共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 250 毫秒
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The detection and quantification by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy of stable radicals formed in alanine by exposure to γ-radiation is used as a secondary standard for radiation dosimetry measurements, even though the EPR signal is actually derived from >1 radical with different spectral properties. For high radiation doses, microwave power saturation and spectral linewidths are both dependent on the received dose, and result in non-linear calibration curves. Furthermore, using a high-sensitivity microwave cavity, the power at which EPR signal saturation commences is ~0.3–0.4 mW for samples with irradiation doses ≤10 kGy; these values are an order of magnitude lower than those normally used in alanine dosimetry. In addition, the central peak of the first derivative spectrum, the height of which is commonly used in dosimetry measurements, is the most susceptible to microwave power saturation. Therefore, for high-level dosimetry we now recommend that analyses be performed under non-saturating conditions, and that the spectral acquisition parameters should be determined with a standard irradiated to ≤10 kGy to eliminate any intensity problems associated with variable saturation characteristics. At low radiation doses, variations in spectral saturation characteristics are negligible, and partially saturating conditions along with modulation amplitudes much higher than those normally used can reliably produce improved signal-to-noise ratios and allow extension of the methodology to practical working limits of ~0.1–0.2 Gy. 相似文献
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We propose and experimentally demonstrate a scheme of high-Q microwave photonic filter (MPF) using the techniques of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectrum broadening and third-order dispersion (TOD) compensation. The optical pulses from a mode-locking laser are spectrally broadened by the SPM in the highly nonlinear fiber. A wideband optical frequency comb with 365 spectral lines within 10-dB power variation from the highest spectral power is obtained. By applying a cubic phase modulation via a waveshaper, the effect of TOD which broadens the MPF passband is eliminated. The final implemented MPF has a Q-value as high as 296 and a tuning range of 700 MHz. 相似文献
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氢能作为一种高热值、无污染的清洁能源日渐受到国内外专家学者的追捧。微波液相放电技术在醇类中制氢具有光明的研究前景,为氢能的研究开发开辟了一条新的途径。通过对乙醇制氢发射光谱分析,有利于分析微波液相放电醇类制氢机理的探讨,为进一步改进微波液相放电制氢技术奠定基础。本文采用2.45 GHz频率微波在液相醇类中放电实现了微波液相等离子体制氢,并借助发射光谱仪对微波液相放电乙醇制氢光谱特性进行了研究。研究结果显示:微波液相放电乙醇制氢过程中,能产生大量的H,O,OH,CH,C2等活性粒子;乙醇放电光谱中OH自由基、H自由基和O自由基的光谱强度要远大于纯水中OH自由基、H自由基和O自由基的光谱强度;高能粒子打开水分子中的O—H键,脱氢制氢的过程较乙醇分子难度要大,因此在微波乙醇放电制氢过程中,氢气的来源主要是乙醇分子的脱氢重组,水分解产氢的贡献度较低;在外界压力与温度一定的条件下,OH,H,O自由基的发射光谱强度随着功率的增加显著增强,而CH和C2活性粒子发射光谱强度则出现减弱趋势,这表明较大的微波功率不仅使产生的高能粒子的能量增加,同时高能粒子的密度也有所增加,导致较多的CH和C2基团被充分碰撞打开。 相似文献
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We demonstrate a novel method for spectral analysis of microwave signals that employs time-domain processing in fiber. We use anomalous dispersion in single-mode fiber to perform a Fresnel transform followed by a matched amount of dispersion-compensating fiber to perform an inverse Fresnel transform of an ultrashort pulse. After the Fresnel-transformed waveform is modulated by the microwave signal, the waveform at the output of the dispersion-compensating fiber represents the ultrashort pulse convolved with the microwave spectrum. An experimental system for spectral analysis of microwave signals in the range 6-21 GHz is demonstrated. 相似文献
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Carlos J. Zapata-Rodríguez 《Optics Communications》2006,257(1):9-15
The power spectrum of polychromatic apertured spherical waves changes strongly in the vicinity of phase singularities. A spectral shift effect is observed and, in some cases, a spectral switch occurs together with a broadening of the power spectrum. Low-order moments of the power spectrum are evaluated in points of the focal volume with spectral anomalies. First-order analytical expressions are proposed for the evaluation of the relative spectral shift and the relative spectral broadening in the transverse focal plane and along the optical axis. The influence of the fractional bandwidth and the selected singularity order is considered. 相似文献
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半导体激光器的线宽通常采用激光外差测量技术,通过差拍信号的功率谱密度函数来确定,受傅里叶变换方法的限制,得到的均是在一定时间段内的静态平均线宽。为了获得半导体激光器在电流调谐过程中的瞬时线宽特性,提出了利用时变功率谱获知调谐瞬时线宽的相干和非相干测量方法,并分别进行了理论分析和实验验证。首先对半导体激光器输出光信号及差拍信号进行了时间-频率域下的数学描述,确定了时变功率谱与调谐瞬时线宽的关系;其次,针对差拍信号的趋向性特征,提出了趋势局部均值分解方法,并研究了利用分解出的乘积函数建立差拍信号及激光器输出光信号的时变功率谱的方法;最后利用非相干和相干测量法分别获得了分布反馈式半导体激光器在50~51及50~100 mA锯齿波电流调谐过程中的瞬时线宽。 相似文献
