药物间置换相互作用的毛细管电泳-迎头分析法研究

将18-甲基炔诺酮加到人血清白蛋白-酮洛芬平衡溶液中,室温孵育达平衡后应用毛细管电泳-迎头分析法研究了18-甲基炔诺酮和酮洛芬在人血清白蛋白分子上的置换相互作用。一大体积样品虹吸进样至未涂层毛细管(65 cm×50 μm i.d.,有效长度35 cm),进样时间80 s,毛细管两端高度差11 cm,工作电压10 kV,运行缓冲液为67 mmol/L磷酸盐缓冲液(pH 7.4),游离酮洛芬浓度由前沿峰的高度直接测定。当酮洛芬样品溶液中酮洛芬的总浓度分别为100 μmol/L和200 μmol/L时,随着18-甲基炔诺酮加入量的增加(18-甲基炔诺酮的浓度由0增至200 μmol/L),游离酮洛芬的浓度分别从22.4 增至26.4 μmol/L和从82.1增至106.2 μmol/L。由上面的结果可推论:高浓度的18-甲基炔诺酮可将酮洛芬从它的第二类结合位点上置换出来。     

高效迎头分析法测定药物-人血清白蛋白混合液中游离药物浓度

 用高效迎头分析法 (HPFA)测定了药物 人血清白蛋白 (HSA)混合液中游离药物的浓度。样品溶液不经任何处理直接进样到装有内表面反相固定相的色谱柱中 ,用 67mmol/L磷酸盐缓冲液 ( pH 7 4 ,I =0 17mol/L)作流动相。当进样体积足够大时 ,游离药物以平顶峰的形式被洗脱出来 ,平顶峰区域洗脱液中的药物浓度等于样品溶液中游离药物的浓度。收集平顶峰区域的洗脱液 ,然后将一定体积的洗脱液注入到反相色谱柱中 ,测定游离药物的浓度。用该法测定酮基布洛芬 HSA和头孢哌酮 HSA两种混合液中游离药物的浓度。     

毛细管电泳-迎头分析法测定血清或血浆中氯氮平的游离浓度

采用毛细管电泳-迎头分析模式体外实验测定了人血清白蛋白溶液、人血浆、兔血清和血浆样品溶液中游离氯氮平的浓度．根据前沿峰的峰高直接测定了样品溶液中的游离氯氮平浓度,并与传统超滤法进行了比较．通过考察施加的电压和运行缓冲液的组成对氯氮平电泳峰平台形成的影响确定了最优分离条件．讨论了氯氮平蛋白结合作用的选择性．     

高效液相色谱法测定饮料中的呋喃-2,5-二甲酸

建立了饮料中呋喃-2,5-二甲酸含量的高效液相色谱(HPLC)分析方法,采用Venusil HILIC(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱;柱温40℃;流动相为0.02 mol/L乙酸铵(冰乙酸调至p H 3.5)-乙腈(50∶50);流速1.0 m L/min;检测波长265 nm。呋喃-2,5-二甲酸在0.5~100 mg/L浓度范围内线性良好,检出限(LOD)和定量下限(LOQ)分别为0.15 mg/kg和0.5 mg/kg,回收率为93.2%~109.0%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为0.9%~4.2%。该方法快速、操作简便、灵敏度高,适用于饮料中呋喃-2,5-二甲酸含量的测定。     

反相高效液相色谱检测法测定溴化1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑-水体系中青蒿素

建立了反相高效液相色谱(RP-HPLC)定量检测离子液体溴化1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑-水体系中青蒿素含量的方法.检测条件为:室温(25±1)℃,C18反向柱(250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm),以V(甲醇): V(0.01 mol/L HAc-NaAc溶液,pH=5.9)=60: 40混合溶液为流动相,流速0.5 mL/min,检测波长为260 nm.青蒿素浓度在5～30 mg/L之间线性回归方程为y=2.20326×107x-30928.7,相关系数r=0.9990.本方法回收率为100 2%;相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.42%.     

