Crown-ether annelated dithiadiazafulvalenes

The synthetic approaches towards crown-ether annelated dithiadiazafulvalenes (DTDAF) are described. As evidenced by electrochemistry, the reaction of N,N′-bridged-bisthiazolium salts in basic medium favors the formation of the DTDAF via an intramolecular coupling while the reaction of N,N′-bridged-bisthiazoline selone with trivalent phosphorus derivative leads to the donor core via an intermolecular coupling. The complexation of various metal cations on these crown-ether annelated DTDAF is investigated by electrochemistry.     

Trithiaazafulvalene: a promising building block between tetrathiafulvalene and dithiadiazafulvalene

[reaction: see text] New electroactive building blocks, the trithiaazafulvalenes (TTAFs), were synthesized. These redox-active molecules, intermediate between tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) and dithiadiazafulvalene (DTDAF), show promising features for the elaboration of molecular materials.     

三、四唑高能离子盐的研究概况

为满足火炸药等领域对多功能含能材料的需求,高生成焓、高密度、钝感、稳定和环境友好的三、四唑高能离子盐的研究受到广泛关注。 本文综述了10年来三唑和四唑高能离子盐的合成及性能研究概况,为含能离子盐的研究提供参考。     

Thermoanalytical properties of analytical-grade reagents-IVA: sodium salts

Thirteen sodium salts have been investigated derivatographically. The weight change, rate of weight change and enthalpy change of the salts have been measured as a function of temperature. The temperatures at which the salts may be dried without decomposition are given. Some of the curves are explained in terms of the effects of heat and gaseous products on the structure of the salts.     

生物表面活性剂胆汁盐胶束化及相行为

生物表面活性剂胆汁盐类以其在生物体内重要的生理功能及不同于传统表面活性剂独特的结构特点在众多领域引起了广泛的关注。本文对国内外关于胆汁盐类表面活性剂的胶束结构、表面吸附行为及胆汁盐在水溶液中的聚集体行为的研究成果进行了综述。同时,对胆汁盐与传统表面活性剂、双尾表面活性剂及天然脂类表面活性剂的相互作用以及聚集体的形成、胆汁盐诱导聚集体结构转变等方面的研究成果也进行了综述。     

Complex triarylsulfonium salt photoinitiators. II. The preparation of several new complex triarylsulfonium salts and the influence of their structure in photoinitiated cationic polymerization

Complex triarylsulfonium salts bearing the thiophenoxy chromophore have been synthesized. The effects of the position of attachment of the thiophenoxy group on the rate of photolysis and in the photoinitiated cationic polymerization of various monomers have been investigated. Other salts in which the thiophenoxy group has been oxidized to the sulfoxide and the sulfone also were prepared to examine the effects of the oxidation state of the sulfur-bearing chromophore on the efficiencies in photoinitiated cationic polymerization. All complex salts having extended conjugation not impeded through positional isomerization or blocked through oxidation of the thiophenoxy chromophore are more reactive than the corresponding triphenylsulfonium salts in cationic polymerization.     

Tetraalkylammonium cations in electron impact mass spectrometry

Twenty-five tetraalkylammonium halide salts were investigated by means of electron impact mass spectrometry. In all cases, corresponding ammonium cations have been detected at low electron energy. Moreover, [C+M]⁺ have been detected (where C and M denote ammonium cation and molecule, respectively) for both symmetrical salts and iodine salts. Quaternary ammonium salts are considered to be more stable than believed previously.     

The azo coupling of 1-aryl quaternary salts of lepidine and quinaldine and some properties of the reaction products

A series of formazans has been obtained by the coupling of 1-aryllepidinium and 1-arylquinaldinium salts with diazonium salts. The formazans have been converted by oxidation into tetrazolium salts and by the action of acids into benzotriazines. The absorption spectra in the visible region have been measured in neutral, alkaline, and acid media.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, Vol. 6, No. 8, pp. 1104–1111, August, 1970.     

Fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry of salts

The positive and negative fast atom bombrdment spectra of two groups of simple salts have been recorded. The structures of the major ionic species of eight chlorides and five, complex anion, sodium salts have been interpreted and tabulated.     

Two Convenient Syntheses of 2-Aryl-1-Cyano-1-Propenes From Quaternary Ammonium Salts

Two readily available and different quaternary ammonium salts have been prepared by the alkylation of vinamidinium salt reduction products. These salts have been successfully converted to 2-aryl-1-cyano-1-propenes and this methodology represents a clean and efficient procedure for the construction of such systems.     

色谱法研究杂多酸Ⅶ: 杂多酸薄层色谱分离及测定

本文研究了杂多酸的TBA及无机阳离子两种不同类型盐的薄层色谱特性,探讨了实验条件对两种类型杂多酸盐薄层色谱分离的影响, 选择合适的条件可使杂多酸盐各组分得到分离。以薄层色谱扫描仪对分离后的样品斑点进行扫描测定, 得到满意的结果。     

Hydroamination of pyrylium salts

Some pyrylium salts and condensed systems derived therefrom have been hydromethyl-aminated to saturated azaheterocycles and N-methylpyridinium salts. Attempts to hydroarylaminate pyrilium salts resulted in the formation of the corresponding hydrocarbons.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsoklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 12, pp. 1652–1655, December, 1984.     

