New Perturbation Theory for Quantum Field Theory: Convergent Series Instead of Asymptotic Expansions

We present a new approach to perturbation theory for quantum field theory based on convergent series instead of asymptotic expansions. This approach could be considered as the next step after traditional perturbation theory calculations, which allows more comprehensive use of previously obtained information in finding numerical values with greater accuracy.     

定态微扰论的一种处理新方法

利用渐近方法,直接由Ｌａｇｒａｎｇｅ常数变易法求解含微扰项的Ｓｔｕｒｍ－Ｌｉｏｕｖｉｌｅ本征值问题．最后举一实例证明,与传统的展开法（结果为无穷多项）相比较,两种方法完全一致,等价,适用范围也相同,而且本文所述方法简明（一般只含两项）更具有一定的物理意义     

Perturbation Theory for the Two-Particle Schrodinger Operator on a One-Dimensional Lattice

We consider the two-particle Schrodinger operator H(k) on the one-dimensional lattice ℤ. The operator H(π) has infinitely many eigenvalues z_m(π) = v(m), m ∈ ℤ₊. If the potential v increases on ℤ₊, then only the eigenvalue z₀(π) is simple, and all the other eigenvalues are of multiplicity two. We prove that for each of the doubly degenerate eigenvalues z_m(π), m ∈ ℕ, the operator H(π) splits into two nondegenerate eigenvalues z _m ⁻ (k) and z _m ⁺ (k) under small variations of k ∈ (π − δ, π). We show that z _m ⁻ (k) < z _m ⁺ (k) and obtain an estimate for z _m ⁺ (k) − z _m ⁻ (k) for k ∈ (π − δ, π). The eigenvalues z₀(k) and z ₁ ⁻ (k) increase on [π − δ, π]. If (Δv)(m) > 0, then z _m ^± (k) for m ≥ 2 also has this property. __________ Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Matematicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 145, No. 2, pp. 212–220, November, 2005.     

Ultraviolet Finiteness of Chiral Perturbation Theory in Two-Dimensional Quantum Electrodynamics

We consider the perturbation theory in the fermion mass (chiral perturbation theory) in the two-dimensional quantum electrodynamics. With this aim, we rewrite the theory in the equivalent bosonic form in which the interaction has the exponential form and the fermion mass becomes the coupling constant. We reformulate the bosonic perturbation theory in the superpropagator language and analyze its ultraviolet behavior. We show that the boson Green's functions without vacuum loops remain finite in all orders of the perturbation theory in the fermion mass.     

Perturbation Theory of Resonances and Embedded Eigenvalues of the Schrodinger Operator For a Crystal Film

We obtain formulas for resonances and eigenvalues embedded in the continuous spectrum that are similar to formulas in the standard perturbation theory. We prove that although the imaginary part of the first-order correction to the eigenvalue embedded in the continuous spectrum is zero, the perturbed eigenfunction, as a rule, ceases to be square-summable.__________Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Matematicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 143, No. 3, pp. 417–430, June, 2005.     

地球引力场对卫星有摄运动的一种计算方法

本文应用Delaunay变量,从理论力学的哈密顿方程出发,通过正则变换求解了地球引力摄动对卫星运动轨道的影响,导出卫星位置和速度随时间的变化关系.     

Perturbation Theory for Solutions to Second Order Elliptic Operators with Complex Coefficients and the L p Dirichlet Problem

We establish a Dahlberg-type perturbation theorem for second order divergence form elliptic operators with complex coefficients. In our previous paper, we showed the following result: If L_0 = div A~0(x)? + B~0(x) · ? is a p-elliptic operator satisfying the assumptions of Theorem 1.1 then the LpDirichlet problem for the operator L_0 is solvable in the upper half-space Rn+. In this paper we prove that the Lpsolvability is stable under small perturbations of L_0. That is if L_1 is another divergence form elliptic operator with complex coefficients and the coefficients of the operators L_0 and L_1 are sufficiently close in the sense of Carleson measures, then the LpDirichlet problem for the operator L_1 is solvable for the same value of p. As a corollary we obtain a new result on Lpsolvability of the Dirichlet problem for operators of the form L = div A(x)? + B(x) · ? where the matrix A satisfies weaker Carleson condition(expressed in term of oscillation of coefficients). In particular the coefficients of A need no longer be differentiable and instead satisfy a Carleson condition that controls the oscillation of the matrix A over Whitney boxes. This result in the real case has been established by Dindoˇs,Petermichl and Pipher.     

