CMOS低功耗3-5GHz超宽带接收机射频前端

本文介绍了一种新的低功耗射频接收机前端, 适用于3-5GHz的超宽带系统. 基于0.13µm CMOS工艺实现, 该直接转换式接收机由宽带噪声抵消结构的跨导输入级, 正交无源混频器和跨阻负载放大器组成. 测试结果显示该接收机在整个3.1-4.7GHz 频带范围内的输入反射系数小于-8.5dB, 转换增益27dB, 噪声系数4dB, 输入三阶交调点-11.5dBm, 输入二阶交调点33dBm. 工作在1.2V电源电压下, 整个接收机共消耗18mA电流, 其中包括10mA用于片上正交本振信号产生和缓冲电路.芯片面积为1.1mm×1.5mm.     

应用于2.4GHz无线传感网的超低功耗射频接收前端设计

This paper presents the design of an ultralow power receiver front-end designed for a wireless sensor network （WSN） in a 0.18 μm CMOS process. The author designs two front-ends working in the saturation region and the subthreshold region respectively. The front-ends contain a two-stage cross-coupling cascaded common-gate （CG） LNA and a quadrature Gilbert IQ mixer. The measured conversion gain is variable with high gain at 24 dB and low gain at 7 dB for the saturation one, and high gain at 22 dB and low gain at 5 dB for the subthreshold one. The noise figure （NF） at high gain mode is 5.1 dB and 6.3 dB for each. The input 1 dB compression point （IPldB） at low gain mode is about -6 dBm and -3 dBm for each. The front-ends consume about 2.1 mA current from 1.8 V power supply for the saturation one and 1.3 mA current for the subthreshold one. The measured results show that, comparing with the power consumption saving, it is worth making sacrifices on the performance for using the subthreshold technology.     

一款采用跨导增强技术的新型宽带低噪声放大器

A new broadband low-noise amplifier （LNA） is proposed. The conventional common gate （CG） LNA exhibits a relatively high noise figure, so active gin-boosting technology is utilized to restrain the noise generated by the input transistors and reduce the noise figure. Theory, simulation and measurement are shown. An implemented prototype using 0.13 μm CMOS technology is evaluated using on-wafer probing. S11 and S22 are below -10 dB across 0.1-5 GHz. Measurements also show a gain of 18.3 dB with a 3 dB bandwidth from 100 MHz to 2.1 GHz and an ⅡP3 of-7 dBm at 2 GHz. The measured noise figure is better than 2.5 dB below 2.1 GHz, is better than 4.5 dB below 5 GHz, and at 500 MHz, it gets its minimum value 1.8 dB. The LNA consumes 9 mA from 1.5 V supply and occupies an area of 0.04 mm^2.     

一种应用于GPS接收机的高线性度SiGe HBT低噪声放大器

A high linearity 1.575 GHz SiGe：HBT low noise amplifier （LNA） for global positioning system applications is described. The bipolar cascoded with an MOSFET LNA was fabricated in a commercial 0.18 μm SiGe BiCMOS process, A resistor bias feed circuit with a feedback resistor was designed for the LNA input transistor to improve its intermodulation and compression performance. The packaged chip tested on board has displayed a noise figure of 1. I 1 dB, a power gain of 18 dB, an output 1 dB compression point of ＋7.8 dBm and an input third-order intercept point of ＋1.8 dBm. The chip occupies a 500 × 560μm^2 area and consumes 3.6 mA from a 2.85 V power supply.     

5Gb/s光接收机前端放大电路的设计

利用SMIC0.18μm CMOS工艺设计了适用于同步数字光纤传输系统SONET OC-96(5Gb/s)的光接收机前端放大电路.跨阻放大器(TIA)采用全差分结构,利用震荡反馈技术和可调节共源共栅(RGC)结构来增加其带宽.限幅放大器(LA)采用有源电感反馈和改进的Cherry-Hooper以获得高的增益带宽积.HSPICE仿真结果表明光接收机前端放大电路具有92dBΩ的中频增益,3.7GHz的-3dB带宽,对于输入电流峰峰值从4μA到50μA变化时,50Ω负载线上的输出眼图限幅在550mV,核心电路功耗为60mW.     

