M-Z型极化DANS聚合物电光波导强度调制器研究

研究了Mach-Zehnder型极化聚合物电光波导强度调制器的制备工艺.器件采用DANS (4-dimethylamino-4′nitro-stlibene)聚合物为电光波导材料,由电光波导层、上下介质缓冲层、上下金属电极层构成五层波导结构.对五层光波导各层之间的光学、化学以及微加工工艺的相互兼容性进行了深入研究.采用紫外光漂白方法制备出侧壁光滑的条波导,采用钨丝电晕极化方法对DANS聚合物波导进行有效极化,使其具有电光特性.通过优化器件制备工艺,研制出工作波长为1300 nm的M-Z型电光波导强度调制器原型器件.实验测得器件半波电压约为10 V,调制带宽约为1 GHz.     

聚合物电光调制器的热稳定性研究

聚合物波导器件的稳定性是影响其实用化的一个关键问题。聚合物波导器件的热稳定性是由波导层(聚合物材料)的热稳定性决定的。采用侧链型和交联型聚氨酯材料分别制成波导电光调制器研究波导器件的热稳定性,热稳定性的判断依据是通过对聚合物调制器升温过程中测量器件的电光性能的变化。研究结果显示两种器件在常温时具有相同的电光性能,在器件升温过程中发现交联型聚氨酯调制器比侧链型聚氨酯调制器有优异的热稳定性。     

推挽极化Y型耦合器电光调制器的傅里叶建模与表征

设计了一种高线性度、无偏置聚合物Y型耦合器电光调制器,它由Y型分束器、Y型合束器、两节推挽极化电光耦合波导构成的电光区和一个微带行波电极构成,给出了器件结构并对其参数做了优化。通过对施加的电学调制信号做傅里叶变换并结合器件的传递函数,给出了一种新型数值方法来建模和表征器件的静态和动态特性,推导并得到了器件的状态函数、静态响应、调制响应、三阶内调响应等表达式。计算和分析结果显示,器件的半波电压为2.69V;3dB调制带宽约为143GHz;当调制系数为1%~10%时,基频信号对器件所产生三阶内调噪声的抑制比为60dB~90dB。所给出的理论和相关公式也可用于具有Y型耦合器结构的类似电光器件(如电光开关)的设计、建模和分析。     

一种基于导模共振的电光调制器研究

实验研究了基于导模共振的反射型电光调制器采用的棱镜耦合方式,在棱镜上面镀有4层膜,依次为银膜下电极-极化聚合物-缓冲层-金膜上电极。对这种衰减全反射（ATR）型的聚合物波导电光调制器进行了视频调制实验,采用静态偏置电压稳定模式同步角方法,结合对入射激光束进行监测,解决了视频调制中激光器噪声对模拟信号调制影响的问题,提高了工作稳定性。实验结果表明：该电光调制器具有良好的线性和较高的灵敏度。     

采用接触式极化法研制有机聚合物电光光波导调制器

结合器件的整体结构考虑，对接触式极化方法和工艺进行了研究，基于接触式极化法，设计并制作了聚合物电光光波导相位和偏振调制器。通过测量器件的偏振调制特性，在1550nm光波波长下，获得了最大电光系数为llpm／V，电光相位调制器的半波电压为45V。     

对称推挽型有机聚合物电光波导调制器

提出了在极化有机聚合物民光波导调制器中使用局域极化结构。利用该结构，能够在电光调制器中实现完全对称的推挽操作。由于将集成光学电光调制器中用的平面电有改为使用眄结构的微带电极，并且将槽一结构用于接地电极，使器件性能发生变化。文中地反映光波与微波的相互作用强度的重叠积分进行了详细计算，并对器件性能的改变进行了比较。结果表明由于局域极化结构的使用，将大大提高器件的调制性能。     

基于PDMS的倒脊形波导电光调制器的设计与制备

选用价格低廉、介电性能良好、低传输损耗的聚二甲基硅氧烷作为波导的包层材料,旁链型分散红1键合聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯作为芯层,设计并制备了一种倒脊形聚合物波导马赫-曾德尔电光调制器及共面波导行波电极,获得了调制器的调制信号响应.针对SF6气体刻蚀聚二甲基硅氧烷的再淀积现象,提出了采用SF6和O2的混合气体对聚二甲基硅氧烷进行反...     

