Time separation of adsorption sites on heterogeneous surfaces by inverse gas chromatography

Summary The measurement of local (homogeneous) adsorption energiesε _i , local monolayer capacities,c _max ^* , local adsorption isotherms,θ _i (p, T, ε), and probability density functions for adsorption, f(ε) and ϕ(ε,t), can be used to study the mechanism of adsorption of five gaseous hydrocarbons on the heterogeneous surface of magnesium oxide. The method does not use analytical or numerical solutions of a classical integral equation comprisingf(ε) as unknown, but it depends on a time function of gas chromatographic peaks obtained by short flow-reversals of the carrier gas. The results for adsorption of ethane, ethylene, acetylene, propene, and l-butene on MgO, in the absence and presence of O₃ are given and discussed on the basis of a mechanism proposed earlier for argon on titatium dioxide.     

Site characteristics in metal organic frameworks for gas adsorption

Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are a new class of nanoporous materials that have many potential advantages over traditional nanoporous materials for several chemical technologies including gas adsorption, catalysis, membrane-based gas separation, sensing, and biomedical devices. Knowledge on the interaction of guest molecules with the MOF surface is required to design and develop these MOF-based processes. In this review, we examine the importance of identification of gas adsorption sites in MOFs using the current state-of-the-art in experiments and computational modeling. This review provides guidelines to design new MOFs with useful surface properties that exhibit desired performances, such as high gas storage capacity, and high gas selectivity.     

A novel technique for the sampling and gas chromatographic analysis of vapours

Summary A conventional pyrolysis gas chromatography system has been adapted to the analysis of vapours. A Curie point pyrolysis wire is used as a holder for granular active carbon on which the sample can be adsorbed. Desorption is achieved in the pyrolysis unit, but no pyrolysis occurs. The present study reports on the completeness of adsorption by the sampler and on the degree of release of adsorbate from it.     

The strength of interaction of highly retentive silanols with hydrocarbons on porasil C

Summary The paper describes how the method of gas-phase titration of the strongest adsorption sites can be utilized to calculate a relative strength of interaction of the sites with chromatographic solutes. An excellent correlation with earlier, theoretical predictions of Giddings is noted. Significant influence of the sites on the width of a chromatographic band is observed when the interactions are an order of magnitude stronger than those of normal sites. Presented at the 17th International Symposium on Chromatography, September 25–30, 1988, Vienna, Austria.     

Book Reviews

Abstract

HANDBOOK FOR ESTIMATING PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, by M. Reinhard and A. Drefal, 228 pages, J. Wiley, New York (1999). ISBN 0—471—172634. UK £ 210.00

THE CHEMISTRY OF POLLUTION, by G. Fellenberg, 192 pp. J. Wiley & Sons, Chichester, U.K. (1999). ISBN 0—471—980889. UK£ 24,95.

NATURAL ATTENUATION OF FUELS AND CHLORINATED SOLVENTS IN THE SUBSURFACE, by T.H. Wiedemeier, H.S. Rifai, C.J. Newell and J.T. Wilson, 617 pages, J. Wiley, New York (1999). ISBN 0—471—19749—1. UK £ 58.50

UNDERSTANDING OUR ENVIRONMENT, 3^rd, edition, edited by R.M. Harrison, 445 pages, The Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge (UK) (1999). ISBN 0—85404—584—8. UK£ 19.95

ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING CHEMICALS, Vol. 12 of Issues in Environmental Science and Technology, edited by R.E. Hester and R.H. Harrison, 152 pages, Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge (U.K.) (1999). ISBN 0—85404—255—5. UK£ 25,00

METHOD PERFORMANCE STUDIES FOR SPECIATION ANALYSIS. by P. Quevauviller, 271 pages, The Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge (U.K.) (1998). ISBN 0—85404—467—1. UK£ 59.50

GLOBAL AQUATIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT, by H.D. Kumar and D.P. Häder, 393 pages, Springer, Berlin (1999). ISBN 3—540—65369—4. USD 229.00

BIOACCUMULATION. New Aspects and Developments, edited by B. Beek, 284 pages, Springer, Heidelberg, 2000. ISBN 3—540—62575. USD 143.00

INTERLABORATORY STUDIES AND CERTIFIED REFERENCE MATERIALS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS. The BCR approach, by Ph. Quevauviller and E.A. Maier, 558 pages, Elsevier Science, Amsterdam NL, (1999). ISBN 0—444—82389—1. USD 251.50 (Euro 224.62).     

How to count strong adsorption sites by gas chromatography?

