合成α 酮酸的新方法

本文报道了一种新的简便的合成α-酮酸(4)的新方法. 用三氟乙酸酐在4-N,N-二甲基氨基吡啶催化下在二氯乙烷溶剂中和易于制得的2,3-二(三甲基硅氧基)羧酸三甲基硅酯(1)反应生成2,3-二(三氟乙酰羧酸三甲硅酯(2). 向反应混合物中加入吡啶生成2-三氟乙酰氧基-2-烯酸(3). 分别用氢氧化钾水溶液和盐酸处理3得产物4 .     

2,2,5,5-四甲基-4-醛基氢化呋喃酮-3与芳香邻二胺的反应——合成二氮七元杂环化合物Ⅰ

1,3-二羰基化合物与芳香族邻二胺作用,生成一类含二氮原子的七元杂环,即1,5-苯骈二氮环庚三烯[1,5-benzodiazepine)类化合物。第一个这类化合物,在一九○七年即由Thiele等用1,3-酮、邻苯二胺与酸作用而制得。晚近的研究表明,这类化合物也可由芳香邻二胺与与α,β-不饱和醛或酮;α,β-不饱和酸或β-卤代酸;酮酸酯以及硝基丙二醛等反应而制得。     

化学发光免疫分析试剂吖啶酯的合成新路线

设计了一种化学发光免疫分析试剂吖啶酯的合成新路线,以二苯胺为原料合成吖啶-9-羧酸,经酰氯化后与3-(4-羟基苯基)-丙酸-N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺酯反应得4-(2-琥珀酰亚胺基氧羰基乙基)苯基-9-吖啶羧酸酯,最后与氟磺酸甲酯反应即得4-(2-琥珀酰亚胺基氧羰基)苯基-10-甲基吖啶-9-羧酸酯氟磺酸盐(俗称吖啶酯).     

氟氯代β-二酮的合成

从二氟氯乙酸乙酯与甲基酮的Claisen酯缩合反应合成了一些氟氯代β-二酮.用格氏试剂与氟代羧酸酯加成,多氟芳基镉与乙酰氯反应以及氟代β-酮酸酯水解等方法合成了一些新的多氟烃基甲基酮R_FCOCH_3.     

N-(取代对三氟甲基苯基)-N'-(1,3,5-三取代吡唑-4-羰基)硫脲的合成与生物活性

为了寻找高效低毒的农药,从3-甲基-1-取代苯基-5-吡唑酮出发,经过几步反应得到5-氯-3-甲基-1-取代苯基-4-吡唑羰基异硫氰酸酯.5-氯-3-甲基-1-取代苯基-4-吡唑羰基异硫氰酸酯分别与对三氟甲基苯胺和2,6-二氯-4-三氟甲基苯胺反应得到10个未见文献报道的N-(取代对三氟甲基苯基)-N'-(1,3,5-三取代吡唑-4-羰基)硫脲类化合物,其结构经元素分析,IR,1H NMR确证.初步生物活性测试结果表明部分化合物有一定的杀菌活性.     

新型2-芳基-4-烷基噻唑甲酸衍生物的设计、合成与生物活性研究

为了发现具有良好生物活性的新型先导化合物,通过活性亚结构拼接方法,在保留噻唑菌胺、甲噻灵和噻氟菌胺等中的1,3-噻唑-5-羰基活性部分,将具有良好生物多样性的苯氧乙酸酯基团引入,设计合成了一系列含苯氧乙酸酯基团结构的1,3-噻唑类化合物.以β-酮酸酯和对羟基硫代苯甲酰胺为原料,经6步反应制得目标物,其结构经1H NMR,IR及高分辨质谱确证,并对该类化合物合成方法进行了探讨.初步生测结果表明,部分化合物对小麦赤霉表现出明显的抑制活性,在50μg/mL浓度下对小麦赤霉的抑制率达到52%.     

