用有限场和耦合微扰方法对N-氧化吡啶及其-NH2,-NO2单双取代衍生物非线性光学性质的研究

用 FF/PM3 ,FF/AM1 ,CPHF/PM3方法 ,对 N -氧化吡啶及其— NH2 ,— NO2 单双取代衍生物体系的非线性光学性质进行了理论研究 .结果表明 ,这类化合物具有很好的非线性光学性质 ,其中 2 -NH2 -5-NO2 -Py-1 -O和 2 -NH2 -4 -NO2 -Py-1 -O的二阶非线性光学系数均很大 ,而 2 -NH2 -5-NO2 -Py-1 -O三阶非线性光学系数最大 ,且略大于 1 -NH2 -4 -NO2 -Ph     

硫化聚并苯导电材料结构的理论化学研究

采用量子化学从头算方法和AM1半经验方法,探讨了聚并苯导电聚合物硫掺杂前后结构和电子性质的变化,提出了硫化聚并苯导电材料的“双层夹心”分子结构模型.研究表明,硫化后的聚并苯材料,S原子位于两层聚并苯分子平面中间,并与两个聚并苯分子平面中相应的两个C原子相键合,形成C—S—C“桥式”共价单键;并解释了硫化聚并苯导电材料比本征态聚并苯材料作电极时可逆容量增大的原因.     

苯衍生物二阶非线性光学性质的量子化学研究

本文采用引入外场微扰的CNDO/S—CI方法,计算了一系列苯衍生物的分子二阶非线性光学系数,探讨了取代基的电子性质、取代位置及取代基数目对分子二阶非线性光学系数的影响.结果表明;取代基的供电能力越强,分子的二阶非线性光学系数越大.D,A对位二取代苯和1—D,2.4—A,A三取代苯具有较高的非线性光学效应,苯衍生物中取代基数目为3时分子具有最佳的非线性光学效应.文中还对上述结论给出了初步的理论解释.     

取代吡啶系列分子的光谱和二阶非线性光学性质的理论研究

采用AM1方法优化分子构型,用ZINDO方法研究了氨基、硝基取代的吡啶系列分子的电子光谱,并在此基础上用自编程序计算了这些分子的二阶非线性光学系数,对取代吡啶系列分子的二阶非线性光学系数的影响因素进行了探讨,并在微观上给予了解释。     

聚并苯和取代聚并苯电子性质的量子化学研究

准一维聚并苯体系是一类典型的梯形结构有机导体材料．采用量子化学一维紧束缚自洽场晶体轨道ＣＮＤＯ／２　方法，研究了顺、反式聚并苯和取代聚并苯的结构、能量和电子布居．计算了甲基、甲氧基、氯和羟基取代聚并苯的电子能带，与聚并苯进行了分析比较．结果表明：（１）单取代使对称性明显降低，对聚并苯的能带结构影响较大，使能隙值普遍增大，导电性能降低．（２）双取代虽使电荷重新分布，但基本保持聚并苯自身结构特征．取代聚并苯与聚并苯比较能隙值变化不大．对于不同的取代基影响规律不同．对位双取代与间位双取代也表现出差异．（３）顺式和反式结构聚并苯的电子性质略有差异，取代后变化较大．     

苯并五元杂环系列分子的结构与非线性光学性质

采用AM1方法优化分子构型，用ZINDO方法研究了氨基，硝基取代的2－苯基苯并噻唑系列分子的光谱，并在此基础上用自编程序计算了这些分子的二阶非线性光学系数，对取代2－苯基苯并噻唑系列分子的二阶非线性光学系数的影响因素进行了探讨，并在微观上给予解释。     

氮杂联苯乙烯系列衍生物的二阶非线性光学性质的理论研究

新型高非线性光学活性生色团分子的设计与探索已成为近来工作的焦点 [1] .化学家们 [2～ 9]研究了大量具有π电子结构和有分子内电子转移的有机化合物如推拉苯乙烯、 Schiff碱、偶氮苯、取代吡啶、噻吩乙烯等体系的二阶非线性光学特性 ,发现这些推拉共轭体系的共轭链长增加均导致二阶非线性极化率 β增大 ,紫外光谱红移 ,透明性降低 .本文研究推拉氮杂苯乙烯及二苯乙烯系列衍生物的二阶非线性光学性质 .结果表明 ,对于苯乙烯和二苯乙烯衍生物 ,引入嘧啶环既提高了二阶非线性光学系数 ,又不影响材料的透明性 ,是很有前途的二阶非线性光学候…     