Summary A simple gas chromatographic method is presented for the determination of the quantity of the strongest adsorption sites on an adsorbent's surface. The method consists of the blockage of the sites with quasi-irreversibly adsorbed, known amount of a strongly interacting compound and subsequent measuring of the retention of a hydrocarbon during the presence of the blocking compound in the column. Heterogeneity of chromatographic grade silicas is investigated with this method.     

Book Reviews

Abstract

Aquatic Chemistry: An Introduction Emphasizing Chemical Equilibria in Natural Waters. Werner Stumm and James L. Morgan. Wiley-Interscience, New York, London, Sydney, Toronto 1971. XV+582 pages. Reviewed by R. P. Walser, Quality Control, Pharmaceutical Division, Sandoz Ltd., Basle, Switzerland

Residue Reviews. Edited by F. A. Günther, Springer Verlag, New York, Vols. 34, 38, and 40, 1971. Reviewed by O. Hutzinger, Atlantic Regional Laboratory, National Research Council of Canada, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.

Determination of organophosphorus pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables, on the Swedish market from 1964 to 1968, by S. Renvall and M. Âkerblom (Vol. 34, p. 1).

Pesticide residue analysis in the presence of Polychlorobiphenyls (PCB), by L. M. Reynolds (Vol. 34, p. 27).

Development of the Food and Drug Administration's method of analysis for multiple residues of organochlorine pesticides in foods and feeds, by J. A. Burke (Vol. 34, p. 59).

Carbamate insecticide residues in plant material: Determination by gas chromatography, by I. H. Williams (Vol. 38, p. 1).

Analytical methods for the determination of fumigants, by B. Malone (Vol. 38, p. 21).

Recent applications of mass spectrometry and combined gas chromatographymass spectrometry to pesticide residue analysis, by F. J. Biros (Vol. 40, p. 1).     

Book Reviews

Abstract

WATER AND WATER ANALYSIS (in German: Wasser und Wasseruntersuchung), 2nd revised edition in the Series “Laboratory Books in Chemistry”, by Leonhard A. Hiitter, A-6060 Hall in Tirol, Austria, 344 pages (including 38 figures, 34 tables, 43 pages with newest literature references and other informations (regulations, addresses) mainly from Germany, Austria and Switzerland, and a good index of nine pages), carton cover, format 227 × 165 mm, ISBN 3-425-05075-3, Verlag Diesterweg/Salle, D-6000 Frankfurt/Main and Sauerlander, CH-5000 Aarau (1984), DM 48.00

AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY, Volume 2 of a Series, edited by Laverne J. Weber, Marine Science Center, Oregon State University, Newport, Oregon, U.S.A., 236 pages (including 7 tables, 33 figures, references (mainly of the 1970's) added to each chapter, and a valuable subject index of 6 pages), linen, format 243 × 163 mm, ISBN 0-89004-439-2, Raven Press, New York 10036 (1984), US $55.00

TOXICITY TESTING, NEW APPROACHES AND APPLICATIONS IN HUMAN RISK ASSESSMENT, edited by Dr. A. P. Li et al., Enviromental Health Laboratory Monsanto Company, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A., 295 pages (including 37 tables, 49 figures, newest references added to each contribution, discussion statements, a good subject index of six pages, and an address list of contributors), linen, format 241 × 162mm, ISBN 0-88167-083-9, Raven Press, New York (1983/1985), US $50.50

HEALTH RISKS TO FEMALE WORKERS IN OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE TO CHEMICAL AGENTS, by Prof. Dr. Reinier L. Zielhuis et al., Coronel Laboratorium, Universiteit van NL-1054 BW Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 132 pages (including 30 tables, references added to each chapter, an appendix on recent data, but no subject index), soft cover, format 242 × 165mm, ISBN 3-540- 13579-0, Springer-Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg-New York-Tokyo (1984), DM 70.00, or approximately US $24.60

IS THE SOIL DYING (in German: Stirbt der Boden)? GDI-Series Man-Nature-Environment, by Dr. Volker Hauff et al., D-5300 Bonn, 250 pages (including 49 figures, 34 tables, an author index of two pages, but no subject index), soft cover, format 241 × 171 mm, no ISBN-number, GDI-Buchhandlung, CH-8803 Riischlikon, Switzerland (1985), SFr. 50.00

THE HANDBOOK OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY, PARTS C and D, edited by Prof. Dr. Otto Hutzinger, Chair of Ecological Chemistry and Geochemistry, D-8580 Bayreuth, linen, format 248 × 170 mm, Springer-Verlag Berlin-Heidelberg-New York-Tokyo (1985).     

Book Reviews

Structural Chemistry -