2-(4-甲基苯基)-3-(N-乙酰基)-5-(2-羟基苯基)-1,3,4-噁唑啉的合成及与人血清白蛋白的相互作用

合成了2-(4-甲基苯基)-3-(N-乙酰基)-5-(2-羟基苯基)-1,3,4-噁唑啉(MPAHO),并用核磁共振波谱法和红外光谱法对其进行了表征。采用荧光光谱技术研究了MPAHO与人血清白蛋白(HSA)的相互作用。结果表明:MPAHO对HSA有较强的荧光猝灭作用,根据Stern-Volmer方程得到的荧光猝灭常数,可判断由于与MPAHO反应而导致HSA的荧光猝灭均属于静态猝灭。采用位点结合模型公式和Frster非辐射能量转移理论计算了结合常数、结合位点数、结合距离。从计算得到的热力学参数焓变ΔH和熵变ΔS,推断MPAHO与HSA之间的作用力为静电引力。并应用同步荧光光谱和三维荧光技术研究了MPAHO对HSA构象的影响。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定卷烟中的甘草酸

建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(HPLC-MS/MS)测定卷烟中甘草酸的分析方法。采用甲醇-5mmol/L醋酸铵水溶液(4∶1)为萃取溶剂,经Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse XDB-C18色谱柱(2.1 mm×150 mm,3.5μm)分离后,串联质谱多反应离子监测模式(MRM)检测,外标法定量。甘草酸在0.05~2.50 mg/L浓度范围内线性良好,相关系数大于0.999 4,方法的定量下限为4.8 mg/kg;回收率为89.1%~105.0%,日内、日间相对标准偏差(RSD)均不大于5%。     

6-氨基-5-氰基-3-甲基-4-(3-硝基苯)-1-苯基吡唑[3,4-b]并吡啶与人血清白蛋白结合作用的光谱特征

采用紫外光谱法和荧光光谱法研究了6-氨基-5-氰基-3-甲基-4-(3-硝基苯)-1-苯基吡唑[3,4-b]并吡啶(6A)与人血清白蛋白(HSA)的结合作用,利用同步荧光法和三维荧光法研究了6A与HSA作用前后人血清白蛋白的构象变化。观测到生理pH7.4条件下6A使HSA的紫外吸收峰增强,特征荧光峰猝灭。Stern-Volmer曲线显示,6A对HSA的荧光猝灭可能是一个单一的静态猝灭过程,并且得出18℃和37℃时的结合位点数和结合常数。根据F rster非辐射转移理论可求出6A与HSA作用距离r=3.73 nm;根据基本热力学参数ΔH、ΔS和ΔG判断6A和HSA主要通过氢键和范德华力发生相互作用。     

鼠脑组织中6-羟基-1-甲基-1,2,3,4-四氢-β-咔啉及其相关生物胺的高效液相色谱-电化学检测

建立了大鼠脑组织中6-羟基-1-甲基-1,2,3,4-四氢-β-咔啉(6-OH-MTHβC)、5-羟色胺(5-HT)和5-羟吲哚乙酸(5-HIAA)含量的高效液相色谱-库仑阵列电化学检测(HPLC-ECD)方法。采用的色谱柱为DiscoveryHS F5柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm),流动相为缓冲液（40 mmol/L柠檬酸+20 mmol/L磷酸氢二钠+0.3 mmol/L乙二胺四乙酸二钠,pH 4.0）-甲醇（体积比为78∶22）混合液,流速为1 mL/min。6-OH-MTHβC、5-HT、5-HIAA在1.0～500.0 μg/L范围内线性关系良好(r>0.9992),检出限分别为0.56,0.26,0.53 μg/L,日内和日间精密度(以相对标准偏差表示)均低于6.1%,回收率分别为87.1%～98.2%,87.0%～95.3%,90.1%～97.7%。用该方法检测新生7 d的SD胎鼠脑内6-OH-MTHβC及5-HT、5-HIAA的含量,发现SD胎鼠在急性酒精中毒8 h后6-OH-MTHβC显著上升(P<0.05);而5-HT和5-HIAA的含量有所下降,但无显著性差异。该法简便、稳定、灵敏度高,适用于测定鼠脑组织中6-OH-MTHβC和5-HT,5-HIAA含量的相关研究。     

高效液相色谱法测定α-萘乙酸

 采用高效液相色谱法 ,以HypersilC1 8( 4 6mmi d × 2 50mm ,5μm)为色谱柱 ,甲醇 水 磷酸 (体积比为 60∶40∶0 35,pH 3～ 4)为流动相 ,检测波长为 2 72nm ,测定了α 萘乙酸的质量分数。在 1 6mg/L～1 0 0 0mg/L时 ,质量浓度与峰面积线性关系良好 (r =0 9997) ,精密度RSD为 0 8% (n =5)。方法简便 ,准确。     