硼羰基取代螺旋共轭化合物电子结构的理论研究

在AM1方法优化的几何结构基础上,用INDO/CI-SOS方法深入探讨硼羰基(B—CO)螺旋共轭化合物的二阶非线性光学性质,讨论了硼羰基的不同取代位置对螺旋共轭体系的电子光谱、二阶非线性光学系数的影响.结果表明硼羰基的引入可改善体系的非线性光学性质,随着硼羰基个数的增加,二阶非线性光学系数增大,大入射波长为1064nm时,β绝对值比未被取代的螺旋共轭化合物的β值增大一个数量级,达到13 84×10-40C·m.     

含三亚吡嗪生色团的有机芳香分子的二阶NLO性质

采用密度泛函理论B3LYP/6-311G**方法,对一系列含三亚吡嗪生色团的有机芳香分子的几何结构、二阶NLO性质和电子光谱进行了理论研究.结果表明:研究分子中两侧取代基的推或拉电子能力和相对位置的变化,以及引入五元芳香杂环都将对分子的二阶NLO系数β值产生重要影响.当左右两侧取代基分别为—NO2和—C(NH2)3以及引入吡咯杂环时可以获得最大的β值,并显示了较好的透光性.该系列化合物在NLO材料领域有着较好的应用前景.     

N-取代吩噻嗪衍生物分子的结构和二阶非线性光学性质的理论研究

在ZINDO方法基础上, 按完全态求和(SOS)公式, 编制了计算分子二阶非线性光学系数βijk的程序。研究了各种取代基在吩噻嗪的氮上取代后衍生物的结构和二阶非线性光学系数。结论是N上取代推电子基对增大二阶光学非线性有利, N上取代吸电子基对增大二阶光学非线性不利。扩大共轭范围对增大二阶光学非线性有利。对上述结果在微观上给予了解释。     

PMDA-BPDA-HAB聚苯并噁唑的合成及耐热性

PMDA-BPDA-HAB聚苯并噁唑的合成及耐热性;均苯四甲酸二酐;联苯四羧酸二酐;二羟基联苯胺;聚酰亚胺;聚苯并噁唑;耐热性     

Studies on the Formation of Catalytically Active PGM Nanoparticles from Model Solutions as a Basis for the Recycling of Spent Catalysts

The paper presents basic studies on the precipitation of platinum, palladium, rhodium, and ruthenium nanoparticles from model acidic solutions using sodium borohydride, ascorbic acid, and sodium formate as reducing agents and polyvinylpyrrolidone as a stabilizing agent. The size of the obtained PGM particles after precipitation with NaBH₄ solution does not exceed 55 nm. NaBH₄ is an efficient reducer; the precipitation yields for Pt, Pd, Ru, Rh are 75, 90, 65 and 85%, respectively. By precipitation with ascorbic acid, it is possible to efficiently separate Pt, Rh, and Ru from Pd from the two-component mixtures. The obtained Pt, Pd, and Rh precipitates have the catalytic ability of the catalytic reaction of p-nitrophenol to p-aminophenol. The morphological characteristic of the PGM precipitates was analyzed by AFM, SEM-EDS, and TEM.     

Synthesis of Some Novel Class of Bis(isoxazoline) and Bis(aziridine) Derivatives

Synthesis of some new bis(isoxazoline) derivatives has been described from terepthaldehyde derived bis(nitrones) using microwave irradiation via 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction. Bis(isoxazoline) derivatives in turn successfully converted into new bis(aziridine) derivatives via Baldwin rearrangement. Simple reaction methodology, non involvement of catalysts, and good to excellent yields are the important features noticed in this synthesis.     

