夹芯型雷达吸波结构的多目标优化

通过引入一个无量纲参数,将重量和雷达吸波性能两个优化目标结合于同一个目标函数中,提出了针对含有多孔材料芯层的夹芯型雷达吸波结构（RASS）的一种多目标优化设计方法．优化模型为承受均布载荷的悬臂夹芯板,考虑4种不同形式的芯层．由传输矩阵法和周期矩量法计算出镜面反射率的平均值,作为表征吸波性能的指标;而面板屈服、芯层剪切破坏和面板起皱则作为优化设计中的力学性能约束．优化结果表明,以填充超轻质海绵体的复合材料二维点阵为芯层的夹芯结构,比含有多孔泡沫或六角蜂窝芯层的夹芯结构更适合作为轻质夹芯型雷达吸波结构．Kagome二维点阵则表现出优于正方二维点阵的吸波性能．     

基于传递矩阵法的周期性圆柱壳体振动特性分析

基于声子晶体理论和Love壳体理论,建立了圆柱壳体的轴对称波动微分方程,数值分析了周期性圆柱壳的能带特性.利用传递矩阵法建立了相邻胞元间的传递矩阵,推导了周期性圆柱壳各胞元环径向轴对称波动动态刚度矩阵.结合数值算例分析了弹性模量变化和几何尺寸变化对圆柱壳体波的传播特性的影响,数值结果表明:振动波在传播过程中存在禁带域和通带域,长度比的变化对周期性圆柱壳体禁带的幅值、宽度和个数影响显著,因此可以通过调整结构尺寸参数改变结构中波的传播特性,该文的研究可以为结构的抗震设计、减振控制提供一种新思路.     

弹性介质中受轴向冲击载荷作用的圆柱壳的屈曲临界载荷计算分析

建立并求解了弹性介质中圆柱壳的径向位移控制方程,考虑边界条件及相容条件,得到了应力波传播及反射过程中圆柱壳的动力屈曲分叉条件.通过计算得到了不同时间段屈曲临界载荷与应力波波阵面到达圆柱壳的位置、弹性介质的刚度、壳体未嵌入弹性介质部分的长度与总长之比的关系.数值计算结果表明,弹性介质中的圆柱壳发生轴对称屈曲和非轴对称屈曲趋势一致;嵌入弹性介质部分越深、弹性介质刚度越大圆柱壳越难屈曲;屈曲临界载荷随着弹性介质刚度的增大经历了增长缓慢、增长迅速以及增长较慢3个阶段;应力波反射前波阵面通过分界面后,屈曲仅发生在应力波传播区域,反射波波阵面通过分界面前,临界载荷较小时屈曲先发生在反射端部,随着轴向阶数增大,屈曲覆盖整个圆柱壳区域,反射波波阵面通过分界面后,壳体发生的屈曲始终覆盖整个圆柱壳区域.     

考虑横向剪切变形时通过层合复合材料圆柱壳的声音传输分析模型

由于复合材料结构具有较高的强度一重量比，经常在航空航天工业中广泛使用。在空中声音传输意义上研究声音的传输损耗，通过一个无限层合复合材料圆柱壳体向航行器内部传输。壳体浸泡在外部流体介质中，内部也包含有流体，气流在外部流体介质中以常速流动。根据层合复合材料壳体的一阶剪切变形理论（FSDT），同时求得其精确解和声波方程。求得其传输损耗的数值解并与其它作者的结果进行了比较。在一定数值范围内，研究了结构特性和飞行状态，特别是Mach数、层合的次序及其偏斜角度，对传输损耗值的影响。此外，使用经典薄壳理论（CST）和一阶剪切变形理论（FSDT），比较了层合各向同性复合材料圆柱壳的传输损耗。     

碳纤维/树脂基复合材料曲壁蜂窝夹芯结构的三点弯曲性能北大核心CSCD

为研究碳纤维复合材料(CFRP)曲壁蜂窝结构在三点弯曲载荷作用下的承载特性与失效模式,对不同芯层高度、面板厚度的结构进行了理论预报、数值模拟及试验.首先,根据夹芯结构的主要失效模式,提出了相应的理论预报公式,并绘制了失效机制图;其次,建立了CFRP曲壁蜂窝夹芯结构的有限元仿真模型,对其在三点弯曲载荷作用下的典型失效行为进行模拟;最后,通过模压成型工艺制备了不同尺寸的CFRP曲壁蜂窝夹芯结构,并将试验结果与理论、模拟结果进行比较.结果表明,蜂窝夹芯结构承载能力与芯层高度、面板厚度密切相关,结构芯层及面板刚度随其尺寸的减小而下降,导致结构失效模式由面芯脱黏失效变为面板压溃失效.     