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We demonstrate inhibition of the sidelobes of the axial point spread function in optical coherence tomography by shaping the power spectrum of the light source with a remaining power of 4.54 mW. A broadband amplified spontaneous emission source radiating at 1565 +/- 40 nm is employed in a free-space optical coherence tomography system. The axial point spread functions before and after optical spectral shaping are presented. Results show that spectral shaping of the source can inhibit sidelobes of the point spread function up to 12.9 dB, with an associated small increase of 2.2 dB in noise floor in the far field. The effect of spectral shaping on axial resolution is demonstrated according to three metrics. Image quality improvement is also illustrated with optical coherence tomography images of an onion before and after spectral shaping. 相似文献
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M. d’Aquino C. Serpico R. Bonin G. Bertotti I.D. Mayergoyz 《Physica B: Condensed Matter》2012,407(9):1357-1364
The large-angle magnetization dynamics of an injection-locked spin-transfer nano-oscillator (STNO) is studied. The magnetic system is subject to the action of time-varying spin-polarized currents and external magnetic fields. The uniform mode theory is developed and describes the hysteretic synchronization mechanism in terms of bifurcations of equilibria and limit cycles of appropriate dynamical systems. Analytical predictions of control parameters for the synchronization between the magnetization self-oscillation and the external microwave excitations (current, field) are provided. The effect of temperature on the locking band and the hysteretic character of the oscillation response is analyzed. An analytical approach is developed to determine the thermally induced sidebands in the power spectral density of phase-locked oscillations as a function of control parameters. The analytical predictions are in good agreement with the results of numerical simulations. 相似文献
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《中国光学快报(英文版)》2017,(11)
A passband frequency-electable microwave photonic multiband bandpass filter based on a cascaded fiber Sagnac loop is presented and experimentally demonstrated.A broadband light is sliced by the cascaded fiber Sagnac loop,which serves as a spectrum slicer.After broadband light passes through the spectrum slicer,the sliced broadband light will have the varied periodical spectral characteristics that will cause a transmitted spectral distribution with uniform or multiple periods,then will be modulated by an optical phase modulator and delayed by a dispersive medium.Therefore,a frequency-band-selectable microwave photonic multiband bandpass filter with a suppressed baseband is achieved that can be switched between the single-passband,dual-passband,and triple-passband state.The presented filter exhibits a maximal out-of-band rejection ratio of about 30 d B. 相似文献
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The hole spectral function which determines the cross section of direct nucleon removal processes is studied in the framework of the continuum shell model with residual interactions. An expression for the spectral function is derived which covers both the bound and continuous parts of the hole spectrum and allows for an exact inclusion of all correlations (except for continuum-continuum coupling) in a restricted space of shell-model configurations. The shell-model approach is compared to the Green function formulation of the spectral function, and some formal relationships between both formulations are established. The results of previous calculations of the spectral function via a second-order mass operator are discussed in the light of the shell-model formalism. 相似文献
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The purpose of our study is to understand the mathematical origin in real space of modulated and damped sinusoidal peaks observed in cosmic microwave background radiation anisotropies. We use the theory of the Fourier transform to connect localized features of the two-point correlation function in real space to oscillations in the power spectrum. We also illustrate analytically and by means of Monte Carlo simulations the angular correlation function for distributions of filled disks with fixed or variable radii capable of generating oscillations in the power spectrum. While the power spectrum shows repeated information in the form of multiple peaks and oscillations, the angular correlation function offers a more compact presentation that condenses all the information of the multiple peaks into a localized real space feature. We have seen that oscillations in the power spectrum arise when there is a discontinuity in a given derivative of the angular correlation function at a given angular distance. These kinds of discontinuities do not need to be abrupt in an infinitesimal range of angular distances but may also be smooth, and can be generated by simply distributing excesses of antenna temperature in filled disks of fixed or variable radii on the sky, provided that there is a non-null minimum radius and/or the maximum radius is constrained. 相似文献