Study on the protein binding of ketoprofen using capillary electrophoresis frontal analysis compared with liquid chromatography frontal analysis

A method of capillary electrophoresis frontal analysis (CEFA) is developed for the first time to study the binding of ketoprofen to human serum albumin (HSA) and compared with high-performance liquid chromatography frontal analysis (LCFA). The separation is performed in an uncoated fused-silica capillary (60-cm x 75- micro m i.d., 50-cm effective length) with a phosphate buffer (pH 7.4, ionic strength of 0.17M) as the running buffer. The applied voltage is 13 kV and the detection is set at 254 nm. A trapezoidal peak of the unbound ketoprofen appears after HSA elution in the electropherogram. The plateau height of the peak is employed to determine the unbound concentration of ketoprofen in the HSA equilibrated sample solution. The CEFA method provides the advantages of small sample injection volume and rapidity and the disadvantage of low sensitivity compared with LCFA. CEFA is applicable to the binding parameter estimation of ketoprofen to the secondary binding site; an association constant (K(2)) of 0.24 x 10(6)M(-1) and the number for the binding site per molecule HSA of 2.54 is estimated. In contrast, LCFA measures parameters for both primary and secondary sites, which are 1.05 x 10(6)M(-1) and 0.94 for K(1) and n(1), respectively, and 0.12 x 10(6)M(-1) and 3.16 for K(2) and n(2), respectively. It is found that ketoprofen binds mainly at the primary site at a molecular ratio of ketoprofen versus HSA lower than 0.75, and the binding at the secondary site occurs at a higher ratio.     

Tudy on drug displacement interactions by capillary electrophoresis-frontal analysis

The interaction between 18-methyl norethindrone and ketoprofen, including the displacement of ketoprofen from human serum albumin binding sites, was investigated by the capillary electrophoresis-frontal analysis method (CE-FA) at room temperature. A very large sample plug was introduced hydrostatically into the capillary (65 cm × 50 μm i.d.; effective length of 35 cm) over 80 s at a height difference of 11 cm. The working conditions for CE-FA separation are as follows: operating voltage, 10 kV; running buffer, 67 mmol·L⁻¹ phosphate, pH 7.4. The unbound ketoprofen concentration was directly measured from the height of the frontal peak. When the concentration of 18-methyl norethindrone was increased from 0 to 200 μmol/L, the unbound ketoprofen concentration was found to increase from 22.4 to 26.4 μmol/L at 100 μmol/L total ketoprofen concentration and from 82.1 to 106.2 μmol/L at 200 μmol/L total ketoprofen concentration. From these data, it may be deduced that the administration of high concentration of 18-methyl norethindrone can displace ketoprofen from its secondary binding site. __________ Translated from Chinese Journal of Chromatography, 2005, 23(2)(in Chinese)     

碱性药物与人血清白蛋白结合参数的毛细管区带电泳/前沿分析

将毛细管区带电泳／前沿分析技术用于测定碱性药物ｖｅｒａｐａｍｉｌ（ＶＥＲ）和ｐｒｏｐｒａｎｏｌｏｌ（ＰＲＯ）与人血清白蛋白（ＨＳＡ）平衡体系中结合参数的研究。通过压力进样将药物白蛋白混合液引入石英毛细管电泳柱（３２ｃｍ×５０μｍｉ．ｄ．,聚丙烯酰胺涂渍柱）,在ｐＨ值为７．４、离子强度为０．１７的磷酸缓冲液及运行电压为１０ｋＶ的条件下,未结合的碱性药物的浓度可以通过电泳平台峰的高度定量,并且具有良好的线性关系（相关系数ｒ＝０．９９９）。     

Binding of the bioactive component daphnetin to human serum albumin demonstrated using tryptophan fluorescence quenching