应用于5GHz频段带ESD保护的可变增益低噪声放大器

本文给出了应用于5GHz频段的可变增益低噪声放大器。详细分析了输入寄生电容对源极电感负反馈低噪声放大器的影响,给出了一种新的ESD和LNA联合设计的方法,另外,通过在第二级中加入一个简单的反馈回路实现了增益的可变。测试结果表明： 可变增益低噪声放大器增益变化范围达25dB (-3.3dB～21.7dB),最大增益时噪声系数为2.8dB,最小增益时三阶截点为1dBm,在1.8V电源电压下功耗为9.9mW。     

一种应用于直接变频系统的低功耗混合信号直流失调消除电路

A low power mixed signal DC offset calibration (DCOC) circuit for direct conversion receiver applications is designed. The proposed DCOC circuit features low power consumption, fast settling time and a small die area by avoiding the trade-off between loop response time and the high pass frequency of the DCOC servo loop in conventional analog DCOC systems. By applying the proposed DC offset correction circuitry, the output residue DC offset voltages are reduced to less than 38 mV and the DCOC loop settling time is less than 100 μs. The DCOC chip is fabricated in a standard 0.13-μm CMOS technology and drains only 196 μA from a 1.2-V power supply with its chip area of only 0.372 × 0.419 mm².     

一个采用0.18μm CMOS工艺的3－5GHz超宽带平坦增益低噪声放大器

本论文设计并实现了一个用于UWB脉冲体制的3-5GHz超宽带平坦增益的全差分低噪声放大器。在电路设计上,采用了一种增益平坦化技术,并且利用了串连建峰与并联建峰技术,分别实现了宽带的输入匹配与整个电路大的增益带宽积。同时,利用反馈技术,进一步拓展带宽和削减带内增益波动。此LNA才用SMIC 0.18um CMOS射频工艺流片验证。测试结果表面电路3dB带宽为2.4~5.5GHz,最高增益可达13.2dB,在3－5GHz的带内增益波动仅为＋/- 0.45dB,最低噪声系数为3.2dB．输入匹配性能良好,在2.9~5.4GHz范围内S11<-13dB,电路的输入P1dB为－11.7dBm@5GHz,电路采样1.8v供电,整个差分电路消耗电流9.6mA.     

设计直接转换I／Q解调器接收器时对IP2和IP3的考虑

与传统超外差式接收器架构相比,直接转换接收器架构有许多优点.因为直接转换接收器不容易受镜频信号干扰,所以它降低了对RF前端带通滤波的要求.RF带通滤波器仅需要衰减较强的带外信号,以防止它们使前端过载.另外,直接转换接收器无须IF放大器和带通滤波器.RF输入信号直接转换成基带信号,在这种情况下,放大和滤波都容易了许多.这种接收器的总体复杂性降低了,器件数目也减少了.     

A 5 GHz 7.2 dB NF low power direct conversion receiver front-end with balun LNA

A 5GHz low power direct conversion receiver radio frequency front-end with balun LNA is presented. A hybrid common gate and common source structure balun LNA is adopted,and the capacitive cross-coupling technique is used to reduce the noise contribution of the common source transistor.To obtain low l/f noise and high linearity,a current mode passive mixer is preferred and realized.A current mode switching scheme can switch between high and low gain modes,and meanwhile it can not only perform good linearity but save power consumption at low gain mode.The front-end chip is manufactured on a 0.13-μm CMOS process and occupies an active chip area of 1.2 mm~2.It achieves 35 dB conversion gain across 4.9-5.1 GHz,a noise figure of 7.2 dB and an IIP3 of -16.8 dBm,while consuming 28.4 mA from a 1.2 V power supply at high gain mode.Its conversion gain is 13 dB with an IIP3 of 5.2 dBm and consumes 21.5 mA at low gain mode.     

