基于自由曲面反射镜的低投射比超短焦投影物镜的光学设计

为了设计低投射比的超短焦投影物镜,本文采用自由曲面和折反式的光路结构设计了一种具有低投射比的超短焦投影物镜系统。该物镜由一个旋转对称的折射透镜组和一个自由曲面反射镜组成。采用11.938 mm的数字微镜器件(DMD)作为空间光调制器产生图像源。采用法线加权迭代优化的方法计算自由曲面。最后,分析了系统的性能。仿真结果表明:超短焦投影物镜可在580 mm的投影距离处实现3048 mm尺寸的大屏幕投影,系统的投射比低至0.19,系统的最大畸变小于0.72%。能够满足低投射比超短焦投影物镜的设计要求。该投影系统具有低投射比、低畸变、投影效果好等优点,可为超短焦投影系统的进一步发展提供有益参考。     

基于自由曲面反射镜的低投射比超短焦投影物镜的光学设计（英文）

为了设计低投射比的超短焦投影物镜,本文采用自由曲面和折反式的光路结构设计了一种具有低投射比的超短焦投影物镜系统。该物镜由一个旋转对称的折射透镜组和一个自由曲面反射镜组成。采用11.938 mm的数字微镜器件(DMD)作为空间光调制器产生图像源。采用法线加权迭代优化的方法计算自由曲面。最后,分析了系统的性能。仿真结果表明:超短焦投影物镜可在580 mm的投影距离处实现3 048 mm尺寸的大屏幕投影,系统的投射比低至0.19,系统的最大畸变小于0.72%。能够满足低投射比超短焦投影物镜的设计要求。该投影系统具有低投射比、低畸变、投影效果好等优点,可为超短焦投影系统的进一步发展提供有益参考。     

折反式超短焦变焦投影镜头的设计

为了实现在短距离内投射出大视场、高清画面,降低超短焦投影的加工成本和装调难度,设计了一款不含非球面折射透镜的折反式超短焦变焦投影镜头。系统使用16.76mm(0.66in)DMD微透镜显示芯片,16片球面折射透镜和一片非球面反射镜,非球面反射镜能有效校正系统的畸变、抵消折射透镜组的场曲和像散。光学总长为250mm,投影距离是424～509mm,投射画面尺寸是2.286～2.794m(90～110in),视场角150°,投射比为0.21,水平、垂直TV畸变小于0.25%,相对照度大于90%,MTF在0.48lp/mm时大于0.5。样机测试结果显示各项指标满足系统设计要求,全玻璃透镜的设计易于加工和生产,有效降低超短焦投影系统的加工装配成本。     

大孔径大视场变焦投影镜头设计

为了满足大孔径大视场变焦投影镜头的市场需求, 基于Zemax光学软件设计一款连续变焦的投影镜头, 变焦范围为16.27 mm~22.77 mm, 视场角为63.7°~47.8°, F数为1.75~1.95, 配合1.55 cm(0.61英寸)LCOS投影显示芯片使用, 在工作距离2 000 mm处可投射出190.5 cm(75英寸)画面, 光学系统总长小于160 mm, 由10片透镜组成, 其中包括8片玻璃透镜和2片塑料透镜。设计结果表明:镜头在空间极限频率71 lp/mm处, 各个焦段的MTF值均大于0.5, 场曲都在0.1 mm之内, 畸变小于3%, 成像质量良好。最后对光学系统进行了公差分析, 得出一组较宽松的公差。     

短焦数字投影镜头的光学设计

为了满足短焦投影市场的需求,利用ZEMAX光学软件开发设计出了一款适用于0.8英寸单片数字光处理投影机的短焦数字投影镜头,该镜头总长172.6 mm,全口径70 mm,采用反远距结构,由6组7片透镜组成,其中包括6片玻璃透镜和1片塑料透镜(两个偶次非球面).镜头全视场达到80°,相对孔径为1/2.1,反远比(工作距离/...     

