共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
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采用高能电子束辐照方法获得了一系列从20kGy到1000kGy大剂量辐照范围的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维(UHMWPE fiber)。通过凝胶含量测试和溶胶流变性能测试定性和定量表征了辐照过程的交联和裂解效应,利用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)表征了辐照产物的结晶性能,并且利用热机械分析仪(TMA)表征了辐照纤维在高温恒温条件下的热尺寸稳定性。结果表明,高能电子束辐照对于UHMWPE纤维具有交联和裂解两种作用;大剂量辐照下会造成纤维熔点和熔融热焓降低,法线方向晶粒平均尺寸有明显变小;辐照交联大大提高了纤维的热尺寸稳定性。 相似文献
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高密度聚乙烯粉末的电子束辐射接枝王勇,黄劲,李瑞海(成都科技大学纺织工学院,成都610065)(成都科技大学高分子材料系610065)关键词:HDPE粉末,电子束辐射,接枝聚合本文采用电子束予辐射法使聚乙烯粉末表面产生活性中心,然后通过液-固相接枝共... 相似文献
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用红外光谱、DSC、SAXS和WAXD等方法考察了辐照5MGy后的聚乙烯单晶在退火前后的结构变化,对比未辐照样品在同样条件下的变化,提出在90℃以下和105℃聚乙烯有不同的退火机理,辐照引起的交联和晶区结构损伤,限制了退火对晶体结构的改善程度. 相似文献
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等离子体辐照的聚乙烯表面接枝交联共聚合 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
聚合物利用低温等离子体预辐照进行表面接枝共聚合已有报道.此方法的优点是接枝层被限制在聚合物表面,辐照过程对基材本体性质无影响,且整个过程对环境无污染. 用等离子体使聚合物表面产生自由基,不需要表面具有不饱和键或特殊官能团,因而适用于任何聚合物,甚至于一些无机物如玻璃等.利用等离子辐照后暴露于空气的聚合物表面上生成的过氧自由基或过氧化物进行接枝反应,一般接枝量不大.本工作中,我们自己设计了反应器,以超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)为基材,以甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)为接枝单体,在无氧条件下利用等离子体辐照产生的表面自由基进行了接枝聚合,产物接枝量高达10%.还用顺磁共振技术对表面自由基性质及其在接枝过程中的行为进行了跟踪研究. 相似文献
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辐照聚乙烯的熔融和重结晶 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用差示扫描量热法(DSC),小角X-射线散射(SAXS),广角X-射线衍(WAXD)等考察了辐照聚乙烯的熔融和重结晶,辐照破坏了聚乙烯结晶结构,使其熔融温度、结晶度均随辐照剂量的增加而降低,将辐聚乙烯熔融再结晶,其重结晶度、熔融温度随辐照剂量而下降的幅度较大,其原因被归结为片晶劈裂。 相似文献
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采用混合晶红外光谱、X-射线衍射及小角散射、差示扫描量热法研究γ-射线辐照对溶液生长聚乙烯单晶的影响,表明γ-射线辐照在单晶的规则折叠区也引起了不可忽视的结构缺陷或畸变。 相似文献
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对电子束辐照交联并经溶剂抽提得到的炭黑/高密度聚乙烯(CB/HDPE)凝胶复合物的阻温特性进行了研究.结果表明,凝胶复合物与未抽提的交联试样和未交联试样相比,其PTC强度显著增大,并伴有明显的NTC现象.经热冷循环后,表现出很好的阻温特性稳定性,并且NTC现象消失.表明阻温特性的稳定性及NTC现象的消除强烈依赖于CB/HDPE导电复合材料凝聚态结构的稳定性 相似文献
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本文以聚乙二醇(PEG)为相变材料,通过添加不同的无机填料,采用熔融共混浇筑方式制备了导热增强型相变复合材料。 通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、热常数分析仪、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、红外热成像和热重分析仪研究了所制备复合材料的微观结构、导热性能与相变过程。 研究结果表明,相比于碳酸钙和氧化铝,在相同添加含量下,氮化硼(BN)可有效提高PEG的导热系数,当BN质量分数为40%时,导热系数可达到3.40 W/(m·K);当填料添加量相同时,片状BN和不规则纳米碳酸钙(CaCO3)比球形氧化铝(Al2O3)对PEG具有更加优良的定型效果,在相变过程中,能够更加有效阻隔PEG的流动,保持复合材料的形状稳定性。 相似文献
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本文采用熔融共混浇筑的方法制备了聚乙二醇/氮化硼(PEG/BN)相变复合材料,并研究了不同尺度片状BN对相变复合材料导热性能和结晶行为的影响。 通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、热常数分析仪、红外热成像分析仪和差示扫描量热仪(DSC)研究了相变复合材料的微观形貌、导热系数和相变过程,并利用莫志深法对DSC结果进行了非等温结晶动力学分析。 结果表明,较大片状直径(50 μm)的BN可以更有效地提高聚乙二醇的导热系数,当BN填料质量分数为40%时,相变复合材料的导热系数可达到5.04 W/(m·K)。 在快速降温条件下,片径为50 μm的BN填料可以缩短PEG的半结晶时间,提高结晶速率,使相变复合材料具有较大的相变焓。 相似文献
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SHI Chengying YANG Jiayu LIU Yang WANG Yanmiao XU Wenge XU Yiquan HU Wei LIU Baijun 《高等学校化学研究》2020,36(5):940-945
The surface-modified Al2O3 particles were introduced into polyethylene(PE) to enhance the thermal conductivity, and PE/Al2O3 cross-linked networks with improved thermal and mechanical properties were prepared through electron beam(EB) irradiation technology. The incorporation of reactive irradiation sensitizer was useful in fabricating a high degree of cross-linking(DC) PE networks under a low irradiation dose. In the PE sample containing 2% sensitizer, DC ca.67.1% could be obtained under 60 kGy(1 kGy=1000 J/kg). EB-irradiation greatly improved the tensile stress of PE-based samples, and the tensile stresses of the samples with 0.2%-5% TMPTA(trimethylolpro-pane triacrylate) under 60 kGy were 24.61-27.77 MPa. All the EB-irradiated samples had higher Vicat softening temperatures than the samples without irradiation. After treatment at 120 kGy, the Vicat softening temperatures of PE-Al2O3-44/TMPTA-2 increased from 127℃ to 130.4℃. SEM images revealed that PE-Al2O3-50 samples with increased amount of Al2O3 particles showed a conduction "pathway," and thermal conductivity reached 0.67 W/(m·K). Thus, high-performance pipes were extruded, which could satisfy the static hydraulic blasting test and exhibit improved thermal conduction capability. 相似文献
