基于光流的运动小目标检测算法

运动目标的检测是目标识别与跟踪的关键技术之一。光流技术是一种以物体的运动特征来检测目标的方法,它的提出为运动小目标的检测开辟了新的空间。在一个搜索跟踪系统中使用光流技术检测和跟踪空中小目标,目标大概为5～10个像素,而且背景复杂,相机抖动,普通分割算法无法得到小目标。在目标的运动明显异于背景的情况下,通过利用基于光流的目标检测算法来检测出小目标,同时运用高斯金字塔模型,提高算法的运算速度。试验结果表明提出的基于光流的检测算法在背景运动的红外图像中取得了较好的效果。     

基于自适应Kalman滤波的机器人运动目标跟踪算法

针对足球机器人比赛时的模型变化及其环境噪声先验估计不准确的问题,提出一种基于自适应卡尔曼滤波的足球机器人视觉跟踪算法。该算法将一种基于减背景的运动目标识别的方法与自适应卡尔曼滤波跟踪模型进行结合,对背景进行实时更新,并通过形态学滤波去除残留的小区域,从而准确的识别运动目标,通过自适应的在线调整运动模型参数来保证模型预测值的准确性,进而提高了目标跟踪时的匹配效率,实现了目标的精准、迅速跟踪。通过实验证明,该算法是很有效的,具有推广价值。     

分布式网络信息数据防篡改方法研究

为在足球视频中有效的检测与跟踪运动目标,需要对足球比赛视频中目标检测与跟踪算法进行研究。当前采用的算法,在动态场景中,存在运动目标检测与跟踪效果不佳的问题。为此,提出一种基于OpenCV的足球比赛视频中目标检测与跟踪算法。该算法结合平均背景算法将足球比赛视频中目标图像分割为前景区与背景区,计算足球比赛视频每一帧目标图像和背景图像之间差值的绝对差值,同时计算每一个目标图像中像素点的平均值与标准值来建立目标图像背景统计模型,利用TMHI算法对足球比赛视频中目标初始图像进行阈值分割,得到初始分割图像,对分割图像进行中值滤波和闭运算,再使用卡尔曼滤波对分割后的目标图像进行处理,得到镜头中目标的质心位置和目标外界矩形框,然后对足球比赛视频中目标进行跟踪。实验证明,该算法有效的检测与跟踪足球视频中运动目标。     

基于特征自适应选择的金字塔均值漂移跟踪方法

针对均值漂移跟踪算法框架不足以对目标帧间运动过大及快速尺度变化进行有效地处理,且单个图像特征对环境适应性较差.提出了一种特征自适应选择方法,通过分析目标与背景的特征区分度来选择出最有效的特征.将金字塔自适应分解和均值漂移跟踪结合,提出了金字塔均值漂移跟踪方法.采用背景加权直方图描述目标模板模型,核函数加权直方图描述候选...     

动态背景下运动目标检测与跟踪研究

主要研究动态背景下的运动目标检测和跟踪问题。背景补偿差分法是一种常用的动态背景下运动目标检测算法,但检测到的目标轮廓要比其真实轮廓大,检测结果不准确且算法复杂度较高。主动轮廓模型在图像分割和目标提取过程中具有拓扑结构变化灵活性,对数值计算方案的设计更加方便、有效,据此提出一种基于改进C-V模型和卡尔曼滤波的算法,用来检测和跟踪动态背景下的运动目标。提出的算法利用C-V模型曲线演化检测和跟踪目标,使C-V模型在目标的边缘处收敛。结合卡尔曼滤波预测运动目标下一帧位置,从而实现对运动目标轮廓的跟踪。实验结果表明,该方法可以对动态背景下运动目标进行精确的检测与跟踪。     

实时多运动目标提取与跟踪研究

介绍一种静止背景条件下实时多运动日标提取与跟踪的方法。使用了单模态背景模型,用连通检测的方法分割出目标,取得目标信息,采用特征参数匹配的方法跟踪目标。对实际中出现的目标停止移动、被背景遮掩和相交运动等情况做了分析。通过采集的图像序列证实采用所提出的运动日标提取与跟踪算法可获得良好效果。     

目标自适应分割算法的研究

初步探讨和分析几种实际典型场景目标与背景的特征，提出相应的目标分割算法，并对几种方法加以融合。实际跟踪算法中，实现目标分割方法的自动转换．自动调整自适应分割门限及搜索方案．实验表明，该算法转换灵活，跟踪平稳。自适应能力强，抗干扰性能好．易于软件实现．     