采用折反式成像的超短焦距投影物镜设计

为了使投影设备具有超短投影距离,实现大尺寸高清显示画面,设计了一款采用折反式成像光路的具有大相对孔径和小投射比的超短焦距投影物镜。系统使用12mm(0.47in)DMD微显示芯片,在450mm距离处实现了2032mm(80in)的投影画面,采用远心光路提高像面照度均匀性。基于微分几何原理和斯涅尔反射定律,建立自由曲面方程计算自由曲面轮廓线的离散点坐标,运用最小二乘法进行偶次非球面拟合得到非球面反射面,对大视场像差和畸变进行校正。物镜焦距为2.64mm、光学总长193mm、投射比0.25、F数1.83、视场角150°作为参数;各视场MTF值在单个像素对应的奈奎斯特频率处达到0.3以上,水平、垂直TV畸变小于0.5%,投影像面相对照度大于90%。各项指标满足系统设计要求,结构简单,易于加工和生产。     

消热差大相对孔径中波红外望远物镜的研制

为满足低成本空间热成像系统重量轻、适应环境温度范围宽的要求,研制了消热差的大相对孔径中波红外望远物镜,其焦距为100mm,F数为1,全视场角为5°.物镜设计采用了匹兹伐结构型式,仅由两块硅(Si)透镜和一块锗(Ge)的折/衍混合透镜组成,能够实现-20～+60℃环境温度变化范围内光学被动消热差.对实际加工的红外物镜进行...     

超短投影距的投影物镜设计

为了实现微型数字光处理(DLP)投影仪的超短投影距离的目的,先根据成像关系计算构建了非球面光学曲面的面型,再对投影镜头整体优化,设计了一个含有两片奇次多项式非球面的广角投影物镜。镜头的物方F=2,焦距4 mm,像方视场角128°,像方0.4 lp/mm(截止频率)处调制传递函数(MTF)大于0.6,最大畸变的绝对值0.9%,镜头总长100 mm,最大口径Φ=80 mm。设计结果表明,该设计方法可以使大角度、超短投影距离的投影镜头摆脱常用折反射式结构,全透射式的光学结构可以真正实现发光二极管光源照明DLP投影仪的微型化、投影距离超短化。     

超广角数字通用型投影镜头设计

为了解决现有超广角数字投影镜头存在的缺陷和不足,并与不同类型和规格数字投影机的超广角投影匹配,给出了8组9片式超广角数字通用型投影镜头的光学系统设计.镜头焦距为8.76mm、全视场角达到97°、F数为2.12、后工作距离大于34mm、最大口径小于96mm、总长小于200mm,结构中加入了1个偶次非球面,较好地校正了轴外像差与畸变.用减少透镜数量和增大相对孔径的办法提高了像面照度;通过增大光阑慧差及减小像方半视场角,提高了像面相对照度,其值达97.46%以上.通过合理确定棱镜等效厚度及调整结构布局,使结构适配光学引擎中棱镜的有效光学厚度为16.5~23mm.设计的镜头分辨率达120lp/mm、全视场相对畸变绝对值小于1.5%.结果表明:该镜头可满足0.55in~0.76in 3LCD和1DLP类型的各种数字投影机的使用,最小投射比可达0.53∶1,投影画面偏移量最大达到389mm,结构简单,体形小,成本低,成像质量好,可批量化生产.     

基于ZEMAX软件的短焦数字投影镜头的设计

利用ZEMAX光学软件设计了一款适用于部分2.03 cm(0.8英寸)单片DLP投影机机型的短焦(广角)数字投影镜头。该镜头结构由10片透镜组成,具有结构简单、生产成本低、易加工等特点。镜头的全视场角2w达到80,°相对孔径约为1/2.1,有效焦距约为12.7 mm,等效后截距约为37 mm,其投射比约为0.78/1,即1 m的投射距离可以投射出160.02 cm(63英寸)的画面。镜头有较好的成像质量,在分辨率极限35 lp/mm处,0.7视场以内的MTF值均大于0.35,在1/2分辨率极限处大部分视场的MTF值大于0.7,全视场畸变量的绝对值小于3%。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.