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通过溶液共混技术成功制备了一系列聚乙二醇功能化石墨烯(GO-PEG)填充的聚乙二醇4000(PEG4000)基纳米复合材料.利用红外(FT-IR)、X衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、热重(TG)及玻璃化转变温度(Tg)等表征手段详细研究了复合材料的结构和热性能.结果表明:GO-PEG可均匀分散在聚合物基体中,纳米复合材料呈层状结构;组分间的较强界面相互作用协同增强了纳米复合材料的热稳定性能.最终提出了层状纳米复合材料的形成过程及机理. 相似文献
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多壁碳纳米管填充高密度聚乙烯复合材料的导电特性 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
自20世纪90年代Iijima发现碳纳米管(Carbon nanotubes,CNTs)以来,由于其独特的力学性能、电学性能和极高的纵横比,使CNTs在纳米电子器件、催化剂载体、电极材料、储氢材料等方面的应用取得了引人注目的进展,迄今,CNTs填充高分子复合材料的研究主要集中在力学增强以及光学性能的改进方面,其制备方法主要是溶液法和原位聚合方法, 相似文献
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Optimization of the Thermal Radiation Extinction of Silicon Carbide in a Silica Powder Matrix 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In order to optimize the infrared extinction of a SiC-powder in a silica powder matrix, Mie scattering calculations for spherical
SiC-particles have been performed. A single oscillator-model was applied to calculate the optical constants of SiC. Taking
into account the particle size distribution of a commercially available SiC-powder, its wavelength dependent extinction coefficient
was calculated. The result is in very good agreement with the extinction spectrum of the powder derived by infrared optically
measurements. Mie scattering theory also was used to find the optimum mean SiC-particle diameter of a mixture of 20% SiC-powder
and 80% silica powder.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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The thermal conductivities of unidirectional gel-spun polyethylene fiber-reinforced composites have been measured parallel (K∥?) and perpendicular (K⊥) to the fiber axis from 15 to 300K. The axial thermal conductivity K∥? varies linearly with volume fraction vf of fiber, while the transverse thermal conductivity K⊥ follows the Halpin-Tsai equation. Extrapolation to vf = 1 gives the thermal conductivity of gel-spun polyethylene fiber which, at 300K, has values of 380 and 3.3 mW cm?1K?1 along and perpendicular to the fiber axis, respectively. The axial thermal conductivity is exceptionally high for polymers, and is more than twice the thermal conductivity of stainless steel. This high value arises from the presence of a large fraction of long (> 50 nm) extended chain crystals in the fiber. Further improvement of up to a factor of 10 is possible if the length and volume fraction of the extended chain crystals can be increased. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
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Jean François Feller Patrick Glouannec Patrick Salagnac Guillaume Droval Philippe Chauvelon 《Macromolecular Symposia》2005,222(1):187-194
PP-carbon CPC show interesting thermo-electrical properties, smooth resistivity increase with temperature up to 150°C and consequently high power dissipation on a wide temperature range. The addition of short carbon fibers to PP already formulated with carbon black increases sharply the electrical conductivity of the CPC but does not have much influence on thermal conductivity as it could have been expected from the favorable aspect ratio of the fibers. The simulations of the thermo-electrical behavior of the CPC under tension put into evidence a temperature gradient at high heat flux due to the low thermal conductivity, which may damage the material itself. 相似文献