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1.
以体积分数为60%的乙醇处理制得不溶性再生丝素膜, 通过碳二亚胺法将Cecropin B抗菌肽共价接枝到丝素膜表面, 利用红外光谱、扫描电镜、X射线能谱和抗菌性测试等手段对制得的丝素膜结构和表面特性及其抗菌性能进行了测试分析. 结果表明, Cecropin B抗菌肽成功地接枝到了丝素膜的表面, 接枝后的丝素膜水溶性低, 并具有良好、 持久的抗菌能力.  相似文献   

2.
微生物感染已经成为人类健康的第一杀手,同时给人们带来了巨大的经济损失,特别是在公共医疗卫生、食品安全等方面。使用抗菌剂是防治微生物滋生和繁殖的有效手段。与无机抗菌剂、有机抗菌剂和天然抗菌剂相比,抗菌聚合物因其有效官能团密度高、低毒、长效等优点,正成为目前科研的热点。本文介绍了抗菌聚合物的制备方法、分类和抗菌机理,并基于近五年来的文献资料,综述了在医疗领域、食品领域和纺织领域中抗菌聚合物的研究进展。  相似文献   

3.
刺激响应型微胶囊由于具有独有的高稳定性、多功能性、膜结构的可调性、以及对不同芯材的运送能力,在药物封装和释放、人造细胞、催化、化学传感器等领域具有广阔的应用前景.本文综述了近年来不同刺激响应型复合微胶囊的可控释放的研究进展,包括温敏型、pH响应型、磁响应型、生物响应型、电响应型,以及光响应型微胶囊,根据释放机理的不同着重对光响应型微胶囊的释放过程进行了总结,并对微胶囊可控释放在未来的发展趋势进行了展望.  相似文献   

4.
星形聚合物是从一个枝化点呈放射形连接出三条及三条以上线形链的一类具有特殊拓扑结构的聚合物.与组成和分子量相同的线形聚合物相比,星形聚合物具有明确的结构、较窄的分子量分布、较低的黏度和多功能性,已成为高分子领域的研究热点之一.引入刺激响应基团的刺激响应星形聚合物具有随外界环境变化而发生敏感调整的结构特征,并在药物可控释放方面具有重要的应用价值,受到广泛关注.本文总结现阶段刺激响应星形聚合物应用于药物可控释放方面的最新研究成果,主要根据不同的环境刺激信号进行分类,分别介绍了pH、温度、双重或多重刺激响应星形聚合物的合成方法,分析其在溶液中的自组装行为、刺激响应情况和药物可控释放功能,并对相关聚合物体系的改进和发展进行展望.  相似文献   

5.
智能型蠕虫状胶束体系是指宏观性能随着外界环境条件的微小变化而发生明显改变的胶束体系,是智能型胶体材料和软物质的重要组成部分。本文按照“体系组成-微观结构-宏观性能”的思路分别介绍了具有温度、光、pH和氧化还原响应的智能型蠕虫状胶束体系的组成、性能及响应机理,并展望了其发展前景。  相似文献   

6.
两亲性阳离子聚合物在抗细菌感染,尤其是抵抗细菌耐药、突破细菌生物膜障碍中发挥着重要作用。为了进一步增加阳离子聚合物与细菌等病原体的相互作用,在提高杀菌效率的同时提高生物相容性,研究者们设计与制备了一系列具有优良性能的阳离子聚合物。本文综述了近年来新型阳离子聚合物的设计、制备及其在抗病原体方面的应用,讨论了不同阳离子聚合物的作用机理与特点,并对该领域所面临的挑战进行了展望。  相似文献   

7.
生物材料相关感染(Biomaterials-Associated Infection,BAI)由致病菌在其表面黏附、增殖并形成生物被膜引起。在生物材料表面构建具有抗菌功能的涂层从而预防或治疗感染具有显著的临床价值。本文综述了近年来多肽/蛋白质基的生物材料表面抗菌涂层的研究进展,阐述了BAI的发生机制,总结了抗菌涂层的作用方式、类别,讨论了抗菌涂层的设计原则和构建方法,并展望了多肽/蛋白质基的生物材料表面抗菌涂层的未来研究方向。  相似文献   