The Thin Film Equation with Non-Zero Contact Angle: A Singular Perturbation Approach

In this paper we consider the thin film equation with prescribed non-zero contact angle condition for a large class of mobility coefficients, in dimension 1. We prove the global in time existence of weak solutions by using a diffuse approximation of the free boundary condition. This approach, which can be physically motivated by the introduction of singular disjoining/conjoining pressure forces had been suggested in particular by Bertsch et al. in [11 Bertsch , M. , Giacomelli , L. , Karali , G. ( 2005 ). Thin-film equations with “partial wetting” energy: Existence of weak solutions . Phys. D 209 : 17 – 27 .[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]].     

Isomonodromy Approach to Boundary Value Problems for the Ernst Equation

We use the isomonodromy properties of theta-functional solutions of the Ernst equation and an asymptotic expansion in the spectral parameter to establish algebraic relations, enforced by the underlying Riemann surface, between the metric functions and their derivatives. These relations determine which classes of boundary value problems can be solved on a given surface. The situation on lower-genus Riemann surfaces is studied in detail.     

Recent Progress in Applications of the Conditional Nonlinear Optimal Perturbation Approach to Atmosphere-Ocean Sciences

The conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation (CNOP for short) approach is a powerful tool for predictability and targeted observation studies in atmosphere-ocean sciences. By fully considering nonlinearity under appropriate physical constraints, the CNOP approach can reveal the optimal perturbations of initial conditions, boundary conditions, model parameters, and model tendencies that cause the largest simulation or prediction uncertainties. This paper reviews the progress of applying the CNOP approach to atmosphere-ocean sciences during the past five years. Following an introduction of the CNOP approach, the algorithm developments for solving the CNOP are discussed.Then, recent CNOP applications, including predictability studies of some high-impact ocean-atmospheric environmental events, ensemble forecast, parameter sensitivity analysis, uncertainty estimation caused by errors of model tendency or boundary condition, are reviewed. Finally, a summary and discussion on future applications and challenges of the CNOP approach are presented.     

Dynamics of a Local Perturbation in the XY Model. I—Approach to Equilibrium

The magnetisation and spin correlation functions of the X–Y model are analysed exactly when the system is subjected to a local perturbation of the magnetic field in the z-direction. When such a perturbation is removed, these quantities approach their equilibrium values asymptotically as (time)^?1.     

Explicit Expressions for Timelike and Spacelike Observables of Quantum Chromodynamics in Analytic Perturbation Theory

We study the possibility of expressing the invariant QCD coupling function (i.e., the effective coupling constant) in an explicit analytic form in two- and three-loop approximations as well as in the case of the Padé-transformed -function. Both the timelike and spacelike domains are investigated. Technical aspects of the Shirkov–Solovtsov analytic perturbation theory are considered. Explicit expressions for the two- and three-loop effective coupling functions in the timelike domain are obtained. In the last case, we apply a new method of expanding functions represented in an arbitrary loop order of perturbation theory in powers of the two-loop function. The comparison with numerical data in the infrared region shows that the obtained explicit expressions for the three-loop functions agree fully with the exact numerical results.     

一类奇异摄动燃烧模型的渐近解

讨论了一类具有两参数的非线性奇异摄动的燃烧模型.首先,利用摄动方法,得到了燃烧模型的外部解;其次,引入一个伸长变量,构造了燃烧模型解的初始层的校正项;然后,利用多重尺度方法和合成展开方法构造了模型解的边界层校正项,并由此得到了原初始-边值问题的渐近解;最后,利用微分不等式相关的理论证明了所得到的渐近解的一致有效性.用该文的求解方法简单而可行.     

Instanton in the Field of a Pointlike Source of a Euclidean Non-Abelian Field

We consider the behavior of an (anti)instanton in the field of a pointlike source of a Euclidean non-Abelian field and investigate (anti)instanton deformations described by variations of its characteristic parameters. We formulate the variational problem of seeking the corresponding “crumpled” topological configurations and solve it algebraically using the Ritz method (of multipole decomposition of deformation fields). We investigate the domain of parameters specific for the instanton liquid model. We propose a simple method of taking contributions of such configurations in the functional integral into account approximately. In the framework of superposition analysis, we obtain an estimate for the mean energy of the source in the instanton liquid, and the estimate increases linearly with distance. In the case of a dipole in the color-singlet state, the energy is a linear function of the distance between the sources with the “strength” coefficient agreeing well with the known model and lattice estimates. __________ Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Matematicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 146, No. 2, pp. 267–298, February, 2006.     

