Gauging magnetorotational instability

Previously (Z. Angew. Math. Phys. 57:615–622, 2006), we examined the axisymmetric stability of viscous resistive magnetized Couette flow with emphasis on flows that would be hydrodynamically stable according to Rayleigh’s criterion: opposing gradients of angular velocity and specific angular momentum. A uniform axial magnetic field permeates the fluid. In this regime, magnetorotational instability (MRI) may occur. It was proved that MRI is suppressed, in fact no instability at all occurs, with insulating boundary conditions, when a term multipling the magnetic Prandtl number is neglected. Likewise, in the current work, including this term, when the magnetic resistivity is sufficiently large, MRI is suppressed. This shows conclusively that small magnetic dissipation is a feature of this instability for all magnetic Prandtl numbers. A criterion is provided for the onset of MRI.     

Gauging magnetorotational instability

Previously (Z. Angew. Math. Phys. 57:615–622, 2006), we examined the axisymmetric stability of viscous resistive magnetized Couette flow with emphasis on flows that would be hydrodynamically stable according to Rayleigh’s criterion: opposing gradients of angular velocity and specific angular momentum. A uniform axial magnetic field permeates the fluid. In this regime, magnetorotational instability (MRI) may occur. It was proved that MRI is suppressed, in fact no instability at all occurs, with insulating boundary conditions, when a term multipling the magnetic Prandtl number is neglected. Likewise, in the current work, including this term, when the magnetic resistivity is sufficiently large, MRI is suppressed. This shows conclusively that small magnetic dissipation is a feature of this instability for all magnetic Prandtl numbers. A criterion is provided for the onset of MRI.     

SOLUTIONS OF EULER-POISSON EQUATIONS IN R^n

In this article, the authors study the structure of the solutions for the EuierPoisson equations in a bounded domain of Rn with the given angular velocity and n is an odd number. For a ball domain and a constant angular velocity, both existence and nonexistence theorem are obtained depending on the adiabatic gas constant 7. In addition, they obtain the monotonicity of the radius of the star with both angular velocity and center density. They also prove that the radius of a rotating spherically symmetric star, with given constant angular velocity and constant entropy, is uniformly bounded independent of the central density. This is different to the case of the non-rotating star.     

Homicidal Chauffeur Game with Target Set in the Shape of a Circular Angular Sector: Conditions for Existence of a Closed Barrier

A planar constant-speed pursuit-evasion problem with dynamic model similar to the one of the homicidal chauffeur game and with prescribed angular constraints in the capture criterion is analyzed as a differential game of kind. Because of the angular constraints, the target set of the game has the shape of a circular angular sector. Conditions for the existence of the game barrier (closed) are obtained. Using these conditions, a necessary and sufficient condition for capture of a slower evader from any initial state of the game is established. This condition is represented by an expression for the minimal nondimensional capture radius, normalized by the pursuer minimal turning radius, which guarantees capture of all slower evaders. This minimal capture radius depends on the angular constraints. Capture from any initial state implies that the barrier of the game does not exist and vice versa. In this game, two types of barrier are derived, with termination at either points of smoothness or points of nonsmoothness (corner points) of the boundary of the target set. The results are illustrated by numerical examples.     

Stabilization of Euler- Bernoulli Beam by A Boundary Control

A flexible beam is considered. One end of the beam is free and another end is clamped under changeable angle, with angular velocity taken as control variable. A suitable stability criterion is introduced and the uniform exponential stabilizability is established for a linear feedback control applied at the clamped end.     

On the stabilization of elastic plates with dynamical boundary control

We study the exponential stabilization of elastic plates with dynamical boundary control. We show that the corresponding system with velocity and angular velocity feedbacks control in the dynamical boundary is not exponentially stable. Our main tool is the frequency-domain criterion for exponential stability of semigroups.     

预测复合材料开裂方向的比应变能密度准则

本文提出预测复合材料中裂纹方向的比应变能密度准则,并将Tsai-Hill与Norris准则扩展来预测复合材料中的开裂方向.用这三个准则预测了具有各种不同纤维方向的单向纤维复合材料的裂纹扩展方向,预测结果与现有的比正应力准则和应变能密度准则进行了对比.     

Elastic-plastic states of a rotating inhomogeneously heated strain hardening hollow shaft

Based on Tresca's yield criterion and the flow rule associated with it, the behaviour of a linearly strain-hardening elastic-plastic hollow shaft subject to a positive radial temperature gradient and monotonously increasing angular speed is studied. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

A blowup criterion for the compressible nematic liquid crystal flows in dimension two

In this paper, we establish a blowup criterion for the two-dimensional compressible nematic liquid crystal flows. The criterion is given in terms of the density and the gradient of direction field, where the later satisfies the Serrin-type blowup criterion. For this result, we do not need the initial density to be positive.     

Structure analysis of solution to equations of quasi 3-D accretion disk model

In this paper we discuss the problems contained in the solution to the equations of quasi 3-D accretion disk model, and point out that the angular momentum equation should not be integrated directly. Finally, we develop a criterion of the existence of a disconnected solution to this model.     