包层调制的聚合物电光调制器及其理论分析

器件损耗偏高是当前聚合物电光调制器的研究中需要解决的问题之一。在调制器的插损之中,波导传播损耗(包括吸收和散射损耗)的贡献举足轻重。特别是在追求高电光系数的材料同时,传播损耗也将会不可避免地增加。如何改善器件的损耗是聚合物调制器实用化的一个重要课题。为此提出了一种在波导包层中调制光波的设想。理论分析表明,这种方法能够大幅度降低波导传播性能,因而有助于改善器件损耗。由于包层中光波强度比芯层中要弱,因此在包层中调制光波会引起场—模交叠因子的弱化,但是优化计算发现,通过调节波导的尺寸尤其是芯层厚度可以控制交叠因子使其弱化程度降低到最小,在最优的情况下,场一模交叠因子可达0．89。随着波导传播损耗的降低,器件调制区的长度可以做得更长,有助于进一步降低器件的半波电压。     

基于单通道反射型电光调制器实现不同路光同时调制的方法

提出了一种利用单通道反射型聚合物电光调制器同时调制不同路光的方法。衰减全反射结构的电光调制器,其每一个衰减全反射(ATR)峰的位置分别对应于一个导波共振模式。实验系统中利用衰减全反射导膜峰作为调制通道,使其每一路光路的入射角分别对应于不同导波共振模式的工作角,就可以实现利用单通道的电光调制器同时调制不同路光。提出了三种实现两路光同时调制的模式,并给出了三种模式的调制结果。结果表明,作为调制通道的导模阶数越低,调制效率越高。在832 nm光波波长下,采用最低阶导模进行调制时可以获得42.9%的调制效率。     

新型极化聚合物薄膜电光调制器研究

用对硝基偶氮苯类为侧链的键合型聚合物，采用高温电晕极化的方法制作电光薄膜，设计并构造极化聚合物薄膜电光调制器。当通光方向和极化方向平行并且垂直于极化聚合物薄膜的表面时，利用法布里-帕罗（F-P）腔中多光束干涉，可以把通过的光由位相调制转化为强度调制，有利于电光调制器的小型化和高速封装。用这种聚合物薄膜电光调制器测量了锢锡氧化物共面波导上的电信号，并对系统的工作原理进行了分析。实验结果表明，薄膜调制器具有线性电光效应；当F-P腔的精细因子为20（为1.3μm的光），调制电场为1V/μm时，研制的极化聚合物电光调制器的调制深度可达到0.01%。     

Fabrication and characteristics of thermal crosslinking polyurethane integrated double-channel electro-optic modulator

The fabrication and characteristics of a new type of polymeric electro-optic modulator with double channels in attenuated total reflection (ATR) configuration, made of a thermally crosslinkable polyurethane, has been demonstrated in this paper. The fabrication procedure of proposed double-channel ATR modulator is extremely simple, it can be implemented by replacing a single electrode with two discrete electrodes in a single channel ATR modulator. Independent operation of both channels is demonstrated at a modulation speed of 500 MHz. The total measured insertion loss of the modulator is below 1.5 dB. There are no measurable cross talks due to the large horizontal separation of two channels and the small vertical separation of the electrode pair. A long-term thermal stability of the fabrication modulator at an elevated temperature, 100 °C, is obtained due to crosslinking polyurethane as the waveguide layer of the devices.     