N-(3-氟苯甲酰基)-N′-芳基硫脲衍生物的合成及其生物活性

在超声波辐射下,以PEG-400为相转移催化剂,通过3-氟苯甲酰氯与硫氰酸铵反应制得3-氟苯甲酰基异硫氰酸酯(2);2与芳胺反应,高产率地合成了11种未见文献报道的3-氟苯甲酰基硫脲衍生物(1)。初步生物活性实验结果表明,1对油菜幼苗的胚根生长具有明显的促进作用。     

α-二芳甲基-β-羰基硫代羧酸酯与肼的环合反应:官能化含5-羟基吡唑基的三芳基甲烷类化合物的合成

本文通过α-二芳甲基-β-羰基硫代羧酸酯与肼的环合反应合成了含5-羟基吡唑基的三芳基甲烷类化合物。研究表明,在乙醇回流条件下,α-二芳甲基-β-羰基硫代羧酸酯与肼能有效进行环合反应,高产率制得5-羟基吡唑基三芳甲烷类化合物。该反应条件温和、产率高、操作简单。     

N-(取代对三氟甲基苯基)-N'-(1,3,5-三取代)吡唑-4-羰基硫脲的合成与生物活性

为了寻找高效低毒的农药, 从3-甲基-1-取代苯基-5-吡唑酮出发, 经过几步反应得到5-氯-3-甲基-1-取代苯基-4-吡唑羰基异硫氰酸酯. 5-氯-3-甲基-1-取代苯基-4-吡唑羰基异硫氰酸酯分别与对三氟甲基苯胺和2,6-二氯-4-三氟甲基苯胺反应得到10个未见文献报道的N-(取代对三氟甲基苯基)-N'-(1,3,5-三取代)吡唑-4-羰基硫脲类化合物, 其结构经元素分析, IR, ¹H NMR确证. 初步生物活性测试结果表明部分化合物有一定的杀菌活性.     

β,γ-不饱和α-酮酸酯在不对称催化中的应用

β,γ-不饱和α-酮酸酯是一种多官能团的合成子,其1,2-双羰基的结构便于进行活化和手性控制,多个反应位点可以进行多样的反应设计.近20年来,许多手性路易斯酸催化剂和有机小分子催化剂被应用到β,γ-不饱和α-酮酸酯参与的不对称催化反应中,得到了各种光活性化合物.根据β,γ-不饱和α-酮酸酯中的β,γ-不饱和α-酰基共轭体系、碳碳双键及羰基三种不同的反应位点分类,对近几年来β,γ-不饱和α-酮酸酯在不对称催化中的应用进展进行综述.同时对存在的局限性和未来的发展趋势进行了展望.     

Copper-bipyridine-catalyzed enantioselective α-amination of β-keto esters

The Cu(OTf)₂-bipyridine-catalyzed, enantioselective, direct α-amination of β-keto esters and β-diketones with diethyl azodicarboxylate (DEAD) has been studied. Exceptionally high enantioselectivities of up to 99% ee were found for 1-indanone-based β-keto esters in particular even for substrates and reagents carrying conventional ester groups such as methyl and ethyl.     

On the photochemical behaviour of ethyl acetoacetate in water

Irradiation of ethyl acetoacetate in water yielded acetic acid, ethyl acetate, acetonylacetone and diethyl succinate. The possible route of their formation is the recombination of the radicals resulting from the cleavage of the bonds between α-β and β-γ carbon atoms of the β-keto ester and/or their interaction with the solvent.     

Efficient one-pot selective reduction of esters in β-ketoesters using LiHMDS and lithium aluminium hydride

The ester functionality in β-keto esters is selectively reduced in one-pot, first by enolization using LiHMDS and then reduced with lithium aluminium hydride. This method produces β-hydroxyl ketones from the corresponding β-keto esters in high yield.     

Enantioselective synthesis of chiral γ-aryl α-keto ester by copper-catalyzed 1,4-conjugate addition using D2-symmetric biphenyl phosphoramidite ligand

Cu-catalyzed enantioselective 1,4-conjugate addition of β,γ-unsaturated α-keto ester compound was carried out to afford chiral γ-substituted γ-aryl α-keto ester, which could be conveniently converted to the potential skeleton of new Pril drugs. Up to 81% ee and 99% yield were afforded for the 1,4-conjugate addition using D₂-symmetric biphenyl phosphoramidite ligand.     