Design and optimization of a 2.4 GHz RF front-end with an on-chip balun

A 2.4 GHz low-power,low-noise and highly linear receiver front-end with a low noise amplifier(LNA) and balun optimization is presented.Direct conversion architecture is employed for this front-end.The on-chip balun is designed for single-to-differential conversion between the LNA and the down-conversion mixer,and is optimized for the best noise performance of the front-end.The circuit is implemented with 0.35μm SiGe BiCMOS technology.The front-end has three gain steps for maximization of the input dynamic range.The overall maximum gain is about 36 dB.The double-sideband noise figure is 3.8 dB in high gain mode and the input referred third-order intercept point is 12.5 dBm in low gain mode.The down-conversion mixer has a tunable parallel R-C load at the output and an emitter follower is used as the output stage for testing purposes.The total front-end dissipation is 33 mW under a 2.85 V supply and occupies a 0.66 mm~2 die size.     

2.4GHz带片上非平衡变压器射频前端的设计与优化

本文介绍了一种工作在2.4GHz频段的低功耗、低噪声、高线性射频接收机前端电路,该接收前端电路使用新型的带三种增益模式的LNA,并提出一种新的片上非平衡变压器优化技术。前端电路采用了直接变频结构,使用片上非平衡变压器实现低噪声放大器与下变频混频器之间的单端-差分转换,优化设计以提高前端电路的噪声性能。本文使用锗硅0.35um BiCMOS工艺,所采用的技术同样适用于CMOS工艺。前端电路总的最大转换增益为36dB;在高增益模式下的双边带噪声系数为3.8dB;低增益模式下,输入三阶交调点位12.5dBm。为了获得最大的输入动态范围,低噪声放大器采用三种可调增益模式,低增益模式使用by-pass结构,大大提高了大信号输入下接收前端的线性度。下变频混频器在输出端使用可调R-C tank,滤除带外高频杂波。混频器输出使用射极跟随器作为输出极驱动片外50ohm负载。该接收前端在2.85-V电源供电下,功耗为33mW,芯片面积为0.66mm2。     

A low power 3-5 GHz CMOS UWB receiver front-end

A novel low power RF receiver front-end for 3-5 GHz UWB is presented. Designed in the 0.13μm CMOS process, the direct conversion receiver features a wideband balun-coupled noise cancelling transconductance input stage, followed by quadrature passive mixers and transimpedance loading amplifiers. Measurement results show that the receiver achieves an input return loss below-8.5 dB across the 3.1-4.7 GHz frequency range, max-imum voltage conversion gain of 27 dB, minimum noise figure of 4 dB, IIP3 of-11.5 dBm, and IIP2 of 33 dBm. Working under 1.2 V supply voltage, the receiver consumes total current of 18 mA including 10 mA by on-chip quadrature LO signal generation and buffer circuits. The chip area with pads is 1.1 × 1.5 mm2.     

A low power 3-5 GHz CMOS UWB receiver front-end

A novel low power RF receiver front-end for 3-5 GHz UWB is presented. Designed in the 0.13μm CMOS process, the direct conversion receiver features a wideband balun-coupled noise cancelling transconductance input stage, followed by quadrature passive mixers and transimpedance loading amplifiers. Measurement results show that the receiver achieves an input return loss below -8.5 dB across the 3.1-4.7 GHz frequency range, maximum voltage conversion gain of 27 dB, minimum noise figure of 4 dB, IIP3 of -11.5 dBm, and IIP2 of 33 dBm. Working under 1.2 V supply voltage, the receiver consumes total current of 18 mA including 10 mA by on-chip quadrature LO signal generation and buffer circuits. The chip area with pads is 1.1 × 1.5 mm^2.     

一种ISM 2.4GHz的低功耗低中频射频接收机前端

本文描述了一种工作在2.4GHz ISM频段的低功耗、低中频射频接收机前端电路,使用TSMC 0.13um CMOS工艺。整个前端包括一个低噪声放大器以及两次变频下变换混频器。低噪声放大器通过在输入级引入额外的栅-源电容实现了低功耗与低噪声的设计;在下变换混频器设计中,分别使用一个单平衡射频混频器以及两个双平衡低中频混频器实现两次变频下变换技术;射频混频器输入晶体管源极串联电感-电容谐振网络以及低噪声放大器输出级的电感-电容谐振网络总共实现了30dB的镜像抑制率。整个前端占用芯片面积约0.42mm2,在1.2V的供电电压下,仅耗功率4.5mW,实现了4dB的噪声系数,在高增益模式下,获得-22dBm的三阶交调线性度,整个链路电压增益为37dB。     