A novel electrode structure with a reverse-biased p⿿n diode for high speed polymer-infiltrated slot modulators

This paper demonstrates an alternative electrode structure for low power optical modulation based on a slotted waveguide geometry filled with E-O polymers. A reverse-biased p?n junction is constructed inside the slot waveguide for apply modulation voltage. With this structure, the fabrication tolerance of the slot based E-O modulator should be more flexible. Analysis shows that the modulation speed of our design is comparable with the through-etched slot modulator, at the level of picoseconds.     

Orthogonally polarized single sideband modulator

A modulator design capable of producing a new constant intensity modulation format is proposed. The modulator consists of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer containing two polarization modulators. By shifting the relative phase of the electrical drive signal applied to each polarization modulator by 90 degrees a modulation consisting of a carrier and a single sideband, polarized orthogonal to the carrier, is produced.     

应用双面电极的PLZT横向电光调制器电场的精确解

使用保角变换方法导出了横向电光调制器中双面电极结构的电场和电容的解析表达式，给出了用于ＰＬＺＴ电光陶瓷介质中二次电光效应分析的电场分布的物理图像。通过计算对比表明，双面电极结构电极边级区域由于过剩双折射引起的强度调制非均匀性较单面电极有所改善。     

Microwave Photonic Phase Shifter Based on an Integrated Dual-polarization Dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder Modulator without Optical Filter

ABSTRACT

A frequency-doubled microwave photonic phase shifter (MPPS) without optical filter is proposed. The MPPS is based on an integrated dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator (DP-DPMZM) and a polarization modulator (PolM). The DP-DPMZM with a 90° polarization rotator in one arm is used to generate an optical carrier suppressed double sideband (OCS-DSB) signal with orthogonal polarization, and the PolM with two modes opposite phase modulation is used to introduce the optical phase shift between the two orthogonally polarized tones. Simulations show that the MPPS can realize a continuously tunable phase shift of 360° with only one DC bias voltage, and is not sensitive to the optical carrier wavelength and microwave signal frequency since no optical filter is used.     

Frequency modulated and polarization maintaining fiber laser with narrow linewidth

A novel configuration of fiber laser with frequency modulation is presented. Frequency modulation, stable polarization state and narrow linewidth are realized by using the waveguide phase modulator, polarization maintaining devices and saturable absorber. It is shown that the laser output reaches 23 mW, linewidth is less than 1 kHz, polarization extinction ratio is higher than 20 dB and maximum value of frequency deviation can reach 7.5 MHz.     

Optoelectronic Oscillator Based on Polarization Modulation

Abstract

A polarization modulator together with a polarizer can implement phase modulation, intensity modulation with tunable chirp, and frequency-doubling intensity modulation. If an optical filter is incorporated, frequency-quadrupling and frequency-sextupling intensity modulations and a microwave photonic phase shifter can also be realized. By using a polarization modulator to replace the intensity modulator in an optoelectronic oscillator, various new features are enabled. In this article, an analytical model for the polarization modulator-based systems is established. The recent development in employing polarization modulators for constructing optoelectronic oscillators is discussed. The emerging applications enabled by the polarization modulator-based optoelectronic oscillators and the possible future development are also discussed.     

基于二次偏振调制的变频测距方法与系统实现

由于鉴相精度限制、电路等引入的附加相移干扰等因素,传统相位测距技术精度的提高受到了限制.采用二次偏振调制技术对相位测距技术进行了改进.利用二次偏振调制方法能够直接在相位调制器上对两次调制信号的相位差进行解调,大幅度简化了系统的复杂程度.采用变频方法替代传统的鉴相方法,从而系统的测量精度不再受鉴相问题的困扰.从理论上得到系统输出光强与调制频率成正余弦关系,并进行了实验验证.基于变频测距的实验中,系统频率的稳定度优于10-6,测量精度可以达到±10.6μm(被测距离为4.5 m).并对一段长200 m的光纤进行了实际测量,得到了清晰的调制频率与系统输出光强的曲线.