多孔弹性层的刚性边界对扭转表面波传播的影响

根据介质的力学性能,正如Cowin及Nunziato一样,导出多孔弹性层覆盖在多孔弹性半空间上时,研究其刚性边界对扭转表面波传播的影响.导出了速度方程并对其结果进行了讨论.发现介质中可能存在两类扭转表面波阵面,而Dey等(Tamkang Journal of Science and Engineering,2003,6(4):241-249.)给出的没有刚性边界面时,存在3类扭转表面波阵面.研究还揭示,多孔弹性层中Love波也可能随同扭转表面波一起存在.值得注意的是,刚性边界面多孔弹性层中Love波的相速度,不同于自由边界面多孔弹性层中的相速度.实际观察到扭转波的色散性,以及速度随着振荡频率的增大而减小.     

有限厚度圆柱壳热冲击问题的广义热弹性解

针对包含有界边界的轴对称结构受热冲击作用的广义热弹性问题进行了研究分析.基于Lord-Shulman广义热弹性理论(L-S理论),构建了热冲击下有限厚度圆柱壳热弹性响应的广义热弹性模型.借助Laplace(拉普拉斯)变换技术以及Bessel函数的渐进特性,推导了温变载荷作用下,圆柱壳内部位移、温度以及应力场的解析表达式.该表达式不仅可以清楚地揭示热冲击下热波、热弹性波在壳体内部的传播、反射以及叠加的作用过程,更可准确地捕捉到热波、热弹性波波前位置处的阶跃现象,并对热冲击诱发的动态热应力峰值进行有效预测.     

约束层阻尼圆柱壳的自由振动

给出了被动约束层阻尼圆柱壳(PCLD)的自由振动特性．波传播法被用来求解两端简支的PCLD圆柱壳的振动,而不是用有限元法、传递矩阵法和Rayleigh-Ritz法．基于Sanders薄壳理论,导出了PCLD正交各向异性圆柱壳的控制方程．数值结果表明当前的方法要比目前其它方法有效．讨论了粘弹性层和约束层的厚度,正交各向异性约束层的弹性模量比率和粘弹性层的复剪切模量对频率参数和损失因子的影响．     

各向异性粘弹性多孔介质中平面波的传播

讨论了弹性多孔介质中波的传播的（或许是）最一般的模型。考虑的介质是粘弹性的、各向异性的、多孔固体骨架，其各向异性可渗透的孔隙中充满着粘性液体。考虑一般类型的各向异性，并且介质中的衰减波作为非均质波处理。对介质中4种衰减波中的每一种，将复慢矢量分解定义为相速度、均质衰减、非均质衰减和衰减角。用一个无量纲参数来度量非均质波与其均质波的区别。利用北海沙岩的数值模型，分析传播方向、非均质参数、频率范围、各向异性对称性、骨架滞弹性和孔隙流体粘度，对该类介质中波传播特性的影响。     

弹性固体和充满两种互不相溶粘性流体的多孔固体之间界面的反射和折射及其衰减波

在充满两种互不相溶粘性流体的多孔固体中,研究弹性波的传播.用3个数性的势函数描述3个纵波的传播,用1个矢性的势函数单独描述横波的传播.根据这些势函数,在不同的组合相中,定义出质点的位移.可以看出,可能存在3个纵波和1个横波.在一个弹性固体半空间与一个充满两种互不相溶粘性流体的多孔固体半空间之间,研究其界面上入射纵波和横波所引起的反射和折射现象.由于孔隙流体中有粘性,折射到多孔介质中的波,朝垂直界面方向偏离.将入射波引起的反射波和折射波的波幅比,作为非奇异的线性代数方程组计算.进一步通过这些波幅比,计算出各个被离散波在入射波能量中所占的份额.通过一个特殊的数值模型,计算出波幅比和能量比系数随入射角的变化.超过SV波的临界入射角,反射波P将不再出现.越过界面的能量守恒原理得到了验证.绘出了图形并对不同孔隙饱和度以及频率的变化,讨论它们对能量分配的影响.     

流体饱和多孔隙介质波动方程小波有限差分法

研究流体饱和多孔隙介质中波动方程的数值模拟．针对求解二维弹性波方程问题,提出小波有限差分法．该方法综合了小波多分辨分析计算灵活、计算效率高特性和有限差分易于实现的优点．数值模拟的结果显示,此方法对于求解流体饱和多孔隙介质方程的数值模拟是有效稳定的．     

Microscale Investigations of Highfrequency Wave Propagation Through Highly Porous Media

Wave propagation in highly porous materials has a well established theoretical background. Still there are parameters which require complex laboratory experimentation in order to find numerical values. This paper presents an effective method to calculate the tortuosity of aluminum foam using numerical simulations. The work flow begins with the acquisition of the foam geometry by means of a micro-CT scanner and further image segmentation and analysis. The elastodynamic wave propagation equation is solved using a velocity-stress rotated staggered finite-difference technique. The effective wave velocities are calculated and using the fluid and, aluminum effective properties, the tortuosity is determined. (© 2012 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Possibility of Love wave propagation in a porous layer under the effect of linearly varying directional rigidities

The present paper investigates the Love wave propagation in an anisotropic porous layer under the effect of rigid boundary. Effect of initial stresses on the propagation of Love waves in a fluid saturated, anisotropic, porous layer having linear variation in directional rigidities lying in contact over a pre-stressed, inhomogeneous elastic half-space has also been considered. The dispersion equation of phase velocity has been derived and the influence of medium characteristic such as porosity, rigid boundary, initial stress, anisotropy and inhomogeneity over it has been discussed. The velocities of Love waves have been calculated numerically as a function of KH (where K is the wave number and H is the thickness of the layer) and are presented in a number of graphs.     