8.
基于生物刺激源的响应性聚合物及其可控自组装   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
基于生物刺激源的响应性大分子自组装体系对智能聚合物领域的发展具有重要的意义。本文回顾并综述了近年来在该领域内针对生物大分子及各种小分子作为刺激源的大分子自组装体系及其研究现状。依据不同类型的刺激源进行分类,论述了近年来的研究进展,并合理展望了该领域未来的发展前景。  相似文献   

9.
碳纳米管和石墨烯是碳纳米材料的典型代表,其纳米尺度赋予了其优异的光、电、热以及机械性能。然而,这些碳纳米材料间存在较强的范德华力,导致其溶解性差,后续加工处理困难。为提高碳纳米材料的溶解性,通常利用聚合物或其它小分子物质对其进行修饰。而利用刺激响应性聚合物或化合物功能化碳纳米材料,不仅可以提高其溶解性,还可以赋予其环境刺激响应功能。本文主要综述了近年来利用温度、pH、光以及CO2响应聚合物或小分子化合物对碳纳米管和石墨烯进行共价键、非共价键修饰并赋予其环境刺激响应特性的方法、功能和相关应用,展望了修饰得到的纳米碳杂化材料的应用前景及下一步发展方向。  相似文献   

10.
纳米抗菌材料是防止细菌等致病微生物对人们生产、生活的破坏而发展起来的一类新型材料.在纳米抗菌材料的众多制备方法中,静电纺丝是一种成本低,工艺可控的技术,制备的纳米纤维具有比表面积大、孔隙率高、纤维均匀等特点.本文作者首先简述了静电纺丝技术以及该技术制备纳米抗菌纤维材料的特点;接着按照菌剂种类不同,对静电纺丝技术制备的抗菌纤维材料进行归类,将其分为无机抗菌纤维材料、天然抗菌纤维材料和复合抗菌纤维材料3类,并对其研究进展进行了评述;最后对静电纺丝技术制备纳米抗菌纤维的研究现状进行了总结与展望.  相似文献   

11.
  总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
Research on mesoporous materials for biomedical purposes has experienced an outstanding increase during recent years. Since 2001, when MCM-41 was first proposed as drug-delivery system, silica-based materials, such as SBA-15 or MCM-48, and some metal-organic frameworks have been discussed as drug carriers and controlled-release systems. Mesoporous materials are intended for both systemic-delivery systems and implantable local-delivery devices. The latter application provides very promising possibilities in the field of bone-tissue repair because of the excellent behavior of these materials as bioceramics. This Minireview deals with the advances in this field by the control of the textural parameters, surface functionalization, and the synthesis of sophisticated stimuli-response systems.  相似文献   

12.
    
Previous couplings of corrosion inhibitors to redox‐responsive polymers via covalent bonding suffer from several drawbacks. It is presented here novel redox‐responsive polymer‐corrosion inhibitor conjugates that contain self‐immolative linkers in their side chains. Very fast redox‐induced release of tryptamine, a drug and a corrosion inhibitor, is observed after applying a reductive trigger.  相似文献   

13.
本文综述了智能聚合物包覆的金纳米粒子的研究进展,重点介绍了智能聚合物包覆金纳米粒子的制备方法,包括原位合成法、配体置换法、表面引发聚合法和表面接枝聚合法等,以及智能聚合物包覆的金纳米粒子的智能响应类型,如温度敏感型、pH敏感型、pH/电解质双重敏感型、pH/温度双重敏感型、溶剂敏感型等。  相似文献   

14.
    
Life is polymeric in its essence. The living cell contains a range of biopolymers such as proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids. The cells are often compartmentalized via membranes that are composed of lipids. These are small molecules, but they spontaneously aggregate into supermolecular structures. The building blocks of these lipids are among others fatty acids, structures built from methylene oligomers. Biopolymers are sensitive to external stimuli. There are examples where the molecules show a highly non‐linear response to external stimuli. This is seen as moderate changes in structural properties in response to changes in an external parameter until a critical point is reached where a dramatic change in molecular properties takes place upon an incremental change in the external conditions. After the transition, the system responds poorly to further changes. Such non‐linear responses contribute to dramatic cooperative conformational changes leading to strong effects in the biological system. The strong response is an integrated effect of many weak interactions, and it is the cooperativity between all these interactions that are the driving forces for processes occurring in such systems. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2011  相似文献   

15.
    
