靛酚蓝光度法测定海水中痕量氨氮

氮的化合物是海洋生物所必需的最重要的营养物质，其中氨氮对海洋生物正常的生长、发育、繁殖具有重要意义。对于氨氮的检测，比较经典的方法是纳氏试剂法，但加入纳氏试剂后，硫化物易使水体变浑浊，影响检测的灵敏度，另有离子色谱法、毛细管电泳法、离子选择性电极(ISE)、吸光光度法等。本文对靛酚法测定海水中的氨氮进行了研究，并将分析结果应用于实际海水养殖业，收到良好的效果。     

钼蓝光度法测定洗衣粉中的磷含量

针对洗衣粉的成分特性,采用硫酸消解样品,钼蓝光度法测定其磷含量。通过试验,确定了最佳分析条件。该方法的线性范围为1.20×10~(-2)～1.28 μg/mL,线性回归方程为A=0.786c-1.11×10~(-3),相关系数r=0.9998,加标回收率为96.6％～103％,相对标准偏差为1.2％～4.3％,检出限为0.3μg/25mL。该方法操作简单、快捷,适合环保监测工作的要求。     

硅钼蓝光度法测定铅精矿中的二氧化硅

铅精矿中二氧化硅的测定没有国家标准和部标,前苏联国家标准［１］手续麻烦,一般需２～３ｄ。我们探索了铅精矿中二氧化硅的硅钼蓝分光光度法测定。比较前苏联标准,本法快速简便,可获很好的准确度和精密度。１　主要仪器和试剂ＵＶ１２００１岛津分光光度计。无水碳酸钠,氢氧化钾,质量分数为５％的钼酸铵水溶液、０５％的高锰酸钾水溶液、０５％的抗坏血酸水溶液,盐酸,乙醇。上述试剂均为分析纯。二氧化硅标准溶液：质量浓度为２００μｇ·ｍＬ－１,用高纯二氧化硅配制。２　分析方法称取试样０１００ｇ,置于银坩埚中,…     

磷钼蓝光度法测定锰铁中磷

氟化钠-氯化亚锡磷钼蓝光度法测定磷的应用较广泛,但显色稳定性差.利用此法测定锰铁中磷的研究很少见报道.本文在前人经验的基础上,采用磷钼蓝直接光度法,试样以硝酸溶解,高氯酸发烟,亚硫酸钠还原高价锰,酒石酸钾钠掩蔽硅,试验了在硫酸介质中,用氟化钠-氯化亚锡还原磷钼黄为磷钼蓝,实现了锰铁中磷的测定.显色稳定性较好,已适用于锰铁脱磷工艺中批量分析,结果满意.     

铋磷钼蓝光度法测定水中的总磷

目前 ,测定水中总磷的方法有过硫酸钾消化钼蓝吸光光度法、过硫酸钾高压消化钼蓝吸光光度法[1] ,前者消化繁琐 ,所需时间长 ,后者需要高压蒸气消毒器。铋磷钼蓝法测定钼精矿中磷已有所报道[2 ] 。本文用此法测定水中总磷 ,研究了在强酸高氯酸存在下 ,离子缔合物的形成条件 ,光度特性及分析应用。本体系表观摩尔吸光系数值为 1.6× 10 4 Ｌ·ｍｏｌ- 1·ｃｍ- 1。方法有一定的选择性 ,操作简便、快速、灵敏度高 ,适用于水中总磷的测定。1　试验部分1.1　仪器与试剂72 1分光光度计钼酸铵溶液 :5 0 ｇ·Ｌ- 1,将 5 ｇ钼酸铵[(ＮＨ4 ) 6 Ｍｏ7Ｏ…     

普鲁士蓝光度法测定药物中乙酰半胱氨酸含量

利用乙酰半胱氨酸分子中的巯基(-SH)可将Fe(III)还原为Fe(II),Fe(II)与K3[Fe(CN)6]反应生成在720 nm处有最大吸收的可溶性普鲁士蓝KFe[Fe(CN)6],通过测定普鲁士蓝的吸光度,可间接测定乙酰半胱氨酸的含量,从而建立了准确、快速测定乙酰半胱氨酸含量的新方法。乙酰半胱氨酸质量浓度在0.6560~6.560μg·m L-1范围内与A呈良好的线性关系,线性回归方程为A=0.00940+0.0803 C(μg·m L-1),线性相关系数r=0.9996,表观摩尔吸收系数ε=1.1×104L/(mol·cm)。方法用于实际药品中乙酰半胱氨酸的含量测定,结果与药典法(高效液相色谱法)一致。     