一类在三次扰动下三次Hamilton系统的两参数开折

本文研究一类三次Ｈａｍｉｌｔｏｎ系统在三次扰动下的动力形态。利用向量场分支理论的方法讨论时该系统的两参数开折,并得到在参数平面原点领域的完整的分支图,进而对应分支图的每个区域给出相轨线图。     

Perturbation and error analyses for block downdating of a Cholesky decomposition

A new perturbation result is presented for the problem of block downdating a Cholesky decompositionX ^T X = R ^T R. Then, a condition number for block downdating is proposed and compared to other downdating condition numbers presented in literature recently. This new condition number is shown to give a tighter bound in many cases. Using the perturbation theory, an error analysis is presented for the block downdating algorithms based on the LINPACK downdating algorithm and stabilized hyperbolic transformations. An error analysis is also given for block downdating using Corrected Seminormal Equations (CSNE), and it is shown that for ill-conditioned downdates this method gives more accurate results than the algorithms based on the LINPACK downdating algorithm or hyperbolic transformations. We classify the problems for which the CSNE downdating method produces a downdated upper triangular matrix which is comparable in accuracy to the upper triangular factor obtained from the QR decomposition by Householder transformations on the data matrix with the row block deleted.Dedicated to Ji-guang Sun in honour of his 60th birthdayThe work of the second author was supported in part by the National Science Foundation grant CCR-9209726.     

Wave Field Decomposition in Anisotropic Fluids: A Spectral Theory Approach

An extension of directional wave field decomposition in acoustics from heterogenous isotropic media to generic heterogenous anisotropic media is established. We make a connection between the Dirichlet-to-Neumann map for a level plane, the solution to an algebraic Riccati operator equation, and a projector defined via a Dunford–Taylor type integral over the resolvent of a nonnormal, noncompact matrix operator with continuous spectrum.In the course of the analysis, the spectrum of the Laplace transformed acoustic system's matrix is analyzed and shown to separate into two nontrivial parts. The existence of a projector is established and using a generalized eigenvector procedure, we find the solution to the associated algebraic Riccati operator equation. The solution generates the decomposition of the wave field and is expressed in terms of the elements of a Dunford–Taylor type integral over the resolvent.     

Complex Dynamics in a Unified SIR and HIV Disease Model: A Bifurcation Theory Approach

This paper is concerned with complex dynamical behaviors of a simple unified SIR and HIV disease model with a convex incidence and four real parameters. Due to the complex nature of the disease dynamics, our goal is to explore bifurcations including multistable states, limit cycles, and homoclinic loops in the whole parameter space. The first contribution is the proof of the existence of multiple limit cycles giving rise from Hopf bifurcation, which further induces bistable or tristable states because of the coexistence of stable equilibria and periodic motion. Next, we propose that the existence of Bogdanov–Takens (BT) bifurcation yields the bifurcation of homoclinic loops, which provides a new mechanism for generating disease recurrence, for example, the relapse–remission, viral blip cycles in HIV infection. Last, we present a novel method for the derivation of the normal forms of codimension two and three BT bifurcations. The method is based on the simplest normal form theory from Yu’s previous works.

     

Perturbation of the eigenvectors of the graph Laplacian: Application to image denoising

Patch-based denoising algorithms currently provide the optimal techniques to restore an image. These algorithms denoise patches locally in “patch-space”. In contrast, we propose in this paper a simple method that uses the eigenvectors of the Laplacian of the patch-graph to denoise the image. Experiments demonstrate that our denoising algorithm outperforms the denoising gold-standards. We provide an analysis of the algorithm based on recent results on the perturbation of kernel matrices (El Karoui, 2010) [1], [2], and theoretical analyses of patch denoising algorithms (Levin et al., 2012) [3], (Taylor and Meyer, 2012) [4].     

水星近日点进动的建模与摄动解

本文针对水星近日点进动现象 ,结合广义相对论建立了奇摄动微分方程模型 ,并运用多重尺度法 ,求出了一般行星进动问题的摄动解 ,从而很好的解释了水星进动之谜和一般行星的进动问题 .