Spectrophotofluorimetric determination of formaldehyde and acrolein with j-acid : Comparison with other methods

Highly sensitive spectrophotofluorimetric methods for the determination and estimation of formaldehyde and acrolein have been described. Formaldehyde and acrolein can be estimated in amounts as low as 0.0005 μg formaldehyde and 0.01 μg acrolein, Quinaldinium salts have been shown to have high sensitivity for the spectrophotometric determination of formaldehyde. The procedure in which these salts are used has a high potentiality for further improvement. Twelve different methods for the determination of formaldehyde have been compared.     

Acid-catalyzed acetylation of N-methallyl lactam and imide derivatives

The reactions of N-methallyl derivatives of cyclic amides and imides with acetic and propionic anhydride have been studied in the presence of perchloric acid. The reaction products have been found to be pyrylium and oxazolinium salts. The relationship between the reaction pathway and the structure of the imide or amide starting material has also been determined. Pyrylium salts have been converted to their corresponding pyridine bases.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1414–1419, October, 1988.     

Thermolysis of hydrogen sulphate,nitrate and perchlorate salts of diphenylamine. Part LXVIII

Hydrogen sulphate, nitrate and perchlorate salts of diphenylamine have been prepared and characterized by elemental, spectral and gravimetric analyses. Thermal decomposition of these salts has been evaluated by TG (static air) and DSC (inert atmosphere). The proton transfer reaction plays a major role during thermolysis of these salts. The diphenylammonium hydrogen sulphate under thermal and microwave irradiation forms 4-(phenylamino) benzenesulphonic acid by sulphonation process, whereas nitrate and perchlorate salts do not form corresponding nitro and perchloro derivatives, rather they ignite and explode, respectively, to form gaseous products along with a residual carbon .     

Correlation of crystal parameters with vibrational data of tetramethylammonium fluorocompounds

Examination of the solid state infrared spectra of the tetramethylammonium cation in ten salts shows correlation of infrared spectral properties with C-H…X hydrogen bonding and crystal habits in these tetramethylammonium salts. In this research a number of complexes of tetramethylammonium cation have been synthesized and the structures of five of them have been analyzed by X-ray single crystal diffraction. The IR predicted crystal habits are comprised by XRD data. The C-H stretching region characteristic hydrogen bonding shifts in the above salts. A good relation between two data has been found.     

Ytterbium-Containing Magnesium–Aluminum Hydroxo Salts with a Hydrotalcite-Type Structure

A method is developed for inserting ytterbium into Mg–Al hydroxo salts that have a hydrotalcitetype layered structure, as well as for the chemical analyses of complex hydroxo salts containing ytterbium in various combinations with magnesium, aluminum, chromium, vanadium, molybdenum, and niobium. The formation conditions of these hydroxo salts have been studied by potentiometric titration, their samples have been prepared, and X-ray diffraction patterns recorded. The prepared hydroxo salt samples have been tested as precursors for oxide catalysts of oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of alkanes.     

Synthesis,polarography and herbicidal activity of quaternary salts of 2-(4-pyridyl)-1,3,5-triazines, 5-(4-pyridyl)pyrimidine, 2-(4-pyridyl)pyrimidine and related compounds

2-(4-Pyridyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2-(4-pyridyl)-4-methyl-1,3,5-triazine, 2-(4-pyridyl)-4,6-dimethyl-1,3,5-triazine and 2-(4-pyridyl)pyrimidine have been prepared by modification of established triazine and pyrimidine syntheses. These compounds and some of their relatives have been converted to quaternary pyridinium salts. The polarographic reduction potentials of the salts in aqueous solution are pH dependent. The activity of the salts as post-emergent herbicides is reported.     

Ionic equilibria in neutral amphiprotic solvents of low dielectric constant: Titration curves

Titration curves have been simulated for the titration of acids, bases and salts in neutral amphiprotic solvents such as isopropyl and tert-butyl alcohols. Ranges of pK values and acid concentrations have been examined. The incomplete dissociation of salts, which increases the acid or basic strength, has been found to be the major factor modifying the shape of the curve and the pH break. The theoretical predictions have been checked by titrating several series of acids and good agreement has been obtained between computed and experimental results.     

Synthesis of polyamides from bis(p-carboxy-phenoxymethyl)methylphosphine oxide and aliphatic amines

Phosphorus-containing polyamides have been prepared from bis(p-carboxyphenoxymethyl)methylphosphine oxide salts (CMPO) and aliphatic amines via polycondensation in the melt. Copolyamides have been obtained similarly from mixtures of CMPO salts and adipic acid with hexamethylenediamine. The synthesized homo- and copolyamides exhibit marked stability to combustion.