硅钼蓝光度法测定五氧化二钒中微量硅

采用氢氧化钠对试样进行前处理 ,在硝酸 0 .0 8～ 0 .4 0ｍｏｌ·Ｌ- 1酸度下 ,硅与钼酸铵形成硅钼酸络离子 ,在硫酸 0 .8～ 1.6ｍｏｌ·Ｌ- 1酸度下 ,被还原生成硅钼蓝 ,借此进行光度测定[1] ,硅量在 10～ 10 0 μｇ/5 0ｍｌ范围内遵守比耳定律。1　试验部分1.1　仪器与试剂72 2光栅分光光度计硅标准溶液 :10 μｇ·ｍｌ- 1五氧化二钒标准溶液 :2 .5ｍｇ·ｍｌ- 1,称取五氧化二钒 (99.99%) 0 .2 5 0 0 ｇ置于 30 0ｍｌ聚四氟乙烯烧杯中 ,加入 10 0ｇ·Ｌ- 1ＮａＯＨ溶液 10ｍｌ,低温加热溶解 ,取下 ,加入数滴酚酞 ,用ＨＮＯ3 (1+ 1)调至无…     

水溶性苯胺蓝光度法测定蛋白质

在pH1．0～2．3的酸性介质中,水溶性苯胺蓝与牛血清蛋白、人血清蛋白、卵白蛋白、α-糜蛋白酶作用形成结合产物时将导致溶液光吸收发生变化,在558nm褪色,在634nm附近吸光度增强,且吸光度差(△A)值均与蛋白浓度成正比,不同蛋白质分别在0～50mg／L或20～80mg／L范围内符合比耳定律。据此,建立了一种新的光度测定蛋白质的新方法。它用于人血清和尿液样品中总蛋白质的质量测定,回收率在95％～102％之间,结果满意。     

硅钼蓝光度法测定碳化硅中二氧化硅的含量

采用氯化钠-盐酸-氢氟酸溶解碳化硅样品,加钼酸铵使硅酸离子形成硅钼杂多酸,然后用1-氨基-2-萘酚-4-磺酸还原剂将其还原成硅钼蓝,在700nm波长处测定其吸光度,从而测得碳化硅中的二氧化硅含量。考察了称样量、水浴温度、水浴加热时间、样品储存容器、显色反应时间等因素对测定结果的影响,优化了测试条件。二氧化硅的质量浓度在0．25-12．5mg／（100mL）的范围内与吸光度呈良好的线性关系,线性相关系数r=0．99986。加标回收率为99．2％～100．9％,测定结果的相对标准偏差为0．76％（n=6）。     

Sample clean-up by sol-gel immunoaffinity chromatography for determination of chloramphenicol in shrimp

The paper describes the characterisation and application of sol-gel columns prepared by entrapping anti-chloramphenicol (CAP) antibodies. Retention of CAP in the column was caused by specific interactions with the anti-CAP antibodies and not by non-specific adsorption to the sol-gel glass. After optimising important operation conditions, e.g. feeding medium, feeding flow-rate, elution medium, elution flow-rate and elution volume, the sol-gel columns were included in a clean-up procedure developed to determine CAP in shrimp. The selectivity of the columns was high enough to efficiently remove interfering matrix compounds. Due to the chromatographic conditions applied retention of cross-reacting substances in the immunoaffinity column did not pose a problem. CAP recovery of the analytical method was 68% with a relative standard deviation of 4% (n=4). In spite of applying highly complex shrimp extracts the columns could be used for clean-up of at least 12 samples. However, when detection of CAP is carried out with an UV detector the analytical method has a relatively poor sensitivity (LOD=1.8 ng/g, S/N=3). The most obvious way is to replace the UV detector by a detector based on an inherently more sensitive and selective detection principle, like a mass spectrometer.     

超高效液相色谱串联质谱法快速检测烤鳗虾中硝基呋喃代谢物残留新技术

采用高检测灵敏度超高效液相色谱串联质谱开发了烤鳗虾中硝基呋喃代谢物残留量快速检测新技术.该技术包括2-氯苯甲醛为衍生剂,试剂盒方法快速样品制备,高检测灵敏度超高效液相色谱串联质谱快速测定.设计了4个添加水平(0.2、0.5、1.0、2.0 μg/kg)、8次重复的试验.结果表明,方法线性范围0～5.0 μg/kg;检测限均为0.2μg/kg;AOZ回收率89.2%～100.6%,RSD2.2%～12.6%;AMOZ回收率91.3%～107.4%,RSD 4.3%～8.7%;SEM回收率79.9%～118.0%,RSD 2.4%～12.3%和A皿回收率78.9%～105.0%,RSD3.7%～12.1%.该快速检测方法小批量(20个样品)检测周期少于5.5h.     

