Experimental characterization of quantum-correlated twin beams and a quantum channel with twin beams

We report the generation and characterization of quantum-correlated twin beams and their application to a quantum channel. Compared with our previous results, the characterization of twin beams and the quantum channel have been studied with 7.0-dB intensity difference squeezing. The measured inference variance of twin beams is decreased to 0.40 ± 0.02. For the quantum channel, the bit error rate will be 0.035 by using 7.0-dB intensity difference squeezing compared with our previous result of 0.067 by using 4.9-dB intensity difference squeezing.     

V型三能级原子与非经典光场作用中光场特性的变化

研究了V型三能级原子BEC与双模压缩光场相互作用系统中,忽略原子间相互作用和考虑原子间相互作用时光场的正交压缩和光子数压缩。结果表明,光场的正交压缩依赖于压缩参数,而光子数压缩与压缩参数、光场信号强度有关,在一定条件下,两种压缩可同时存在。原子间相互作用影响两种压缩的涨落随时间变化的周期,以及正交分量涨落随时间变化的幅度,而对光子数压缩涨落随时间变化的幅度几乎无影响。     

在两个耦合的量子点和腔QED系统中的双模激子的压缩性质(英文)

本文研究了在两个耦合的量子点和腔QED系统中的双模激子的压缩性质.讨论了不同的初始光场对双模激子的正常压缩与和压缩的影响.计算表明,当初始态光场制备在相干态时,双模激子既不存在正常压缩,也不存在和压缩,这说明双模激子振辐的两个正交分量具有相同的量子涨落;然而,当初始腔场处于压缩真空态时,无论是正常压缩还是和压缩,双模激子振辐的两个正交分量总有一个存在压缩.这意味着量子噪声能被有效的得到抑制.此外,两种情形下的最大压缩都由初始腔场的压缩因子r决定.经过比较,我们还发现双模激子的正常压缩比和压缩大.     

Enhanced squeezing and entanglement in a non-degenerate three-level cascade laser with injected squeezed light

We consider a non-degenerate three-level cascade laser coupled to a two-mode squeezed vacuum reservoir via the lossy single-port mirror. Applying the pertinent master equation, we analyze the effects of the injected squeezed light on the quadrature squeezing, entanglement and normalized intensity difference fluctuations. We show that the injected squeezed light considerably enhances the degree of squeezing and entanglement in the two-mode light for certain initial conditions. Moreover, the injected squeezed light increases the mean photon number where the squeezing and entanglement is significant. We also show that the presence of the injected squeezed light greatly reduces the noise in the intensity difference.     

The Spectrum of Squeezing in Degenerate Four-Wave Mixing

We analyze a simple model for degenerate four wave mixing, introduced by Savage and Walls. In the resonant case, the system exhibits a phase instability when the pump intensity is increased well beyond the threshold for generation of the signal mode. Still in the resonant configuration, we calculate the amplitude and phase squeezing spectra both for the signal and the pump mode. In the signal (pump) mode, the squeezing becomes especially large when the signal (pump) mode is much more damped than the pump (signal) mode. The signal field can exhibit both phase and amplitude squeezing, in distinct domains of the parameter space. On the other hand, the pump field can show squeezing only in the amplitude quadrature component. In general, the model exhibits sizable squeezing over very extended regions of the parameter space.     

The atom-cavity system as a generator of quadrature squeezed states

This paper describes experiments with a coupled atom-cavity system generating quadrature squeezed states of light. A wide range of parameters was explored and a regime was found where a beam of laser light with significant power (0.17 mW) and good noise suppression (measured 18±3%, inferred 50±10%) was observed. An analysis of the exact phase of the noise suppression shows it to be a minimum uncertainty state with reduced noise in a combined amplitude/phase quadrature. The observations are in good qualitative agreement with a full quantum theory of squeezing in optical bistability.     

对应于铯原子D1线连续可调谐正交压缩态光场的制备

铯原子D₁线的非经典光由于其波长接近于量子点的独特优势,在固态量子信息网络的发展中有着重要的应用前景.在之前的工作中,利用两镜连续简并光学参量振荡器中的参量下转换过程,制备出2.8 d B正交压缩真空态光场.然而,所产生光场的压缩度较低,对于对压缩光具有实用意义的可调谐性能也未做进一步探究.理论分析表明,光学参量振荡器后腔镜对信号光透射率的增加及内腔损耗的减小可以提高压缩度.因此,本文在该研究基础上,通过使用高光洁度腔镜及优化腔镜镀膜参数等方式对光学参量振荡器进行改良,降低了光学参量腔阈值,获得压缩度为3.3 d B的单模正交压缩真空光.当光学参量腔运转为参量反放大状态时,在系统稳定运行的情况下,制备的明亮压缩态光场能够连续调谐80 MHz,为其在量子信息网络中的应用奠定了良好的基础.     