一种复杂海空背景下的红外小目标检测跟踪算法

复杂海空背景下红外小目标检测和跟踪算法决定了光电跟踪设备的探测性能。为了解决复杂海空背景下的红外小目标检测跟踪难题,提出了一种复杂海空背景下的红外小目标抗干扰检测跟踪算法。在检测阶段,为了抑制不同区域中各类杂波,该算法利用不同的分类器分别区分不同区域的杂波和小目标;在跟踪阶段,为了进一步剔除孤立噪声和杂波干扰,采用高斯混合概率假设密度滤波器进行目标航迹维持。在仿真视频上进行的目标检测跟踪实验表明,所提算法相比以往的跟踪算法,正确跟踪率提升了约10%,平均跟踪精度提升了约50%。该算法具有较好的工程可行性。     

复杂红外地面环境下的稳定目标跟踪方法

针对红外目标相关滤波跟踪过程中由于背景杂波干扰、目标遮挡和目标形变等情况导致的鲁棒性差甚至跟踪目标丢失的问题,提出一种融合跟踪-学习-检测方法和相关滤波理论的红外目标跟踪算法.该算法在传统相关滤波框架基础上,融合目标的方向梯度直方图特征和亮度直方图特征,改善了目标轻微形变导致的模型漂移问题.针对背景杂波和遮挡导致的多峰值响应问题,对目标背景区域的相关响应进行惩罚,建立目标和背景响应的多模态检测机制,实现目标由粗到精的定位,并采用自适应的学习率优化跟踪模型的漂移问题;针对目标被严重遮挡或脱离视野的问题,通过全局目标再检测,实现目标的重捕.实验结果表明,在复杂红外地面环境下,该算法有效地解决了相似目标干扰和目标被严重遮挡导致的目标丢失问题.基于OTB-2015视频基准序列和红外视频序列测试,对比多个主流的相关滤波跟踪算法,该算法在跟踪精度和成功率方面较长时相关滤波跟踪算法分别提升了5.6%和4.1%;在目标遮挡指标测试中,该算法在跟踪精度和成功率方面相较长时相关滤波跟踪算法分别提升了4.6%和6.1%.     

基于背景运动补偿的红外目标运动分析

 介绍了基于运动补偿的红外目标运动分析方法。阐述了运动补偿的必要性、过程原理和实现方法，并用之于对红外运动目标的视频跟踪，通过用背景运动量补偿目标的相对运动量，得到明确而直观的目标运动轨迹，有效地揭示了目标运动的内在规律，为红外目标的轨迹预测与跟踪提供了更有效的分析依据。     

红外序列图像弱小动目标检测的研究

针对云天背景下的红外运动弱小目标,提出了一种融合检测的方法。根据视觉的固视微动特性进行单帧图像的目标增强,利用帧差分方法检测多帧图像的动目标,最后将这两种处理结果进行基于调制的融合,并经过图像分割,从而达到动目标检测的目的。仿真结果表明该检测方法能够有效地实现复杂背景下的弱小动目标检测。     

Infrared small moving target detection using sparse representation-based image decomposition

Infrared small moving target detection is one of the crucial techniques in infrared search and tracking systems. This paper presents a novel small moving target detection method for infrared image sequence with complicated background. The key points are given as follows: (1) since target detection mainly depends on the incoherence between target and background, the proposed method separate the target from the background according to the morphological feature diversity between target and background; (2) considering the continuity of target motion in time domain, the target trajectory is extracted by the RX filter in random projection. The experiments on various clutter background sequences have validated the detection capability of the proposed method. The experimental results show that the proposed method can robustly provide a higher detection probability and a lower false alarm rate than baseline methods.     

图-谱结合的压缩感知高光谱视频图像复原

针对液晶可调滤波片高光谱成像系统记录动态场景的成像特点,提出一种图-谱结合的压缩感知高光谱视频图像复原方法。首先,通过前景目标检测获得运动前景目标的高光谱图像,实现运动前景目标与背景区域分离,并根据前景目标检测结果将背景区域划分为运动区域(被前景目标遮挡区域)与静止区域(未被前景目标遮挡区域)。然后,基于高光谱图像空间维、光谱维相关性,对静止区域进行字典学习获得稀疏先验信息,结合压缩感知理论用于运动区域恢复,得到完整的背景区域高光谱图像。最后,将运动前景目标高光谱图像与背景区域高光谱图像相结合,得到高光谱视频图像。实验结果表明:本文提出的高光谱视频图像复原方法在峰值信噪比和视觉效果上都要优于现有算法,峰值信噪比平均提高5 d B以上。     

Analog vision chip for motion detection of an approaching object against a moving background based on the insect visual system

A network for motion detection of an approaching object without influence of the moving background was proposed based on the insect visual system. The two-dimensional array of the analog complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) circuits for extracting the edge signals of the approaching object without outputting those of the moving background was inserted at the first stage of the network. At the next stage, analog CMOS circuits for detection of approaching velocity and direction, which accept the extracted edge signals, were inserted based on the locust vision system. A chip of the proposed network was fabricated with the 1.2 mm CMOS process. It was clarified from the measured results and the simulation results with the simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis (SPICE) that the two-dimensional circuits of the first stage can only generate the signals of target edges. The measured results showed that the chip can detect the approaching velocity and direction of the target in the image which contains the moving background.     