Folin-Ciocalteu分光光度法测定茶多酚锌配合物中多酚的含量

以没食子酸为对照品,采用Folin-Ciocalteu比色法测定了茶多酚锌配合物(TP-Zn)中多酚的含量.结果表明,多酚质量浓度在0～8.54 mg ·L-1范围内与吸光度呈良好的线性关系;稳定性、精密度、重现性和回收率实验的相对标准偏差在0.39％～1.23％范围内.该法是一种简便、快速、准确测定茶叶制品中多酚含量...     

高效液相色谱-荧光法测定对虾组织中红霉素的残留量

建立了高效液相色谱-荧光法测定对虾组织中红霉素残留量的检测方法。主要研究了样品前处理方法。提出了以乙腈为提取剂,正己烷去脂、二氯甲烷反萃的新的样品处理方式。该方法简单,灵敏度高,方法检出限为150μg／kg,回收率≥75％。     

Ultra-high pressure LC determination of glucosamine in shrimp by-products and migration tests of chitosan films

Chitosan, a multiple applications molecule, was isolated from shrimp by-products by fermentation. The amount of chitosan in the solid fraction of the fermented extract was measured after its conversion in the respective glucosamine units. The procedure includes an acid hydrolysis (110 °C, 4 h with HCl 8 M) and a derivatization with 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate (Fmoc-Cl). Ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography method was developed and optimized. Excellent peaks resolution was achieved in just 10 min. The method was evaluated in what concerns to validation parameters such as linearity, repeatability, quantification limit, and recovery. Migration tests of films prepared with chitosan were carried out in two simulants: ultrapure water and ethanol 95% (v/v).     

水产品中呋喃唑酮代谢物AOZ的检测能力验证分析

介绍了全国多个行业51家实验室参加水产品中呋喃唑酮代谢物AOZ的检测能力验证计划的情况。选用活虾药浴暂养后制得并通过均匀性F检验和稳定性t检验的虾肉糜样作为测试样品,采用稳健统计技术对试验结果进行了分析。讨论了水产品中呋喃唑酮代谢物AOZ检测的一些关键点。     

车前子多糖的测定方法研究

建立了一种准确测定车前子中多糖的方法。采用苯酚-硫酸法测定车前子中多糖量,以木糖作为标准对照物,检测波长480 nm。实验结果表明,车前子中多糖平均值为9.04%,平均加标回收率为98.2%,RSD=1.7%(n=6)。此测定方法适用于车前子多糖含量的测定,也可为其他戊糖含量高的多糖测定提供参考。     

Preparation and evaluation of a novel molecularly imprinted SPE monolithic capillary column for the determination of auramine O in shrimp

A novel method combining molecular imprinting and SPE was developed in a capillary column for the determination of auramine O in shrimp. The capillary monolithic column was prepared by UV‐initiated in situ polymerization, using auramine O as template and methacrylic acid and ethylene dimethacrylate as functional monomer and cross‐linker, respectively. The properties of the prepared capillary monolithic column were investigated under the optimized conditions coupled with HPLC, and then the morphologies of the inner polymers were characterized by SEM. The calibration curve was expressed as A = 103C + 19.8 (r = 0.9992) with a linear range of 0.25–25.0 μg/mL, and the recoveries of auramine O at different concentrations in shrimp ranged from 90.5 to 92.4% with RSDs ranging from 2.1 to 4.4%. The capacities of the molecularly imprinted polymer and nonimprinted polymer columns were 0.722 and 0.147 μg/mg, respectively, and the LOD (S/N = 3) of auramine O in shrimp was 17.85 μg/kg. Under the selected conditions, the enrichment factors obtained were higher than 70‐fold. The results indicate that the prepared molecularly imprinted capillary monolithic column was reliable and applicable to the analysis of auramine O in shrimp.     

茜素绿-蛋白质体系的共振瑞利散射光谱及其分析应用

基于蛋白质对茜素绿共振瑞利散射的增强作用,建立了一种测定水溶性蛋白质的新方法.在酸性BR缓冲溶液中,茜素绿在365 nm处的共振光散射增强与蛋白质浓度呈线性关系.对人血清白蛋白、牛血清白蛋白、γ-人球蛋白、卵白蛋白测定的检出限均低于14 ng/mL.该方法灵敏、稳定、选择性好,适用于人血清、尿液中总蛋白质的测定.