Daphnetin (7,8-dihydroxycoumarin), one of the major bioactive components isolated from Daphne koreane Nakai, has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of coagulation disorders. It is also a chelator, an antioxidant and a protein kinase inhibitor. In this paper, a combination of intrinsic fluorescence, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and circular dichroic (CD) spectroscopy has been used to characterize the binding between daphnetin and human serum albumin (HSA) under physiological conditions with drug concentrations of 6.7 x 10(-6) - 2.3 x 10(-5) mol x L(-1), and a HSA concentration of 1.5 x 10(-6) mol x L(-1). Changes in the CD spectra and FT-IR spectra were observed upon ligand binding, and the degree of tryptophan fluorescence quenching did change significantly in the complexes. These data have proved the change in protein secondary structure accompanying ligand binding. The change in tryptophan fluorescence intensity was used to determine the binding constants. The thermodynamic parameters, the enthalpy change (DeltaH) and the entropy change (DeltaS) were calculated to be -12.45 kJ x mol(-1)and 52.48 J x mol(-1) x K(-1) according to the van't Hoff equation, which indicated that hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions played the main role in the binding of daphnetin to HSA, in accordance with the results of calculations performed on a Silicon Graphics Ocatane2 workstation. In addition, the binding distance between daphnetin and HSA was obtained (4.02 nm) based on the Forster energy transfer theory.     

噻螨酮与人血清白蛋白的作用机制

用分子对接方法及紫外-可见吸收光谱、同步荧光光谱、三维荧光光谱等实验手段研究了噻螨酮(HEX)与人血清白蛋白(HSA)的相互作用及对HSA构象的影响.预测结果表明,HEX能与HSA发生相互作用,且作用位点site II比site I的打分小约4.5.实验结果表明,HEX猝灭HSA的内源荧光且作用机制为静态猝灭;HEX使HSA周围的微环境发生变化,导致蛋白质的肽链结构改变;298和291 K时HEX与HSA相互作用的结合常数(KA)和结合位点数分别为7.35×103 mol/L、0.82和1.02×104 mol/L、0.86,证实HEX仅在site II存在作用位点;HEX与Trp214的结合距离为3.01 nm,作用力主要为氢键、范德华力和疏水作用力.这些研究所获得的多种信息有助于在分子水平上理解农药对人体造成的毒性及可能的生物累积性.     

人血清白蛋白与手性药物相互作用的毛细管电泳研究Ⅱ.药物对映体竞争结合参数的测定

 运用毛细管电泳（CE）技术,在对碱性药物Verapamil（VER）手性拆分的基础上对Verapamil与人血清白蛋白（HSA）平行体系进行了相互作用研究。通过定量HSA－VER体系中VER对映体的浓度,建立对映体对结合位点竞争的理论方程,获得了R和S型药物对映体与HSA的结合常数,其值分别为K（R）-VER=2．7×103×（±4．4×102）和K（S）-VER=8．5×102（±1.0×102）。实验证实,HSA具有手性选择性,与（R）－VER的结合强于与（S）-VER的结合,结合比随着HSA与（±）VER的浓度比而变化。     

Quenching effect of nickel ions on fluorescent gold nanoparticles

Herein, we reported the quenching effect of Ni(2+) on bovine serum albumin protected fluorescent gold nanoparticles (BSA-GNPs). The quenching mechanism was discussed and a static quenching mechanism was proposed. The number of binding sites (n), apparent stability constants (K) and corresponding thermodynamic parameters of BSA-GNPs-Ni(2+) complex were measured at different temperatures. Under optimum conditions, the fluorescence intensity of BSA-GNPs is linearly proportional to nickel concentration from 6.0x10(-8)mol/L to 8.0x10(-6)mol/L with a detection limit of 1.0x10(-8)mol/L. The result indicated that BSA-GNP was a potential Ni(2+) probe.     

Microdialysis-liquid chromatographic study on competitive binding of drugs to protein

A new method to determine the interaction between drug and protein has been developed by utilizing the technique of microdialysis sampling with the ketoprofen and the human serum albumin (HSA) as the model of drug and protein.Two kinds of binding sites of HSA to ketoprofen have been observed.The binding constants and number of binding sites obtained by the Scatchard equation are 0.799,3.18×106 mol-1 L and 2.15,2.01×105 mol-1 L,respectively The displacement binding of drugs to HSA has also been studied.The strong displacement of competitive binding of ibuprofen with ketoprofen to HSA was observed,which means that the primary binding site of HSA to ketoprofen and that to ibuprofen are the same.However,only a weaker displacement of warfarin for the association of ketoprofen with HSA was observed,which may suggest that the primary binding site of HSA to ketoprofen is different from that to warfarin.Such a displacement effect for competitive binding of drugs to HSA was explained by the displacement model i