自旋极化扫描隧道显微镜的研究进展

自旋极化扫描隧道显微镜（spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscope,SP-STM）将扫描隧道显微镜（scanning tunneling microscope,STM）的实空间分辨率和对自旋敏感的磁成像技术结合起来,已经成为人们研究纳米磁性物理的最有效工具之一.文章介绍了SP-STM的工作原理及其在低维磁性物理领域的应用和最新进展,如对磁性薄膜、磁性纳米岛、磁性原子及不共线结构的研究等,并对我国在这一领域的研究现状和发展前景进行简要评述.     

自旋极化扫描隧道显微术

介绍一种新近发展起来的用于磁性表面磁成像技术－自旋极化扫描隧道显微术。该技术结合了扫描隧道显微术的原子分辨和其他磁成技术中的自旋灵敏的特点，成为人们深入开展纳米磁性领域研究的强有力工具。     

自旋极化扫描隧道显微术

介绍一种新近发展起来的用于磁性表面磁成像技术———自旋极化扫描隧道显微术。该技术结合了扫描隧道显微术的原子分辨和其他磁成像技术中的自旋灵敏的特点 ,成为人们深入开展纳米磁性领域研究的强有力工具。     

自旋极化扫描隧道显微术

自旋极化扫描隧道显微术是一种新兴的表面自旋分辨技术，文章主要介绍了自旋极化的扫描隧道显微镜和扫描隧道谱实现表面自旋分辨的原理以及在各种磁性表面研究中的应用，采用自旋极化技术的扫描隧道显微镜可以测量表面磁结构，其空间分辨可以达到原子尺度，分辨率超过其他磁显微技术，而自旋极化扫描隧道谱不但可以分辨空间精细磁畴结构，而且能研究表面态的交换劈裂，文章作者还进一步提出了利用自旋极化扫描隧道显微镜实现自旋注入的设想。     

光子扫描隧道显微镜和扫描隧道显微镜联用系统的研制

报导我们研制的一套光子扫描隧道显微镜（ＰＳＴＭ）和扫描隧道显微镜（ＳＴＭ）联用系统的初步实验结果。联用系统采用的基本结构为早先研制的一台ＰＳＴＭ，另外增加了一个ＳＴＭ通道，通过真空蒸镀金膜制作了既导电又导光的光纤探针，联用系统用ＳＴＭ通道隧道电流反馈控制探针高度。初步实验结果表明，ＰＳＴＭ和ＳＴＭ通道既能分别单独成像，亦能用导电导光探针实现ＰＳＴＭ和ＳＴＭ同时成像。     

扫描隧道显微镜

扫描隧道显微镜(Scanning tunneling microscopy,简称STM)是80年代初由IBM苏黎世实验室的Binnig、Rohrer、Gerber和Weibd发明的.这是一种近几年发展迅速的研究物质表面结构的新技术.1982年Binnig和Rohrer用他们研制的STM进行了第一次成功的实验,1983年又第一次用它看到了Si(7×7)重构表面的原子分     

磁性隧道结自旋极化电子的隧穿特性

铁磁金属间通过中间层的自旋极化电子隧穿产生的磁性耦合,在自旋电子器件中有许多潜在的应用.考虑由一平面磁性势垒层隔开的两铁磁性金属电极构成的磁性隧道结,针对中间层形成的矩形势垒,在近自由电子模型的基础上,计算零偏压下的隧穿电导、自旋极化率和隧穿磁阻比率,分析势垒层特性、分子场强弱、分子场相对取向等对隧道结自旋极化电子隧穿特性的影响.计算结果对自旋电子器件的设计具有一定的指导意义.     

计算机控制的扫描隧道显微镜

本文介绍了我们研制的计算机控制的扫描隧道显微镜．该仪器由扫描隧道显微镜主体、电子控制机箱和计算机控制系统组成．文中着重介绍了仪器主体和电子反馈线路的设计思想及作为三维扫描控制器件的压电陶瓷管的使用方式，讨论了一些关键技术问题．     

光子扫描隧道显微镜

介绍光子扫描隧道显微镜的物理基础，成像原理和应用。     

Single quantum dots as scanning tunneling microscope tips

We report the use of single quantum dot structures as tips on a scanning tunneling microscope (STM). A single quantum dot structure with a diameter of less than 200 nm and a height of 2 μm was fabricated by reactive ion etching. This dot was placed on a 40 μm-high mesa and mounted on the tip of a STM. The topography of large structures such as quantum wires or gold test substrates is clearly resolved with such a tip. To check the transport properties of the tip, quantum dot arrays were fabricated on resonant tunneling double barrier structures using the same process parameters. Conventional tunneling spectroscopy clearly resolved the 0D states in our samples. Using a metal substrate as second electrode such STM tips can be used to perform high resolution energy spectroscopy on single dots and free standing wire structures.     

Resolving noncollinear magnetism by spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy

We present a density functional theory (DFT) investigation of magnetically frustrated Mn monolayers deposited on the triangular lattice of the Cu(1 1 1) surface. Noncollinear magnetic structures are treated on the basis of the vector spin-density formulation of the DFT. The spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscope operated in the constant-current mode is proposed as a powerful tool to investigate these complex magnetic structures.     