柴油加氢精制催化剂制备技术

柴油加氢精制催化剂制备技术的发展大致经历了3个阶段,由此形成了三代柴油加氢催化剂:单层分散的负载型金属硫化物催化剂,多层分散的负载型金属硫化物催化剂和非负载型金属硫化物催化剂。本文对金属硫化钼基柴油加氢精制催化剂的应用背景、制备思想及催化剂研究开发现状进行了系统的总结,对柴油加氢催化剂的发展方向进行了展望。     

Direct Quantitation of Phytocannabinoids by One-Dimensional 1H qNMR and Two-Dimensional 1H-1H COSY qNMR in Complex Natural Mixtures

The widespread use of phytocannabinoids or cannabis extracts as ingredients in numerous types of products, in combination with the legal restrictions on THC content, has created a need for the development of new, rapid, and universal analytical methods for their quantitation that ideally could be applied without separation and standards. Based on previously described qNMR studies, we developed an expanded ¹H qNMR method and a novel 2D-COSY qNMR method for the rapid quantitation of ten major phytocannabinoids in cannabis plant extracts and cannabis-based products. The ¹H qNMR method was successfully developed for the quantitation of cannabidiol (CBD), cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), cannabinol (CBN), cannabichromene (CBC), cannabichromenic acid (CBCA), cannabigerol (CBG), cannabigerolic acid (CBGA), Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (Δ9-THCA), Δ8-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ8-THC), cannabielsoin (CBE), and cannabidivarin (CBDV). Moreover, cannabidivarinic acid (CBDVA) and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabivarinic acid (Δ9-THCVA) can be distinguished from CBDA and Δ9-THCA respectively, while cannabigerovarin (CBGV) and Δ8-tetrahydrocannabivarin (Δ8-THCV) present the same ¹H-spectra as CBG and Δ8-THC, respectively. The COSY qNMR method was applied for the quantitation of CBD, CBDA, CBN, CBG/CBGA, and THC/THCA. The two methods were applied for the analysis of hemp plants; cannabis extracts; edible cannabis medium-chain triglycerides (MCT); and hemp seed oils and cosmetic products with cannabinoids. The ¹H-NMR method does not require the use of reference compounds, and it requires only a short time for analysis. However, complex extracts in ¹H-NMR may have a lot of signals, and quantitation with this method is often hampered by peak overlap, with 2D NMR providing a solution to this obstacle. The most important advantage of the COSY NMR quantitation method was the determination of the legality of cannabis plants, extracts, and edible oils based on their THC/THCA content, particularly in the cases of some samples for which the determination of THC/THCA content by ¹H qNMR was not feasible.     

Magnetism of metal-nitroxide compounds involving bis-chelating imidazole and benzimidazole substituted nitronyl nitroxide free radicals

Coordination compounds based on imidazole and benzimidazole substituted nitronyl nitroxide radicals with transition metal ions and trivalent lanthanide ions are described from the perspective of their magnetic properties.For the transition metal compounds the crystal structures show various metal-nitroxide dimensionalities including mononuclear (0D), one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) complexes. The mononuclear complexes were isolated with most metal ions of the first transition series. One copper(II) complex shows a copper(II)-radical ferromagnetic coupling (J = +75 cm⁻¹) while for the other mononuclear compounds, mainly with manganese(II), the metal-radical interactions are antiferromagnetic. The one-dimensional and two-dimensional complexes are manganese(II) compounds which show canting effects leading to weak ferromagnetism.For the trivalent lanthanide ions [La(III), Gd(III) and Eu(III)], three series of mononuclear complexes were obtained in which the metal center is bound to four, two or one nitroxide radicals depending on the counter ions and ancillary ligands. Unexpectedly, in most gadolinium(III) complexes, the Gd(III)-radical interactions were found to be antiferromagnetic in contradiction with other foundings and previous theoretical models. In support to the magnetic studies, the optical properties of the lantanide complexes have also been investigated and are briefly described.     

