N-二茂铁甲基丁胺的合成

以二茂铁甲醛和正丁胺为原料,经缩合、还原反应制得N-二茂铁甲基丁胺。采用连续操作的方法,用正交实验确定了反应的最佳条件:二茂铁甲醛10 mmol,n(FcCHO)∶n(n-C4H9NH2)∶n(KBH4)=1.0∶1.4∶1.4;于(65±2)℃缩合反应6 h;于(55±2)℃还原反应8 h,产率可达77.8%。在最佳条件下实验规模放大50倍,收率达80.5%,纯度达99.5%。     

新型含双长链和苄基的有机硅季铵盐的合成

以双十二胺(1)为原料,与氯化苄经取代反应制得中间体苄基双十二胺(2);2与γ-氯丙基三甲氧基硅烷(3)经季铵化反应合成了一种新型的含双长链和苄基的有机硅季铵盐(4),其结构经UV-Vis和FT-IR表征。通过正交实验L9(34)优化了2和4的反应条件。合成2的最佳工艺条件为:以乙腈为溶剂,1 5 mmol,n(1)∶n(Bn Cl)=1.0∶1.2,回流反应20 h,收率80.4%。合成4的最佳工艺条件为:以乙二醇为溶剂,2 5mmol,n(2)∶n(3)=1.0∶1.6,于110℃密闭反应80 h,收率57.8%。     

溴代正辛烷的合成

以生产2-羟基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮的副产物溴化钾和正辛醇为原料,浓硫酸为催化剂,合成了溴代正辛烷。优化反应条件为:溴化钾100 mmol,n(溴化钾)∶n(正辛醇)∶n(浓硫酸)∶n(水)=1.00∶0.80∶0.92∶0.83,于110℃~120℃反应4 h。最佳反应条件放大8倍,收率仍可达93%。     

由聚乙烯醇醇解液合成苄氧胺盐酸盐

首次采用聚乙烯醇醇解废液(Ⅰ,其中乙酸甲酯含量71%,甲醇含量28%)、盐酸羟胺(2)和氯化苄(4)为原料,经酰胺化、醚化和水解反应合成了苄氧胺盐酸盐,纯度99.3%,总收率90.2%,其结构经IR确证。分别采用L9(33)和L9(43)正交实验对酰胺化反应和醚化反应条件进行优化。最佳酰胺化反应条件为:2 70 mmol,n(2)∶n(Ⅰ)∶n(NaOH)=1.00∶2.03∶2.00,于40℃反应3 h,收率95.3%。最佳醚化条件为:乙酰氧肟酸(3)70 mmol,n(3)∶n(4)=1.00∶1.05,DMF 30 mL,于90℃反应5 h,收率92.0%。     

O-对甲氧基苯基-N,N-二苄基酪氨酸乙酯的合成

N,N-二苄基酪氨酸乙酯(2)与对溴苯甲醚(3)经偶联反应合成了O-对甲氧基苯基-N,N-二苄基酪氨酸乙酯,其结构经NMR,IR和MS表征。最佳反应条件为:210mmol,n(2)∶n(3)∶n(K3PO4)∶n(CuSO4.5H2O∶n(N,N-二甲基甘氨酸盐酸盐)=1.0∶1.3∶1.3∶0.2∶0.35,在DMF(50mL)中于100℃反应8h,产率54.7%,93.8%ee。     

Na_(12)[WZn_3(H_2O)_2(ZnW_9O_(34))_2]催化剂的制备及其催化活性

采用重结果法制备了催化剂Na12[WZn3(H2O)2(ZnW9O34)2](CatZn)。以1,2-丙二醇(1)催化选择性氧化制备羟基丙酮(2)为探针反应考察了CatZn的催化性能。在最佳反应条件[1 50 mmol,n(CatZn)∶n(1)=0.06,n(H2O)∶n(1)=1.4,n(H2SO4)∶n(1)=0.15,于70℃反应1.5 h]下,收率43.85%,选择性68.87%。     

一锅法合成2-硫脲嘧啶

采用一锅法合成了2-硫脲嘧啶,最佳反应条件为:硫脲33 mmol,n(乙酸乙酯)∶n(甲酸乙酯)∶n(甲醇钠)∶n(硫脲)=2.5∶2.0∶1.5∶1.0;乙酸乙酯与甲醇钠在甲苯(35 mL)中于80℃反应3 h;冷却后滴加甲酸乙酯,于25℃充分搅拌8 h后加入硫脲的乙醇(10 mL)溶液,回流反应3 h,收率54.7%。     

N-(3-十六烷氧基-2-羟基丙基)-N,N-二甲基甜菜碱的制备

以十六醇、环氧氯丙烷、二甲胺和氯乙酸钠等为原料,通过三步反应合成N-(3-十六烷氧基-2-羟基丙基)-N,N-二甲基甜菜碱(HHDB),并探索了反应温度、投料比、反应时间和催化剂等因素对产物产率的影响,确定了最佳反应条件。中间体3-十六烷氧基-2-羟基-1-氯丙烷(HHCP)合成的最佳工艺条件:催化剂苄基三乙基氯化铵,体系p H为9.0,n(C_(16)H_(33)OH)∶n(C_3H_5OCl)=1∶1.1,滴加环氧氯丙烷温度65℃,滴加时间1.5h,反应温度95℃,反应时间5 h;中间体N-(3-十六烷氧基-2-羟基丙基)-N,N-二甲基叔胺(HHDT)合成的最佳工艺条件:n(C_(19)H_(39)OCl)∶n(C_2H_7N)=1∶1.2,反应温度85℃,反应时间20 h;产物HHDB制备的最佳工艺条件:n(C_(21)H_(45)ON)∶n(C_3H_4O_2ClNa)=1∶1.1,反应温度80℃,反应时间4 h。在上述工艺条件下,HHDB产率达到95.2%,对产物HHDB及中间体进行红外光谱与核磁氢谱表征,测定其临界胶束浓度为9.8 mmol·L-1,水溶液表面张力为18.8 m N·m-1,发泡力为1.15,产物具有较好的表面活性。     

2,3,6,7,10,11-六甲氧基苯并菲的合成工艺改进

以1,2-二甲氧基苯(1)为原料,二氯乙烷为溶剂,氯化铁为催化剂,合成了2,3,6,7,10,11-六甲氧基苯(2)。在142 mmol,n(FeC l3)∶n(1)=4∶1,50℃反应2 h的最佳反应条件下,2的收率达81.48%。     

2-(4′-氨基苯甲酰基)苯甲酸的合成方法改进

以邻苯二甲酸酐,乙酰苯胺为原料,二氯乙烷为溶剂,无水三氯化铝为催化剂,通过Friedel-Crafts酰基化反应制得2-(4′-乙酰氨基苯甲酰基)苯甲酸(1),1在酸性条件下回流,除去乙酰基得到2-(4′-氨基苯甲酰基)苯甲酸(2)。通过1H NMR,IR,MS和元素分析对1和2的结构进行了表征。最佳的Friedel-Crafts反应条件为:邻苯二甲酸酐20 mmol,n(邻苯二甲酸酐)∶n(乙酰苯胺)=1∶1,n(邻苯二甲酸酐)∶n(AlCl3)=1∶3,于45℃反应2 h,收率70.4%。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.