A criterion for the existence of the essential spectrum for beak-shaped elastic bodies

We establish a criterion for the existence of the essential spectrum for the elasticity problem in the case the traction-free surface of a finite elastic body has a beak-shaped irregularity (see Corollary 3.5 and Theorem 4.2). This boundary irregularity is angular in two dimensions and cuspidal in one dimension. We obtain further information on the spectral structure in some particular cases, and formulate open questions and hypotheses.     

A criterion for the existence of the essential spectrum for beak-shaped elastic bodies

We establish a criterion for the existence of the essential spectrum for the elasticity problem in the case the traction-free surface of a finite elastic body has a beak-shaped irregularity (see Corollary 3.5 and Theorem 4.2). This boundary irregularity is angular in two dimensions and cuspidal in one dimension. We obtain further information on the spectral structure in some particular cases, and formulate open questions and hypotheses.     

A new blowup criterion of strong solutions to the two-dimensional equations of compressible nematic liquid crystal flows

In this paper, we concern the Cauchy problem of two-dimensional (2D) compressible nematic liquid crystal flows with vacuum as far-field density. Under a geometric condition for the initial orientation field, we establish a blowup criterion in terms of the integrability of the density for strong solutions to the compressible nematic liquid crystal flows. This criterion generalizes previous results of compressible nematic liquid crystal flows with vacuum, which concludes the initial boundary problem and Cauchy problem.     

Relative Equilibria in the Spherical,Finite Density Three-Body Problem

The relative equilibria for the spherical, finite density three-body problem are identified. Specifically, there are 28 distinct relative equilibria in this problem which include the classical five relative equilibria for the point-mass three-body problem. None of the identified relative equilibria exist or are stable over all values of angular momentum. The stability and bifurcation pathways of these relative equilibria are mapped out as the angular momentum of the system is increased. This is done under the assumption that they have equal and constant densities and that the entire system rotates about its maximum moment of inertia. The transition to finite density greatly increases the number of relative equilibria in the three-body problem and ensures that minimum energy configurations exist for all values of angular momentum.     

The small magnetic Prandtl number approximation suppresses magnetorotational instability

Axisymmetric stability of viscous resistive magnetized Couette flow is re-examined, with emphasis on flows that would be hydrodynamically stable according Rayleigh’s criterion: opposing gradients of angular velocity and specific angular momentum. In this regime, mag- netorotational instability (MRI) may occur. The governing system in cylindrical coordinates is of tenth order. It is proved, by methods based on those of Synge and Chandrasekhar, that by dropping one term from the system, MRI is suppressed, in fact no instability at all occurs, with insulating boundary conditions. This term is often neglected because it has the magnetic Prandtl number, which is very small, as a factor; nevertheless it is crucially important. (Received: August 11, 2005; revised: January 3, 2006)     

Randomized projection method for estimating angular distributions of polarized radiation based on numerical statistical modeling

To study the intensity of radiation transmitted through a layer of substance, a Monte Carlo algorithm is developed based on the expansion of the corresponding angular distribution density in terms of orthonormalized polynomials with a “Lambert” weight. The algorithm is optimized so as to simplify the computations as much as possible. Even a small effect of polarization and the deviation of the angular distribution from the Lambert one can be estimated rather accurately by applying the algorithm.     

Angular Properties of Delaunay Diagrams in Any Dimension

Equiangularity (also called max-min angle criterion) is a well-known property of some planar triangulations that refine the Delaunay diagram. In this paper we generalize the notion of equiangularity to decompositions in inscribable polygons and we show that it characterizes the planar Delaunay diagram, even if more than three sites are cocircular. This result does not extend to higher dimensions. However, we characterize the Delaunay diagram in any dimension by a kind of dual property that we prove both with line angles and with solid angles. We also establish a local equiangularity of Delaunay diagrams in any dimension, and an angular characterization of self-centered diagrams. Finally, we show that these angular properties can, when appropriately defined, be generalized to the farthest point Delaunay diagram. Received April 25, 1996, and in revised form July 31, 1997, and March 18, 1998.     

Global stability and uniqueness of an initial boundary value problem of a dusty gas model

In the present investigation, we obtain a universal stability theorem for a dusty gas model with constant number density of dust particles and as a consequence, we establish a uniqueness criterion for an initial boundary value problem. For a variable number density of dust particles, only a uniqueness theorem is obtained.     

Sequential change-point detection for mixing random sequences under composite hypotheses

The problem of sequential detection of a change-point in the density function of one-dimensional distribution of observations from a mixing random sequence is considered when both before and after a change-point this density function belongs to a certain family of distributions, i.e. in the situation of composite hypotheses. A new quality criterion for change-point detection is proposed. The asymptotic a priori lower bound for this criterion is proved for wide class of methods of change-point detection. An asymptotically optimal method of change-point detection is proposed for which this lower bound is attained asymptotically. In particular, for the case of a simple hypothesis before a change-point, this method coincides with the generalized cumulative sums (CUSUM) method.      

Monte Carlo Estimation of Functional Characteristics of Field Intensity of Radiation Passing through a Random Medium

Numerical-statistical estimates of correlation characteristics and averaged angular distributions of field intensity of radiation passing through a randommedium are obtained. Comparative investigations are performed for an elementary Poisson field and for a “realistic” field of optical density of the medium. The estimates obtained confirm the hypothesis that the quantities being investigated are strongly dependent on the correlation scale and the one-dimensional distribution of the density field.