Antibacterial coating is rapidly emerging as a pivotal strategy for mitigating spread of bacterial pathogens. However, many challenges still need to be overcome in order to develop a smart coating that can achieve on‐demand antibacterial effects. In this study, a Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) sensitive peptide sequence is designed, and an antibiotic is then conjugated with this tailor‐made peptide. The antibiotic‐peptide conjugate is then linked to the surface of a titanium implant, where the peptide can be recognized and cleaved by an enzyme secreted by S. aureus. This allows for the release of antibiotics in the presence of S. aureus, thus achieving delivery of an antibacterial specifically when an infection occurs.  相似文献   

16.
    
Here, we design a novel triple‐stimuli‐sensitive graft copolymer assembly which responds to the changes in temperature, reducing agent, and light. The graft copolymer consists of thermo‐responsive tetraethylene glycolyl poly(trimethylene carbonate) (P(MTC‐4EG)) as backbone and light‐sensitive poly(2‐nitrobenzyl methacrylate) (PNBM) as side chain linked by an intervening disulfide bond. In aqueous solution, the polymer can self‐assemble into micelle with thermo‐sensitive shell (P(MTC‐4EG)), light‐sensitive core (PNBM), and disulfide linker. The assemblies in response to stimuli were revealed by dynamic light scatting (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The drug release behaviors of Nile Red (NR)‐loaded carriers were also valued with stimuli from temperature, reducing agent, and light. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016 , 54, 3583–3592  相似文献   

17.
18.
    
The characteristics of tissue engineered scaffolds are major concerns in the quest to fabricate ideal scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. The polymer scaffolds employed for tissue engineering applications should possess multifunctional properties such as biocompatibility, biodegradability and favorable mechanical properties as it comes in direct contact with the body fluids in vivo. Additionally, the polymer system should also possess biomimetic architecture and should support stem cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. As the progress in polymer technology continues, polymeric biomaterials have taken characteristics more closely related to that desired for tissue engineering and clinical needs. Stimuli responsive polymers also termed as smart biomaterials respond to stimuli such as pH, temperature, enzyme, antigen, glucose and electrical stimuli that are inherently present in living systems. This review highlights the exciting advancements in these polymeric systems that relate to biological and tissue engineering applications. Additionally, several aspects of technology namely scaffold fabrication methods and surface modifications to confer biological functionality to the polymers have also been discussed. The ultimate objective is to emphasize on these underutilized adaptive behaviors of the polymers so that novel applications and new generations of smart polymeric materials can be realized for biomedical and tissue engineering applications.

  相似文献   


19.
    
A novel type of pH- and thermo-responsive copolymer, chitosan-graft-poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (chitosan-g-PNVCL), was prepared by grafting carboxyl-terminated poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (PNVCL-COOH) chains onto a chitosan backbone as a drug-delivery carrier. The formation of chitosan-g-PNVCL was confirmed by FT-IR and 1H NMR techniques. Chitosan-g-PNVCL showed a definite phase transition at 32 degrees C as occurs in pure PNVCL. The swelling degree of the chitosan-g-PNVCL beads was found to be higher at pH 2.2 than at pH 7.4. Moreover, the swelling degree of the beads decreased with increased environmental temperature. Compared to the chitosan beads, the release profile of chitosan-g-PNVCL beads showed a slower and more controlled release of the entrapped ketoprofen. The release behavior of the chitosan-g-PNVCL beads was influenced by both the pH and temperature of the medium. The MTT assay showed no obvious cytotoxicity of chitosan-g-PNVCL against a human endothelial cell line over a concentration range of 0-400 microg x mL(-1). These results suggest that chitosan-g-PNVCL could be a potential stimuli-responsive material for controlled drug delivery, and it may improve the bioavailability, efficacy, and compliance of the encapsulated drugs. [Reaction: see text].  相似文献   

20.
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