以芳樟醇为手性源的β-羟基酸的不对称合成

以芳樟醇与乙酰乙酸乙酯进行酯交换反应,合成了具有手性的乙酰乙酸芳樟酯(β-酮酯),再用其与不同的格氏试剂反应,得到不对称β-羟基酸;产物分别经手性柱分析.结果表明,手性乙酰乙酸芳樟酯与格氏试剂的反应具有不同程度的立体选择性,产物为R-或S-构型过量的β-羟基酸,ee值最高达50%.     

有机磷化合物的研究IX.某些具有活泼亚甲基化合物的碳磷酰化反应

The formation of P -- C bond is one of the important problems in synthetic organophosphorous chemistry. This paper describes the study of the formation of P -- C linkage via phosphorylation of carbon atom containing active hydrogen. p-Substituted phenylacetonitrile possessing an active methylene group undergoes stepwise C -- phosphorylation smoothly with diethyl phosphoryl chloride in the presence of naphthalene-sodium. Phosphonyl chloride reacts analogously. Being a deprotonizing agent naphthalene-sodium is distinguished by its availability, effectiveness and mild reaction conditions. The presence of an electron-withdrawing group in the benzene ring reduces the yield of phosphorylation seriously. The chemical shift of ^3^1P NMR of the resulted α-cyano-benzylphosphonates (1) correlates linearly with the Hammett \s\ constants of the substituents. As indicated by ^1H NMR studies the protons in the ester ethyl groups are magnetically nonequivalent. Compound 1 can be alkylated with alkyl halide or condensed with aromatic aldehyde by Hornor-Wittig type reaction due to the presence of active hydrogen atom. The structure-reactivity studies of diethyl phosphoryl chloride on reacting with various β- and β-diketones and β-keto esters (5) as regiospecific reaction were reported. The influences of metal ions in the enolates on the reactivity of the latter were examined and discussed. Only vinyl phosphates with predominantly Z configuration have been isolated exclusively. The C atom with an active hydrogen in the β-diketones investigated is inert to phosphorylation. These experimental results are well supported by reaction selectivity in terms of Eqo/Ecoc based on EHMO calculation.     

Efficient trans-acetoacylation mediated by ytterbium(III) triflate as a catalyst under solvent-free condition

A simple and efficient trans-acetoacylation method for the synthesis of β-keto ester derivatives has been described using ytterbium(III) triflate as a new catalyst under solvent-free condition. This method was found to be efficient and convenient for the synthesis of a wide variety of β-keto ester derivatives.     

Catalyst-free aza-Michael addition of azole to β,γ-unsaturated-α-keto ester: an efficient access to C–N bond formation

An efficient aza-Michael addition of azoles to β,γ-unsaturated-α-keto esters under room temperature conditions has been developed. In this conjugate addition, no additional catalyst is employed. Azole reacts with β,γ-unsaturated-α-keto ester smoothly to afford new C–N bond adducts in good to excellent yields (up to 96%).     

A biomimetic approach to the cylindrospermopsin alkaloids

The tethered Biginelli condensation between hemiaminal 21 and β-keto ester 22 is reported, leading to a model tricyclic core of the cylindrospermopsin alkaloids.     

Efficient preparation of an N-aryl β-amino acid via asymmetric hydrogenation and direct asymmetric reductive amination en route to Ezetimibe

Two routes for the preparation of an N-aryl β-amino acid, an important precursor for the cholesterol-lowering drug Ezetimibe, were investigated. The first pathway proceeds via an Rh- or Ir-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of N-aryl enamine giving the desired product with up to 82% ee. The other pathway involves a direct asymmetric reductive amination (DARA) of the β-keto ester which yielded the β-amino ester in high yield and 97% ee. Subsequent copper-catalyzed N-arylation gave the target compound.