一种低功耗245GHz次谐波接收机

介绍了一种应用于气体频谱分析传感器的低功耗245 GHz次谐波接收机,该接收机具有低功耗、高线性度和高集成度的特点.该接收机由四级共基极低噪声放大器、二次次谐波无源反接并联二极管对(APDP)混频器、120GHz推推型压控振荡器-分频器链路、120 GHz功率放大器和中频放大器构成,采用了特征频率为300 GHz、最大振荡频率为500 GHz的锗硅BiCMOS工艺实现.该接收机芯片实现了10.6 dB的转换增益和13 GHz的带宽,噪声系数为20 dB,输入1dB压缩点仿真结果为-9 dBm,接收机如果不包括120 GHz压控振荡器-功率放大器链路功耗为99.6 mW,接收机包括120 GHz压控振荡器-功率放大器链路功耗为312 mW.     

一种应用于LTE直接变频无声表滤波器接收机的1.2-V CMOS前端设计

本文提出了一种应用于LTE直接变频接收机的CMOS射频前端电路。电路由低噪声跨导放大器（LNA）,电流型无源混频器和跨阻运算放大器（TIA）组成,该结构对于LTE多频带应用具有高集成,高线性,并实现简单的频率配置。电路采用多个电流舵跨导级实现了大的可变增益控制范围。电流型无源混频器采用25%占空比本振改善了电路增益、噪声和线性性能。为了抑制带外干扰,采用直接耦合电流输入滤波器。该射频前端电路采用0.13-μm CMOS工艺设计制造。测试结果表明电路在2.3GHz到2.7GHz工作频率范围,具有45dB电压转换增益,噪声系数为2.7dB,IIP3为-7dBm以及校准后的IIP2为 60dBm。电路采用1.2V单电压供电,整个电路工作电流为40mA。     

一个应用于卫星导航接收机的低功耗可配置双频多模射频前端

本文给出了一个应用于GPS、北斗、伽利略和Glonass四种卫星导航接收机的高性能双频多模射频前端。该射频前端主要包括有可配置的低噪声放大器、宽带有源单转双电路、高线性度的混频器和带隙基准电路。详细分析了寄生电容对源极电感负反馈低噪声放大器输入匹配的影响,通过在输入端使用两个不同的LC匹配网络和输出端使用开关电容的方法使低噪声放大器可以工作在1.2GHz和1.5GHz频带。同时使用混联的有源单转双电路在较大的带宽下仍能获得较好的平衡度。另外,混频器采用MGTR技术在低功耗的条件下来获得较高的线性度,并不恶化电路的其他性能。测试结果表明：在1227.6MHz和1557.42MHz频率下,噪声系数分别为2.1dB和2.0dB,增益分别为33.9dB和33.8dB,输入1dB压缩点分别0dBm和1dBm,在1.8V电源电压下功耗为16mW。     

DRM/DAB数字广播无线接收机中高线性电流模第二中频CMOS混频器设计

本文提出了一种用于DRM/ DAB接收机第二中频下变频中的无源开关混频器。该电路由一个输入跨导级,无源电流开关级和电流放大器级构成。输入跨导级采用基于电阻并联反馈自偏置的电流复用技术以提高跨导和输出电阻。开关级引入动态偏置技术以保证开关管过驱动电压随工艺变化的稳定性。电流放大器基于低电压的第二代全平衡多输出电流转换器（FBMOCCII）,引入电流并联负反馈,可提供非常低的输入阻抗及高输出阻抗。设计采用中芯国际0.18微米RF CMOS工艺进行了验证。测试结果表明,该芯片电压增益是1.407dB,噪声指数NF是16.22dB,IIP3为4.5dBm。在1.8V的电源电压下,功耗为9.30mW。该设计体现了增益,噪声和线性度之间的良好折衷,其适合应用在DRM/ DAB无线接收机中的第二中频混频器中。