The moving target detection algorithm based on the improved visual background extraction

This paper presents a moving target detection algorithm based on the improved visual background extraction. Traditional VIBE (Visual Background Extractor) algorithm is one of the powerful background subtraction algorithm. It can quickly, accurately and integrally detect moving target. However, sometimes it will falsely determine background as foreground and impact detection results. In this paper, we improve the traditional VIBE algorithm by joining TOM (Time of map) mechanism in the process of detection, so it can not only use the pixel’s spatial domain information, but also make full use of the pixel’s time domain information. Experiments detailed in this paper show the algorithm presented in this paper has better detection effect than the traditional VIBE algorithm.     

一种基于正负差图像的运动目标检测新方法

运动目标检测领域中现有的差图像法是利用绝对值差图像检测差图像上运动目标区域，用现有方法检测时易受噪声干扰，而且当摄像机有自运动时需要进行背景运动补偿。因此，提出一种新算法，即首先分别计算正差图像与负差图像，然后利用运动目标区域在正差图像与负差图像中的幅值、形状以及运动等信息的对称性对其进行检测，最后给出针对飞机尾焰序列图像进行检测的结果。实验结果表明：该方法可提高运动目标检测的可靠性与效率。     

Moving target detection approach based on spatio-temporal salient perception

The differences in texture and motion between man-made object and natural scene are the key features for human biological visual system to detect moving object in scenery. The paper proposed a moving target detection approach based on spatio-temporal perception, which is a crucial function of the visual attention mechanism. The spatial feature including edge, orientation, texture and contrast of the image are extracted, and then the corresponding spatial salient map are constructed by fusing the features through difference of Gaussian (DOG) function, which can suppress the common and enhance the difference of local region. Then, the global motion, local motion and relative motion between continuous images are extracted by means of pyramid multi-resolution, and the moving salient map is constructed after the motion difference between moving target and background is confirmed. Finally, the spatio-temporal salient map is constructed by fusing the spatial salient map and the moving salient map through competition strategy, and the moving target could be detected by searching the maximum in the spatio-temporal salient map. Some experiments are included and the results show that the method can accurately detect the moving target in complex background.     

复杂背景下运动点目标的检测算法

在复杂背景红外序列图像中,运动点目标的检测一直是研究的重点和难点。介绍了一种新的复杂背景下运动点目标的检测算法。首先根据点目标、背景干扰和噪声在红外图像中的差异,运用窗口大小不同的均值滤波器进行背景抑制以提高图像的信噪比,然后用一种门限法得到新的分割序列图像,最后采用改进后的隔帧差分光流场算法可有效地检测出点目标。仿真实验表明该算法优于传统光流场算法,能够检测帧间位移小于一个像元的运动目标,具有较好的检测性能,且实时性强。     

Hybrid multi-resolution detection of moving targets in infrared imagery

A hybrid moving target detection approach in multi-resolution framework for thermal infrared imagery is presented. Background subtraction and optical flow methods are widely used to detect moving targets. However, each method has some pros and cons which limits the performance. Conventional background subtraction is affected by dynamic noise and partial extraction of targets. Fast independent component analysis based background subtraction is efficient for target detection in infrared image sequences; however the noise increases for small targets. Well known motion detection method is optical flow. Still the method produces partial detection for low textured images and also computationally expensive due to gradient calculation for each pixel location. The synergistic approach of conventional background subtraction, fast independent component analysis and optical flow methods at different resolutions provide promising detection of targets with reduced time complexity. The dynamic background noise is compensated by the background update. The methodology is validated with benchmark infrared image datasets as well as experimentally generated infrared image sequences of moving targets in the field under various conditions of varying illumination, ambience temperature and the distance of the target from the sensor location. The significant value of F-measure validates the efficiency of the proposed methodology with high confidence of detection and low false alarms.     

基于星图识别的空间目标检测算法研究

从恒星背景中检测出空间目标是空间目标天基光学测量相机所要解决的关键技术难题之一。提出了一种基于星图识别的空间目标检测算法,利用背景星图的平移、旋转、比例伸缩不变性,应用星图识别原理,根据识别恒星在不同帧图像中的坐标变化估计背景运动参数,进行探测图像序列的配准,然后在配准后的图像序列中检测出空间目标。通过仿真验证,该方法对于运动恒星背景中运动小目标的检测具有比较好的效果。