等高变截面梁冲击动荷系数计算的研究

从能量守恒原理入手,分析了等高变截面（等强度）梁在受冲击物冲击并发生完全非弹性碰撞时的能量损失。最后给出了在计入梁的自身质量时动荷系数计算公式。     

冲击动载荷系数的一般形式

本文采用振动分析方法导出了冲击载荷系数的一般表达式,并结合算例进行验证     

一种冲击动应力的实验系统与结果分析

为探究以材料力学理论为基础的冲击动应力问题实际与理论结果的差别程度,设计开发了冲击动应力实验装置,并测量了重锤在不同冲击高度下冲击悬臂梁的动荷系数. 同时利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA 软件对同一问题进行了数值模拟. 动荷系数模拟结果与实验值的相对差不超过3.1%,与理论值相对差在14%～23%之间. 实验和数值模拟起到相互印证的作用. 这一结论加强了对冲击动应力问题的模型、理论和误差范围的理解,在实际应用中有助于对误差范围的判断.     

压弯杆件的动荷性能分析

研究了在轴向动力荷载作用下压弯构件的动力特征，根据压弯构件的动力平衡方程，导出了不同横向荷载形式下的振幅计算公式，分析了横向荷载对杆件动力性能的影响，根据理论研究成果提出了在实际工程中减小杆件振幅的一些措施．     

土中爆炸地冲击能量分布研究

利用数值模拟方法研究了土中装药不同埋设深度爆炸能量分布问题,通过试验得到了耦合系数数据。给出了自由场条件下,封闭爆炸最小比例埋深为2.0 m/kg1/3,这与美军设计规范TM5-855-1中的数据0.56 m/kg1/3相差较大,分析了产生差异的可能原因。并指出本文中给出的冲量型耦合系数与TM5-855-1中的应力型耦合系数是有所区别的,应该注意其使用范围和对象。     

斜面结构冰荷载的动荷效应

利用改进的刚性梁模型进行了斜面结构冰荷载的动荷效应，推导了冰力的动荷系统，算例得到了与模型试验值和数值解相近的结果，依据分析对试验观察到的规律给出了理论上的证明和定性的解释，给出了准静态冰力条件的判别式。     

复合材料板受低速冲击时能量吸收的实验研究

利用落锤装置，对玻纤／环氧和碳纤／环氧两种复合材料层合板进行了低速低能量的冲击实验研究。利用传感器技术记录了落锤冲击板过程中速度随时间变化曲线，计算了冲击动能和材料损伤时的能量吸收。通过数学处理得到了冲击载荷和冲击点位移随时间变化曲线。还对多次冲击的能量吸收问题进行了实验研究。     

大间隙环流中偏心转子动特性系数的数值分析方法

基于作者用整体流动理论和Moody壁面摩擦系数方程建立的大间隙环流中转子动特性系数数值计算模型,应用摄动方法推导了大间隙环流流场非线性控制方程组的一阶摄动方程,提出了求解大间隙环流中偏心转子动力学特性系数的数值分析方法。用该方法得到的数值结果与已有的解析解和实验结果具有较好的一致性。     

受冲击弹性圆板动应力集中的数值计算

1 引言在纵向冲击载荷作用下,圆柱体及圆板内产生的应力波经传播及在其自由表面上的反射,将使其某些局部产生动应力集中,进而导致脆性破坏.Kolsky 曾通过冲击实验对此问题进行了较为系统的研究.笔者曾通过数值计算分析了Kolsky 的试验中圆柱内产生的各应力成分的变化情况及动应力集中现象.求得的动应力集中的发生位置同Kolsky的试验结果基本一致.本文采用同样的数值计算方法,以立体图形表示了受冲击弹性圆板中发生动应力集中的部位,并研究了不同的冲击载荷及其作用范围,圆板的尺寸及材料特性等因素对动应力集中的发生及其发生部位的影响.     

The general derivation of Ritz method and Trefftz method in elastomechanics

This paper derives the Ritz method and Trefftz method in linear elastomechanis with the help of general mathematical expressions. Thus it is proved that Ritz method gives the upper bound of the corresponding functional extremurn, while Trefftz method gives its lower bound. At the same time it has been found that the eigenvalue problem (e.g. thenatural frequency problem) concerning the functional variational method in Trefftz method is in concord with the lower bound method of the loosened boundary condition which seeks for the eigenvalue. Of course, the results of this derivation are also applicable to the sort of functional variational method of which Euler’s equation is linear positive definite.     

