氢反应，文献中大多采用水溶性铐一瞬、铱一脚和钉一碟络合物为催化剂对a、“不饱和醛、酮、酸等化合物的选择加氢进行考察［’‘．然而对水溶性把一脚络合物催化加氢反应性能研究的报道甚少［‘j．在多相催化中，双（或多）金属的协同效应是常见的现象，但在均相及高分子负载的催化体系中双（或多）金属的协同效应的报道较少［‘］．我们曾报道了高分子负载的Pd／RU双…     

水/有机两相体系中催化氧化反应的研究进展

论述了水／有机两相体系中催化氧化反应的一些最新进展。由于采用水溶性催化剂，使得水／有机两相体系中的催化反应具有催化剂与产物容易分离的优点。阐述了水溶性催化剂在催化氧化反应中的应用，列举了一些典型的水溶性配体、水溶性催化剂以及催化氧化反应实例。参考文献21篇。     

水溶性膦配体的合成及进展

水溶性膦配体的合成及进展郑晓来，王艳华，左焕培（大连理工大学，大连１１６０１２）关键词水溶性膦配体，均相络合催化，水／有机两相反应１．前言贵金属催化剂的分离回收问题一直是均相络合催化研究领域的一个热点。近年来，水／有机两相催化体系（Ａｑｕｅｏｕｓ／ｏ...     

以壳聚糖为介质的Ni-B非晶态合金倩胀石墨的制备及其催化加氢性能

以膨胀石墨担载壳聚糖，采用金属诱导化学镀法制备了负载型Ni—B非晶态合金催化剂．通过X射线衍射、电感耦合等离子体发射光谱、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜和选区电子衍射等技术研究了壳聚糖对Ni-B催化剂非晶性质、组成、形貌、粒径及分散度的影响．以环丁烯砜加氢制环丁砜和对氯硝基苯加氢制对氯苯胺为探针反应，考察了壳聚糖对负载型Ni-B非晶态合金催化剂催化性质的影响，讨论了壳聚糖用量及水溶性壳聚糖的相对分子质量对催化剂性质的影响．结果表明，壳聚糖介质的引入能够提高活性组分的分散度，减小活性组分的粒径，从而明显提高了催化剂的催化加氢活性．当壳聚糖在载体表面形成单层分散时催化剂活性最高．分子质量相对较低的水溶性壳聚糖有利于生成粒径小、分散性好和催化活性高的Ni—B非晶态合金催化剂．     

金属络合物的相转移催化分析与分离

以可简单分离回收、可反复使用为目标，详细介绍了相转移催化的变化发展过 程．通过对溶剂的选择，使得催化剂选择性地溶解在某一液相中，而使产物溶解在 另一液相中，如水-有机两相催化体系；通过温度的变化，简单地实现了在较高温 度下反应为均相体系以提高催化剂的活性，而在较低温度下实现了催化剂与产物不 相溶使得催化剂得以简单分离，如温控型水-有机两相催化体系、氟-有机两相催化 体系、温控型含氟催化剂、温控型有机金属催化剂等．     

温控相转移配体及催化(Ⅴ)——单,双-对聚氧乙烯基三苯基膦的合成及其催化性能研究

近年来,水／有机两相催化已成为均相催化多相化研究的主流［１］．其中,新型水溶性膦配体的合成和两相催化新体系的设计尤为引人关注［２］．最近我们发现［３］,聚醚型水溶性膦－铑催化剂在高温下可溶入有机相对反应进行催化,而在冷却后又重返水相和产物分离．本文通...     

环钯-[PPh4]Br体系催化氯代芳烃的Heck芳基化反应研究

以氯代芳烃为底物，季鏻盐[PPh4]Br为助催化剂，用于环钯催化的Heek芳基化反应．结果表明，在环钯-[PPh4]Br催化体系中，以Na2CO3作为碱性试剂，使用0．3mol％Pd的环钯催化剂催化氯苯的Heek反应，就可得到比较高的产率（88％）和转化率（90％）．对于大部分卤代芳烃Heck反应而言，环钯-[PPh4]Br是一种有效的催化体系，即使是对含推电子基团的不活泼的氯代芳烃，在此体系中也能获得比较好的结果．此外，文中还探讨了反应温度、[PPh4]Br／Pd比值及催化剂回用对反应活性的影响．     

聚乙二醇-水反应介质中长链烯烃的氢甲酰化反应

以聚乙二醇(PEG)为反应介质,考察了水溶性铑膦络合物RhCl(CO)(TPPTS)2 (TPPTS为间-三苯基膦三磺酸钠)对长链烯烃氢甲酰化反应的催化性能. 结果表明,添加适量的水于PEG中对催化剂活性有重要影响. 以PEG-400-H2O为溶剂的催化体系对 1-十二烯氢甲酰化反应的催化活性较高,在100 ℃, 5 0 MPa的优化条件下, 1-十二烯的转化率可达到92 6%, 生成醛的选择性为95 8%. 反应完成后,含水溶性铑膦络合物的PEG-水溶液与含产物的有机相分离方便,易于实现催化剂的循环使用,催化剂重复使用8次,未观察到活性和选择性下降.     

温控相转移配体及催化(V)——单,双-对聚氧乙烯基三苯基膦的合成及其催化性能研究

近年来,水/有机两相催化已成为均相催化多相化研究的主流[1].其中,新型水溶性瞵配体的合成和两相催化新体系的设计尤为引人关注[2].最近我们发现[3],聚醚型水溶性膦-铑催化剂在高温下可溶入有机相对反应进行催化,而在冷却后又重返水相和产物分离.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.