Phase-modulated quadrature squeezing in two coupled cavities containing a two-level system

The phase-modulated quadrature squeezing in the system that composed of two coupled cavities interacting with a two-level atom is investigated. The variances of the amplitude and phase quadrature of the output field are calculated.It turns out that the squeezing behaviors of the output field can be obviously modified due to the phase difference of the coupling strengths between the atom and the two cavities. The squeezing in one quadrature(i.e., phase quadrature) can be transferred into another(i.e., amplitude quadrature), or the quadrature squeezing located at the low-frequency region can be transferred into the high-frequency region by modulating the relative phase of the coupling strengths. Furthermore, the effects of the decay mismatch between the two cavities and the coupling mismatch between the atom and the cavities on the quadrature squeezing have been discussed. The results show that both the decay mismatch and the coupling mismatch play a positive role in generating better quadrature squeezing.     

基于压缩光的量子精密测量

对任何物理量的测量都有一定的噪声, 经典测量所能达到的最小噪声一般称为散粒噪声, 对应着测量的标准量子极限. 利用压缩光可以突破标准量子极限, 从而提高测量精度. 本文介绍了压缩态光场用于突破标准量子极限的基本原理, 以及压缩态光场在相位测量、光学横向小位移及倾斜测量、磁场测量以及时钟同步等精密测量领域的应用和最新进展.     

Efficient polarization squeezing in optical fibers

We report on a novel and efficient source of polarization squeezing that uses a single pass through an optical fiber. Using the fiber's two orthogonal polarization axes produces two identical squeezed beams. Combining these in a Stokes measurement generates polarization squeezing of up to 5.1 +/- 0.3 dB. Furthermore, this scheme enables us to directly measure, for both polarizations, the noise of any given quadrature.     

低分析频率压缩光的实验制备

基于PPKTP晶体的阈值以下光学参量振荡(OPO)过程,制备了共振于铷原子D1线795 nm的压缩真空态光场,研究了分析频率处于千赫兹范围的主要噪声来源,特别是795 nm激光及其二次谐波397.5 nm激光在晶体内吸收引起的非线性损耗增加和系统热不稳定的问题(397.5 nm激光处于PPKTP晶体透光范围边缘,具有高于其他波长数倍的吸收系数).以795 nm和1064 nm为例,分析了非线性损耗及晶体内热效应对压缩度的影响.受限于以上因素,795 nm压缩光很难得到1064 nm波段同样的压缩度.探测系统中的噪声耦合则限制了压缩频带.实验上对分析频率为千赫兹的经典噪声进行了有效控制,通过使用真空注入的OPO、垂直偏振及反向传输的腔长锁定光、低噪声的平衡零拍探测器、高稳定度的实验系统及量子噪声锁定等方法,最终在2.6—100 kHz的分析频段得到了约2.8 dB的795 nm压缩真空.该压缩光可用作磁场测量系统的探测光以提高测量灵敏度.     

Quantum noise property in coherent atomic system

The coherent superposition of atomic states leads to the characteristic change of interacting lights because of the coupling between the lights and atoms. In this paper, the noise spectrum of the quantified light interacting with the atoms is studied under the condition of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). It is shown that the noise spectrum displays a double M-shape noise profile resulted from the conversion of phase noise of probe beam. A squeezing of 0.3 dB can be observed at the detuning of probe light at the proper parameters of atoms and coupling beam.     

A theoretical and experimental study of fluctuations of the optical parametric oscillator

Twin beams generated by OPOs show quantum noise reduction. For type I crystals they reduce in the degenerate case to a single mode, which below threshold exhibits some degree of squeezing. In the nondegenerate case squeezing occurs in the spectrum of their intensity difference. After a theoretical analysis of their spectral properties in both non- and degenerate cases, measured intensity noise correlation and single beam spectra are discussed for pump powers up to 14 times the threshold value.     

