固相微萃取/气相色谱/质谱联用测定水中的2,4-二硝基苯酚

研究了水中痕量2,4-二硝基苯酚的固相微萃取（SPME）方法,得到了2,4-二硝基苯酚的SPME最佳萃取条件：水溶液调pH2,并用NaCl他和,在室温下直接萃取30min,气相色谱／质谱分析时,纤维探针在270℃下脱附3min。所建立的方法适于快速、方便地测定水中2,4-二硝基苯酚,不需浓缩和预处理。     

顶空固相微萃取/气相色谱法快速测定水中氯代苯胺类残留

建立了固相微萃取/气相色谱法(SPME/GC)同时测定水中13种氯代苯胺的方法。优化了GC测定条件,研究了纤维头类型、萃取温度、萃取时间、萃取pH值、离子强度和解吸时间对萃取效果的影响。在优化条件下,各目标组分在一定浓度范围内线性关系良好,检出限为0.05~0.34μg/L。用于实际水样分析,加标回收率为76.0%~121%,相对标准偏差为0.3%~17.2%。方法可用于水体中13种氯代苯胺的快速痕量分析。     

固相微萃取-气相色谱法测定鱼肉中五氯酚

经匀浆的鱼肉样品置于20 mL顶空瓶中,加入氯化钠3.0 g,水1 mL及pH 2.0硫酸溶液9 mL,于40℃超声萃取30 min。将顶空瓶放入带固相微萃取装置的Combi PAL全自动进样器中,于90℃温度下加热20 min后,用85μm聚丙烯酸酯萃取头固相微萃取10 min,于280℃热解3 min,用HP-5毛细管柱分离后,用气相色谱法(电子捕获检测器)测定五氯酚的含量。五氯酚的线性范围在0.05~100μg.L-1之间,方法的检出限(3S/N)为0.02μg.L-1。在3个浓度水平(1.0,5.0,50.0μg.kg-1)上对方法的回收率进行试验,测得回收率在81.2%~89.4%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在4.2%~7.1%之间。     

离子色谱-质谱联用法同时测定饮用水中3种痕量一氯酚

建立了一种新型、灵敏、准确的同时测定饮用水中2-氯酚、3-氯酚和4-氯酚的离子色谱-质谱联用检测方法。饮用水样经固相萃取小柱富集、净化后,在IonPac(AS18阴离子交换色谱柱(250 mm×4.0 mm)及IonPac(AG18预柱(50 mm×4.0 mm)上,以含有10%乙腈的15 mmol/L KOH溶液为淋洗液,采用大气压化学电离源(APC I)在选择离子监测(SIM)模式下进行检测,定量检测离子为m/z127[M-H]-,其日内与日间精密度分别小于8.6%和10.5%;2-氯酚、3-氯酚和4-氯酚在0.02~5.0μg/L范围均具有良好的线性;水样中2-氯酚、3-氯酚和4-氯酚的最低定量检出限分别为0.02μg/L、0.01μg/L和0.01μg/L。用于饮用水中一氯酚的测定,结果满意。     

衍生-分散液相微萃取/气相色谱-质谱法测定纺织品中的含氯酚及邻苯基苯酚

建立了衍生、分散液相微萃取(DLLME)与气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用测定纺织品中5种含氯酚(PCPs)和邻苯基苯酚(OPP)的方法。对影响萃取和富集效率的因素,萃取剂种类及用量、分散剂种类及用量、碳酸钾溶液浓度等条件进行了优化。确定最佳实验条件为:纺织样品用0.15 mol/L的碳酸钾溶液超声提取后定容,取5 mL溶液,加入0.1 mL乙酸酐进行衍生处理2 min后,经0.2 mL四氯化碳(萃取剂)与0.6mL异丙醇(分散剂)混合溶液分散萃取,在4 000 r/min下离心3 min,取下层有机相进行GC-MS分析。在优化实验条件下,5种含氯酚和邻苯基苯酚的线性范围为0.001~1 mg/L,相关系数为0.999 1~0.999 9,检出限(S/N=3)为0.5~5μg/kg,样品加标回收率为87.2%~103.7%,相对标准偏差为2.5%~4.8%。方法简单、灵敏,回收率和重复性良好,可用于纺织品中5种含氯酚和邻苯基苯酚的测定。     

液相色谱法测定地表水中氯酚类化合物

采用单滴液相微萃取-高效液相色谱法测定水中的4-氯酚、2,6-二氯酚、2,4-二氯酚和2,4,6-三氯酚。色谱条件为:Diamonsil C18柱(250×4.6mm i.d.,5μm),柱温:室温,流速1.0mL/min,以甲醇∶水∶甲酸(体积比70∶30∶0.2)为流动相,225nm紫外检测。考察了萃取溶剂种类、萃取时间、萃取温度、搅拌速度和pH值对萃取效率的影响。4-氯酚、2,6-二氯酚、2,4-二氯酚在1.5~100mg/L和2,4,6-三氯酚在2.5~100mg/L范围内有良好线性,相关系数不低于0.9996,回收率在74.9%~84.4%之间,相对标准偏差低于4.9%。     

顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱法测定饮用水源水中1,3,5-三氯苯

采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱法对饮用水源水中1,3,5-三氯苯进行了测定。以1,2-二氯苯-d4为内标,用PDMS萃取头顶空萃取20min,萃取头于气相色谱进样口解析5min。采用DB-624色谱柱在程序升温条件下进行分离,质谱分析中采用电子轰击离子源(230℃,70eV)及选择离子监测模式测定。结果表明:1,3,5-三氯苯在0.100～2.50μg.L-1范围内呈线性,检出限(3S/N)为0.019μg.L-1。方法用于河流及水库水中的1,3,5-三氯苯的测定,加标回收率在91.5%～126.0%之间。     

饮用水中硝酸盐氮的快速测定法

饮用水中硝酸盐氮的测定方法,目前比较常用的是酚二磺酸法。该法虽有许多优点,但有需蒸干水样,试剂制备比较麻烦等缺点。最近有人提出麝香草酚法不必蒸干水样,但要经萃取和反萃取。我们用麝香草酚作试剂直接比色测定饮用水中硝酸盐氮,使方法大为简化,而且快速,准确。已应用于测定浅井水和自来水中的硝酸盐氮     

固相微萃取气相色谱质谱联用同时测定鱼塘水中26种常见投毒农药

建立了固相微萃取气质联用同时检测鱼塘水中26种常见农药的方法。通过正交试验设计,确定萃取条件为100μm PDMS萃取头,pH 7,20℃萃取30min,搅拌200 r/min。优化了气相色谱和质谱条件,样品在25 min内测试完成。该方法检测鱼塘水样品中混合标准溶液的回收率在72%~118%之间,相对标准偏差在1.2%~15.8%之间,检出限为0.001~1.3ng/m L。本法成功应用于真实鱼塘水投毒案例中高效氯氟氰菊酯的定性检测。     

固相微萃取气相色谱法测定水产品中五氯苯酚及其钠盐残留量

采用自动固相微萃取(Automated SPME)超声波辅助萃取技术(UE)与气相色谱联用测定水产品中五氯苯酚及其钠盐残留量.实验优化了SPME直接萃取技术,样品调pH 2,超声波40℃萃取30 min后,用85μm聚丙烯酸酯(PA)萃取头90℃自动搅拌萃取30 min,270℃解吸5 min.最低检出量为0.01μg/kg;五氯苯酚线性范围0.001～10 μg/L,r=0.9999;对鳕鱼加标五氯苯酚1.0、5.0μg/kg回收率分别为71.0%～80.0%、77.2%～91.4%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为6.3%和8.6%(n=3).该方法简便、灵敏、稳定,无溶剂污染,是测定水产品中五氯苯酚及其钠盐残留量的理想方法.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Copper catalyzed/mediated synthetic methodology for ebselen and related isoselenazolones

Scope of the copper catalyzed/mediated selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction has been studied for the synthesis of isoselenazolones. It is noticed that the 2-chloro, 2-bromo-, and 2-iodo-aryl amides substrates can be exploited in the selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction by employing 25-100 mol % of CuI/1,10-phenanthroline (L) and potassium carbonate as a base in DMF. Furthermore, electron rich 2-chloro-arylamides also underwent selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction to give biologically important selenium-nitrogen heterocycles. Also, copper-catalyzed selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction has been meticulously applied for the synthesis of diaryl diselenides having methoxy, amine, and amide functionality from respective aryl iodides in the presence of stoichiometric amount of succinimide as an external Se-N coupling partner.     

Knoevenagel condensation catalyzed by novel Nmm-based ionic liquids in water

A series of novel N-methyl morpholine (Nmm) based ionic liquids with 1,2-propanediol group were synthesized and used as catalysts for Knoevenagel condensation at room temperature in water. Under the effect of the catalyst, various aldehydes or aliphatic ketones could react with a wide range of activated methylene compounds well, including malononitrile, alkyl cyanoacetate, cyanoacetamide, β-diketone, barbituric acid, 2-arylacetonitrile and thiazolidinedione. Furthermore, most of the products could be separated just by filtrating and washing with water. Additionally, the catalyst is recyclable and applicable for the large-scale synthesis.     

Construction of polyheterocyclic spirotetrahydrothiophene derivatives via sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction

A series of polyheterocyclic spirotetrahydrothiophene derivatives were obtained in moderate to excellent yields via a catalyst-free sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction of chalcones 1 and commercially available 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol 2 under mild conditions. We also present the first asymmetric sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction of chalcones 1 and commercially available 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol 2 with moderate to good enantioselectivities catalyzed by readily available chiral phase-transfer catalysts (PTCs).     

Suzuki-Miyaura reactions of the soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor NS2028: a non-product specific route to C-8 substituted analogues

Both soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) inhibitors ODQ 1 and NS2028 2 are synthesized via improved protocols. In the former case treating 3,4-dihydroquinoxalin-2(1H)-one oxime 8, which can be prepared in two steps from 1,2-benzenediamine, with 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) gives the dihydro-ODQ 10 that in the presence of KMnO₄ oxidises to give ODQ 1 in an overall yield of 46% starting from 1,2-benzenediamine. In the latter case, the synthesis affords NS2028 2 from 2-amino-4-bromophenol 3 in three steps with an overall yield of 85% and avoids the need for chromatography. Furthermore, Suzuki-Miyaura reaction conditions are described that enable the preparation of 8-aryl and 8-heteroaryl derivatives of NS2028 directly from NS2028 2. Finally, demethylation of the 8-(methoxyphenyl) substituted analogues afforded the 8-(hydroxyphenyl) derivatives 40-42. All new products are fully characterised.