THE METHOD OF DERIVATION OF MAC－MILLAN＇S EQUATION FOR THE NON－LINEAR NON－HOLONOMIC SYSTEM

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A general scheme for the derivation of evolution equations describing mixed nonlinearity

We examine hyperbolic, quasilinear systems in which the usual quadratic nonlinearity coefficient may be positive or negative depending on the undisturbed state of the medium. A general multiple-scales technique is developed which is capable of determining the evolution equations governing small disturbances to a state which lies close to that where the quadratic nonlinearity coefficient vanishes. The resultant equation contains both quadratic and cubic nonlinearity and describes the mixed nonlinearity inherent in such systems. Extensions to weakly dissipative or weakly dispersive systems are provided as are examples illustrating applications to electromagnetics and solid and fluid mechanics.     

On the derivation of structural models with general thermomechanical prestress

The vibrating behaviour of thin structures is affected by prestress states. Hence, the effects of thermal prestress are important research subjects in view of ambient vibration monitoring of civil structures. The interaction between prestress, geometrically non-linear behaviour, as well as damping and its coupling with the aforementioned phenomena has to be taken into account for a comprehensive understanding of the structural behaviour. Since the literature on this subject lacks a clear procedure to derive models of thin prestressed and damped structures from 3D continuum mechanics, this paper presents a new derivation of models for thin structures accounting for generic prestress, moderate rotations and viscous damping. Although inspired by classical approaches, the proposed procedure is quite different, because of (i) the definition of a modified Hu–Washizu (H-W) functional, accounting for stress constraints associated with Lagrange multipliers, in order to derive lower-dimensional models in a convenient way; (ii) an original definition of a (mechanical and thermal) strain measure and a rotation measure enabling one to identify the main terms in the strain energy and to derive a cascade of lower-dimensional models (iii) a new definition of “strain–rotation domains” providing a clear interpretation of the classical assumptions of “small perturbations” and “small strains and moderate rotations”; (iv) the introduction of a pseudo-potential with stress constraints to account for viscous damping. The proposed procedure is applied to thin beams.     

THE GENERAL METHOD FOR SOLVING DYNAMIC PROBLEMS

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A tensor method for the derivation of the equations of rigid body dynamics

A tensor method for the derivation of the equations of rigid body dynamics,based onthe concepts of continuum mechanics,is presented.The formula of time derivative of theinertia tensor with zero corotational rate is used to prove the equivalences of five methods,namely,Lagrange’s equations,Nielsen’s equations,Gibbs-Appell’s equations,Kane’sequations and the generalized momentum type of Kane’s equations.Some differentialidentities on angular velocity and angular acceleration are given.     

Differential derivation of momentum and energy equations in electroelasticity

This paper presents a derivation of the equations of linear momentum, angular momentum, and energy of an electroelastic body using a composite particle consisting of two differential elements based on Tiersten's two-continuum model. The differential derivation shows the physics involved in a way different from the integral approach in the literature. Like the integral approach, it also produces the expressions of the electric body force, couple, and power which are fundamental to the development of the nonlinear macroscopic theory of an electroelastic body.     

Application of general constitutive principles to the derivation of multidimensional two-phase flow equations

The process of determining appropriate constitutive equations for multidimensional time averaged two-phase flow equations is studied from the point of view of starting from general principles, and proceeding to specific constitutive equations which contain known physical effects. Energetic effects and phase change are not considered. Models are given for the interfacial momentum transfer, the laminar and turbulent (Reynolds) stresses, and the pressure differences between the phases, and between a given phase pressure and the interfacial average pressure.     

A new method for measuring impulsive force at contact parts

A simple method has been devised for measuring the impulsive force generated at a contact part. Special sensing plates are used to produce an effect equivalent to the embedment of small strain gages in a solid. This method is effective for measuring the impulsive force directly and sensitively, it is almost entirely free from the disturbance caused by interference with reflected waves. It is even effective for the case in which an elastic-plastic deformation may occur at the contact part and the contact area may vary with time.     

基于Hamilton体系的弹性力学问题的比例边界有限元方法

比例边界有限元方法是求解偏微分方程的一种半解析半数值解法。对于弹性力学问题,可采用基于力学相似性、基于比例坐标相似变换的加权余量法和虚功原理得到以位移为未知量的系统控制方程,属于Lagrange体系。但在求解时,又引入了表面力为未知量,控制方程属于Hamilton体系。因而,本文提出在比例边界有限元离散方法的基础上,利...