流体饱和多孔介质中波传播问题的有限元分析

采用基于混合物理论的多孔介质模型,给出流体饱和两相多孔介质波动问题的有限元分析方法·　采用罚方法导出的有限元动力方程,时间积分可采用显式和隐式积分两种方案·　用编制的有限元程序分析了一维柱体在跃阶载荷和脉冲载荷作用下的波传播问题,得到该两种瞬态载荷作用下固体和流体相位移、速度以及固体相有效应力和孔隙压力随时间的变化关系,并对波的传播现象进行了分析·　所得结果与理论相吻合·     

Investigation of normal waves in a porous layer surrounded by elastic half-spaces

The wave field and dispersion equations are found for a porous layer surrounded by two elastic half-spaces. The porous layer is described by the effective model of a medium in which elastic and fluid layers alternate. To investigate the normal waves, all real roots of dispersion equations are determined and their movements as the wave number increases are investigated. As a result, the dispersion curves of all normal waves are constructed and the dependence of normal waves on the parameters of the porous layer and elastic half-spaces is analyzed. Bibliography: 6 titles.     

Wave Propagation in an Elastic Nonuniform Layer in Contact with Liquid Media

The problem of wave propagation in a nonuniform elastic layer located between two compressible liquids with different physical properties is stated and solved by series expansion in the small coordinate. It is shown that different types of inhomogeneities in the layer can cause strong concentration of the wave fields in either the central portion or near the boundaries of the layer.     

Love waves in a fluid-saturated porous layer under a rigid boundary and lying over an elastic half-space under gravity

In this paper, mathematical modeling of the propagation of Love waves in a fluid-saturated porous layer under a rigid boundary and lying over an elastic half-space under gravity has been considered. The equations of motion have been formulated separately for different media under suitable boundary conditions at the interface of porous layer, elastic half-space under gravity and rigid layer. Following Biot, the frequency equation has been derived which contain Whittaker’s function and its derivative that have been expanded asymptotically up to second term (for approximate result) for large argument due to small values of Biot’s gravity parameter (varying from 0 to 1). The effect of porosity and gravity of the layers in the propagation of Love waves has been studied. The effect of hydrostatic initial stress generated due to gravity in the half-space has also been shown in the phase velocity of Love waves. The phase velocity of Love waves for first two modes has been presented graphically. Frequency equations have also been derived for some particular cases, which are in perfect agreement with standard results. Subsequently the lower and upper bounds of Love wave speed have also been discussed.     

Numerical study of wave overtopping of a seawall supported by porous structures

This paper presents a VOF-based two-phase flow model for the simulation of wave interactions with seawall supported by a porous terrace. Firstly, the model was verified against laboratory data in a simple case for wave overtopping of a vertical wall. Comparison of computed and measured wave properties showed reasonably good agreement. The model was then applied to study the interactions of waves and a seawall protected by porous structures with a permeable terrace. The application results showed that the overtopping rate was strongly related to the energy dissipation through the drag force; the porous reef and terrace were very effective to produce a low crest type seawall. It is concluded that there exist two optimum values of porosity of the submerged reef, about of 0.25 and 0.7, that give minimum overtopping rates. Whereas, there is an effective range of porosity of the permeable terrace varying from 0.4 to 0.65 for significantly reducing the overtopping rate. The verification results confirm that the VOF-based two-phase flow model is sufficient robust to simulate the wave overtopping of coastal structures with reasonable accuracy.     

Reflected-refracted and head sh waves formed on a thin layer that is in welded contact with two elastic half-spaces

The reflection and refraction of SH waves by an elastic layer sandwiched between two elastic half-spaces are studied by using the numerical simulation on the basis of contour integration in the complex plane of the horizontal component of the slowness vector. The propagation of body, channel, head, and screened body waves are simulated in time and spectral domains. The wave fields associated with the propagation in the layer have strong attenuation, provided that the wave length is smaller than the value of the thickness of the layer. The stationary wave field of such waves is of resonance nature. Moreover, the maximum of the modulus of the spectral function is shifted to higher frequences as the epicentric distance increases. Thus, the attenuation of such waves depends on spectral characteristics of a source-receiver system. Translated fromZapiski Nauchnykh Seminarov POMI, Vol. 225, 1997, pp. 91–120. Translated by T. N. Surkova.