APS/CNM Users Meeting: Celebrating the International Year of Light

The International Year of Light and Light-Based Technologies (IYL) is a global initiative, adopted by the United Nations, to highlight the importance of light and optics technologies, and synchrotron light sources are recognized as important tools in revealing the atomic and molecular details of the world around us. The 2015 joint Advanced Photon Source (APS)/Center for Nanoscale Materials (CNM) Users Meeting was held on May 11–14. This article reports on the APS portion of the meeting. Apropos to both the IYL and the twentieth anniversary of the first X-ray beam at the APS, research highlights were presented and opportunities for upgrading the performance of the APS were discussed.     

国际物理年话物理教育--U/I=R是定律还是定义

诺贝尔物理学奖荣获者杨振宁回母校清华大学定居，以82岁高龄为大一学生讲物理课是中国高等教育从未有过的重大事件；其意义何在?需要从他近年两件言行去寻思。     

2011光学仪器与技术国际会议

主办单位：SPIE-国际光学工程学会 CIS-中国仪器仪表学会 会议地点：北京会议时间：2011年11月6-9日     

深入学习,广泛宣传联合国大会决议使国际物理年成为亿万大众的活动

2004年6月10日，联合国第58次全体会议作出决议，史无前例地将2005年定为“国际物理年”，这对全世界物理学工作者、科技工作者和一切关心物理科学的人们都是极其欢欣鼓舞的大事．那么，联合国大会为什么要作出这个决定?国际物理年的意义何在?我们应当怎样来庆祝国际物理年?这些已经成为大家密切关注的问题．值此2005新春之际，我们愿就国际物理年这个重大主题谈谈我们的想法和做法，     

DMLS 2011: Fourth International Workshop on Diamonds for Modern Light Sources

The fourth in a series of workshops devoted to the use of diamonds at synchrotrons and free electron lasers (FELs) was held on May 5-6, 2011, at the Advanced Photon Source. The previous DMSL workshop was held in Japan in 2008. The workshop was supported in part by Argonne National Laboratory; Applied Diamond, Inc.; SINMAT, Inc.; and elementsix, Ltd. The scope was to assess : 1) the status, size, quality, and availability of synthetic type IIa diamonds; 2) the status of CVD diamonds; 3) applications for beamline optics; 4) applications for beam position monitors (BPMs) and detectors; 5) applications at FELs; and 6) novel applications, such as for an X-ray free electron laser oscillator (XFELO). On May 5, Linda Young (APS/XSD) gave the workshop welcome. There were three sessions on each of the two days. A website was created and will be kept live where the detailed age-nda and list of speakers will remain available (http://www.aps.anl.gov/News/Conferences/2011/DMLS). As part of the session on BPMs and detectors, there were several speakers from outside the light source community, which demonstrated that there is a larger science audience for these applications than just light sources. Highlights of the workshop include: 1) reports of supplier facilities for thinning and polishing; 2) reports on tests of supplier-provided bonds to CVD cooling manifolds; 3) a report of more than 99% reflectivity from diamond for hard X-rays, significant for XFELO feasibility, measured at the APS; 4) a report on thermal expansion measurements at low temperatures made at the APS (no negative thermal expansion, thermal expansion below 1e-9); 5) a report from Brookhaven National Laboratory on substantial progress in diamond beam flux monitors (BPMs), and fast detectors; 6) a presentation on plans for a self-seeding at LCLS with diamond crystals. A synopsis of each technical session follows below.     

国际互联网络（Internet）上的化学及分析化学信息

本文讨论了国际互联网络（Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ）在化学和分析化学中的应用，通过Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ可以有效地进行文献检索，获取信息，另外还介绍了查找实例并给出与化学有关的站点。     

Chemistry in space

Summary Molecules have been observed in widely disparate astronomical objects, from comets to supernova remnants. Interstellar space appear to be a real chemical laboratory, able to produce a large number of molecules, some of them relatively complex. The abundances show a very high sensitivity to local physical properties and dynamical history. This sensitivity renders molecular observations and astrochemical modelling very flexible tools for investigating the properties and evolution of the interstellar medium. A brief outline of morfology of interstellar medium is given, together with a discussion of the basic chemical processes leading to the molecular formation. Since interstellar-dust particles play a crucial role in the chemical evolution of interstellar medium, physical and chemical properties of dust are reviewed. Finally, by way of an example of modelling exercise, a toy model of the chemical evolution of interstellar gas is presented. Paper presented at the V Cosmic Physics National Conference, S. Miniato, November 27–30, 1990.     

Incorporating Analytical Chemistry into an Introductory Course in Chemistry

This paper highlights a new introductory level course entitled “Thermodynamics, Equilibria, and Kinetics” that provides students with an early introduction to incorporating analytical chemistry into their laboratory work. The rationale for creating the course and the course's format are outlined. Examples highlighting the use of spectroscopy illustrate the development of a student's ability to think as an analytical chemist.     

Analysis of Probabilistic Orbital Evolution of the Asteroids 2011 CQ1 and 2011 MD

Russian Physics Journal - The orbital evolution of asteroids 2011 CQ1 and 2011 MD approaching to the Earth is investigated. The influence of perturbing forces on the accuracy of constructing the...     

Ferroelectrics in Plasma Chemistry

The qualitative considerations are presented concerning the use of plasma, generated at the surface of ferroelectric samples, for the investigation of chemical processes. The physical principles of the phenomena, its possibilities and limitations are described. Also, preliminary conclusions resulting from the investigations carried out up to the present, are drawn up.     

Power in the Year 2000. Some reminiscences and forecasts

Large electrical generating stations are not built in a day; 6 to 20 years might elapse between the decision to build and the satisfactory operation of a station. The C.E.G.B. has tried to ensure that enough generating capacity is available to avoid ‘power-cuts’ at all seasons and this brief account explains the hazards, the failures and the successes of the forecasts which have had to be made over the years. There have been many available options for the generation of electricity and the way ahead for the last decades of the Century is forecast.