光子扫描隧道显微镜的光电成像系统研究

本文论述了光子扫描隧道显微镜（ＰＳＴＭ）的显微成像机理、成像规律，针对具体的物理模型进行数值模拟计算，并得到了与实际探测相一致的场分布规律。采用自行研制的光子扫描隧道显微镜（ＰＳＴＭ）的显微实验系统对多种样品进行了表面显微成像研究，获得了关于样品表面三维立体图像信息，通过多种图像处理手段对原始图像进行后期处理，得到了更具视觉效果、更为逼真的样品表面图像。     

能量与空间分辨的单分子显微术--透过碳笼"看"富勒烯包合物内的金属原子

文章作者用探测扫描隧道电流微分谱的方法，对金属富勒烯包合物分子进行了研究，得到了Dy@C82同分异构体Ⅰ的金属-碳笼杂化态在实空间的能量分布图，通过将实验与理论模拟的结果进行比较，推断出Dy原子在碳笼中的位置以及金属富勒烯包合物分子在衬底表面的吸附取向．这项技术为单分子纳米器件的表征和诊断提供了新的途径．     

Sensitivity of current to energy in scanning tunneling microscopy within the vacuum case

Sensitivity of the tunneling current to electron energy is calculated in the context of scanning tunneling microscopy for the vacuum case by using an appropriate parameter. In addition, a mathematical relationship between this parameter and the phase associated with the involved Schrödinger wavefunctions is obtained.     

Electronic phase diagram of NaFelxCoxAs investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy

Our recent scanning tunneling microscopy （STM） studies of the NaFelxCoxAs phase diagram over a wide range of dopings and temperatures are reviewed. Similar to the high-Tc cuprates, the iron-based superconductors lie in close proximity to a magnetically ordered phase. Therefore, it is widely believed that magnetic interactions or fluctuations play an important role in triggering their Cooper pairings. Among the key issues regarding the electronic phase diagram are the properties of the parent spin density wave （SDW） phase and the superconducting （SC） phase, as well as the interplay between them. The NaFe l-xCoxAs is an ideal system for resolving these issues due to its rich electronic phases and the charge-neutral cleaved surface. In our recent work, we directly observed the SDW gap in the parent state, and it exhibits unconventional features that are incompatible with the simple Fermi surface nesting picture. The optimally doped sample has a single SC gap, but in the underdoped regime we directly viewed the microscopic coexistence of the SDW and SC orders, which compete with each other. In the overdoped regime we observed a novel pseudogap-like feature that coexists with supercon- ductivity in the ground state, persists well into the normal state, and shows great spatial variations. The rich electronic structures across the phase diagram of NaFel_xCoxAs revealed here shed important new light for defining microscopic models of the iron-based superconductors. In particular, we argue that both the itinerant electrons and local moments should be considered on an equal footing in a realistic model.     

扫描隧道显微术中的微分谱学及其应用

文章介绍了扫描隧道显微术中微分谱学的原理及其在实验中的诸多应用。微分谱（dI／dV谱）和dI／dV成像可用来研究电子局域态密度在能量和空间的分布，即微分谱固定空间一点，反映电子态密度以能量为变量的分布；而dI／dV图像则反映某给定能量的电子局域态密度以空间为变量的分布，二次微分谱（d^2I／dV^2谱）和二次微分成像可以用来反映分子的非弹性隧穿过程，从而研究分子的振动态。     

扫描隧道显微术中的微分谱学及其应用

文章介绍了扫描隧道显微术中微分谱学的原理及其在实验中的诸多应用.微分谱(dI/dV谱)和dI/dV成像可用来研究电子局域态密度在能量和空间的分布,即微分谱固定空间一点,反映电子态密度以能量为变量的分布;而dI/dV图像则反映某给定能量的电子局域态密度以空间为变量的分布.二次微分谱(d2I/dV2谱)和二次微分成像可以用来反映分子的非弹性隧穿过程,从而研究分子的振动态.     

Electronic phase diagram of NaFe_(1-x)Co_xAs investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy

Our recent scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) studies of the NaFe1-xCoxAs phase diagram over a wide range of dopings and temperatures are reviewed. Similar to the high-T c cuprates, the iron-based superconductors lie in close proximity to a magnetically ordered phase. Therefore, it is widely believed that magnetic interactions or fluctuations play an important role in triggering their Cooper pairings. Among the key issues regarding the electronic phase diagram are the properties of the parent spin density wave (SDW) phase and the superconducting (SC) phase, as well as the interplay between them. The NaFe1-xCoxAs is an ideal system for resolving these issues due to its rich electronic phases and the charge-neutral cleaved surface. In our recent work, we directly observed the SDW gap in the parent state, and it exhibits unconventional features that are incompatible with the simple Fermi surface nesting picture. The optimally doped sample has a single SC gap, but in the underdoped regime we directly viewed the microscopic coexistence of the SDW and SC orders, which compete with each other. In the overdoped regime we observed a novel pseudogap-like feature that coexists with superconductivity in the ground state, persists well into the normal state, and shows great spatial variations. The rich electronic structures across the phase diagram of NaFe1-xCoxAs revealed here shed important new light for defining microscopic models of the iron-based superconductors. In particular, we argue that both the itinerant electrons and local moments should be considered on an equal footing in a realistic model.