The difference in noise property between the Autler-Townes splitting medium and the electromagnetically induced transparent medium

The quantum noise of squeezed probe light passing through an atomic system with different electromagnetically induced transparency and Autler-Townes splitting effects is investigated theoretically.It is found that the optimal squeezing preservation of the outgoing probe beam occurs in the strong-coupling-field regime rather than in the weakcoupling-field regime.In the weak-coupling-field regime,which was recently recognized as the electromagnetically induced transparency regime(Abi-Salloum T Y 2010 Phys.Rev.A 81 053836),the output amplitude noise is affected mainly by the atomic noise originating from the random decay process of atoms.While in the strong-coupling-field regime,defined as the Autler-Townes splitting regime,the output amplitude noise is affected mainly by the phase-toamplitude conversion noise.This is useful in improving the quality of the experiment for efficient quantum memory,and hence has an application in quantum information processing.     

Auditory intensity discrimination in the chinchilla

A positive reinforcement conditioning procedure was used to train chinchillas to respond to intensity differences between successively occurring tone bursts. Intensity difference limens were measured at 0.5, 1, 4, and 8 kHz at five intensities ranging from 10- to 55-dB sensation level. The intensity difference limen decreased from approximately 8 dB near threshold to approximately 3.5 dB at the highest level. The intensity difference limens for the chinchilla were considerably larger than those for humans as well as several other mammals; however, the results were similar to those obtained for the parakeet. The present results from intensity discrimination appeared to be related to previous data for the discrimination of amplitude modulated noise.     

The difference in noise property between the Autlerben Townes splitting medium and the electromagnetically induced transparent medium

The quantum noise of squeezed probe light passing through an atomic system with different electromagnetically induced transparency and Autler-Townes splitting effects is investigated theoretically. It is found that the optimal squeezing preservation of the outgoing probe beam occurs in the strong-coupling-field regime rather than in the weak-coupling-field regime. In the weak-coupling-field regime, which was recently recognized as the electromagnetically induced transparency regime (Abi-Salloum T Y 2010 Phys. Rev. A bf81 053836), the output amplitude noise is affected mainly by the atomic noise originating from the random decay process of atoms. While in the strong-coupling-field regime, defined as the Autler-Townes splitting regime, the output amplitude noise is affected mainly by the phase-to-amplitude conversion noise. This is useful in improving the quality of the experiment for efficient quantum memory, and hence has an application in quantum information processing.     

自锁定半导体激光器中强度压缩及位相噪声的减小

采用外部F-P腔自锁定单模量子阱半导体激光器，观察到强度噪声的压缩现象，并同时大幅度降低了位相起伏.在35MHz附近观察到19.3%的强度压缩，对应激光输出的压缩度为37.8%，在9kHz-100MHz范围内观察到约3个数量级的位相噪声降低.获得了近最小测不准态. 关键词：     

An integrating current transformer for fast extraction from the HIRFL-CSR main ring

For any experiment that uses the beam of an accelerator, monitoring the beam intensity is always an important concern. It is particularly useful if one can continuously measure the beam current without disturbing the beam. We report here on test experiments for an Integrating Current Transformer （ICT） used to measure fast extraction beams from the HIRFL-CSR main ring （CSRm）. The laboratory tests and beam intensity measurement results are presented in this paper. The influence of the kicker noise is also analyzed.     

An integrating current transformer for fast extraction from the HIRFL-CSR main ring

For any experiment that uses the beam of an accelerator, monitoring the beam intensity is always an important concern. It is particularly useful if one can continuously measure the beam current without disturbing the beam. We report here on test experiments for an Integrating Current Transformer (ICT) used to measure fast extraction beams from the HIRFL-CSR main ring (CSRm). The laboratory tests and beam intensity measurement results are presented in this paper. The influence of the kicker noise is also analyzed.     

Squeezed two-mode lasers without and with inversion

On the basis of the nondegenerate quantum-beat laser model, we introduce a coherent field which drives the transition between the upper lasing level and an auxiliary level. We demonstrate that such a four-level system can produce squeezed two-mode laser without and with inversion. When the laser is operated well above threshold, the intensity fluctuation in the average mode is reduced below the shot noise with an optimum Mandel parameter Q=- 1/2. At the same time, the noises in the relative amplitude and the relative phase drop to their vaccum noise levels. Furthermore, regardless of inversion, noninversion, and transition between inversion and noninversion, the optimum Mandel Q parameter of Q=- 1/2 is retained when the system operates well above threshold. A simple physical explanation of the squeezing mechanism for two-mode squeezing is given. Received: 22 December 1997 / Revised: 25 March 1998 / Accepted: 9 September 1998