Transition metal complexes of the tripodal ligand 4-(2′-pyridylmethyl)-4-azaheptane-1,7-diamine. Crystal structures of [CuLCl]ClO4 and [NiL(MeCN)2](ClO4)2

The tripodal ligand 4-(2′-pyridylmthyl)-4-azaheptane-1,7-diamine has been prepared by reaction of 2-aminemethyl pyridine with acrylonitrile, followed by the reduction of the nitrile groups. Copper(II), nickel(II), zinc(II), cobalt(III) and chromium(III) complexes of the ligand have been prepared and characterized and the crystal structures of the complexes [CuLCl]ClO₄ and [NiL(MeCN)₂](ClO₄)₂ determined. The copper complex is five coordinate with approximate square pyramidal stereochemistry with the apical position occupied by a primary amine donor. The nickel complex is octahedral with the pyridine nitrogen donor lying trans to an acetonitrile ligand.     

Simple,Selective, and Sensitive Spectrophotometric Method for Determination of Trace Amounts of Nickel（Ⅱ）, Copper （Ⅱ）, Cobalt （Ⅱ）, and Iron （Ⅲ） with a Novel Reagent 2-Pyridine Carboxaldehyde Isonicotinyl Hydrazone

A selective and sensitive reagent of 2-pyridine carboxaldehyde isonicotinyl hydrazone（2-PYAINH） was synthesized and studied for the spectrophotometric determination of nickel, copper, cobalt, and iron in detail. At a pH value of 7.0, 9,0, 9.0, and 8.0, respectively, which greatly increased the selectivity; nickel, copper, cobalt, and iron reacted with 2-PYAINH to form a 1：2 yellow-orange, 1：2 yellow-green, 1：2 yellow and 1：1 yellow complexes, with absorption peaks at 363, 352, 346, and 359 nm, respectively. Under the optimal conditions, Beer＇s law was obeyed over the ranges of 0.01-1.4, 0.01-1.5, 0.01-2.7, and 0.01-5.4 mg/L respectively. The apparent molar absorptivity and Sandell＇s sensitivities were 8.4×10^4, 5.2×10^4, 7.1×10^4, and 3.9×10^4 L·mol^-l·cm^-1, respectively, and 0.00069, 0.0012, 0.00078, and 0.0014 μg·cm2, respectively. The detection limits were found to be 0.001, 0.002, 0.003, and 0.01 mg/L, respectively. The detailed study of various interfering ions to make the method more sensitive was carried out and selective and several real samples were analyzed with satisfactory results.     

The development and application of guidance on equipment qualification of analytical instruments

 This paper describes the development of guidance for the equipment qualification (EQ) of analytical instruments. EQ is a formal process that provides documented evidence that an instrument is fit for its intended purpose and kept in a state of maintenance and calibration consistent with its use.     

Electrochemically selective determination of dopamine in the presence of ascorbic and uric acids on the surface of the modified Nafion/single wall carbon nanotube/poly(3-methylthiophene) glassy carbon electrodes

A voltammetric method based on a combination of incorporated Nafion, single-walled carbon nanotubes and poly(3-methylthiophene) film-modified glassy carbon electrode (NF/SWCNT/PMT/GCE) has been successfully developed for selective determination of dopamine (DA) in the ternary mixture of dopamine, ascorbic acid (AA) and uric acid (UA) in 0.1M phosphate buffer solution (PBS) pH 4. It was shown that to detect DA from binary DA-AA mixture, the use of NF/PMT/GCE was sufficient, but to detect DA from ternary DA-AA-UA mixture NF/SWCNT/PMT/GCE was required. The later modified electrode exhibits superior electrocatalytic activity towards AA, DA and UA thanks to synergic effect of NF/SWCNT (combining unique properties of SWCNT such as high specific surface area, electrocatalytic and adsorptive properties, with the cation selectivity of NF). On the surface of NF/SWCNT/PMT/GCE AA, DA, UA were oxidized respectively at distinguishable potentials of 0.15, 0.37 and 0.53 V (vs. Ag/AgCl), to form well-defined and sharp peaks, making possible simultaneous determination of each compound. Also, it has several advantages, such as simple preparation method, high sensitivity, low detection limit and excellent reproducibility. Thus, the proposed NF/SWCNT/PMT/GCE could be advantageously employed for the determination of DA in real pharmaceutical formulations.