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Li Y Lacey ME Sweedler JV Webb AG 《Journal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997)》2003,162(1):133-140
In capillary electrophoresis separations coupled to NMR signal detection using small solenoidal coils, electrophoretic currents cause substantial distortion in the NMR spectral linewidths and peak heights, distortions which cannot be fully counteracted through shimming. The NMR spectra also have a low signal-to-noise ratio due to the small amounts of material, typically <1nmol, associated with such microseparations. This study proposes a two-step, signal processing method to restore spectral lines from the distorted NMR spectrum. First, a reference signal is acquired to estimate the broadening function, as a combination of several Lorentzian functions, using a gradient descent method. Then multi-resolution wavelet analysis is applied to the distorted spectrum to determine an initial estimate of the frequencies of the spectral lines. Convergence to the final spectrum, a second set of Lorentzians, involves deconvolution with the estimated broadening function using a gradient descent method. Experimental CE-NMR data show that considerable improvements in spectral quality are possible using this approach, although fine splittings can not be resolved if the broadening function is large. 相似文献
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P. C. Roy 《等离子体物理论文集》1992,32(2):101-107
By using the two-point space correlation function an equation for the power spectral density for a random Langmuir field has been derived. The dispersion relation for a monochromatic wave is regained for a delta spectrum. For a Gaussian spectrum, the maximum growth rate is less than that for a monochromatic wave. For a “meander spectrum”, the growth rate is increased with the width of the spectrum in the first stage then decreased for further increase of the width. 相似文献
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R. Krishna Mohan T. Chang S. Bekker C. Ostrander C. Dollinger Z. Cole R.R. Reibel K.D. Merkel Y. Sun F. Schlottau 《Journal of luminescence》2007,127(1):116-128
This paper outlines the efforts to develop an ultra-wideband spectrum analyzer that takes advantage of the broad spectral response and fine spectral resolution (∼25 kHz) of spatial-spectral (S2) materials. The S2 material can process the full spectrum of broadband microwave transmissions, with adjustable time apertures (down to 100 μs) and fast update rates (up to 1 kHz). A cryogenically cooled Tm:YAG crystal that operates on microwave signals modulated onto a stabilized optical carrier at 793 nm is used as the core for the spectrum analyzer. Efforts to develop novel component technologies that enhance the performance of the system and meet the application requirements are discussed, including an end-to-end device model for parameter optimization. We discuss the characterization of new ultra-wide bandwidth S2 materials. Detection and post-processing module development including the implementation of a novel spectral recovery algorithm using field programmable gate array technology (FPGA) is also discussed. 相似文献
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A.F. Krupnov C. Leforestier 《Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer》2009,110(8):427-434
Attempts of experimental observations of the water dimer spectrum at equilibrium conditions have lasted for more than 40 years since the dimeric hypothesis for extra absorption, but have not yielded any positive confirmed result. In the present paper a new approach is considered: using a high-resolution millimeter-wave spectrum of the water dimer at equilibrium, calculated by a rigorous fully quantum method, we show the potential existence of discernible spectral series of discrete features of the water dimer, which correspond to J+1←J, K lines of E1 symmetry, already observed in cold molecular beam experiments and having, therefore, well-defined positions. The intensity of spectral series and contrast to the remaining continuum-like spectrum of the dimer are calculated and compared with the monomer absorption. The suitability of two types of microwave spectrometers for observing these series is considered. The collisional line-width of millimeter lines of the dimer at equilibrium is estimated and the width of IR dimer bands is discussed. It is pointed out that the large width of IR dimer bands may pose difficulties for their reliable observation and conclusive separation from the rest of absorption in water vapor. This situation contrasts with the suggested approach of dimer detection in millimeter-waves. 相似文献