扇形截面杆扭转的应力分析

柱体扭转的基本方程为非齐次偏微分方程,在极坐标系下,利用分离变量法及傅立叶级数展开法,求出了扭转应力函数,进一步即可计算出扇形截面杆在外力偶作用下,扭转角和横截面上剪应力的精确解答。这种方法为精确解法,在各种机械及其他工程设备中,对受扭转作用的扇形截面杆设计,有一定实用价值。     

Double-moment of spacial curved bars with closed thin-wall cross-section

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线弹性幂强化材料平面杆系弹塑性分析的数值解

各杆任意铰接在一个刚体上的平面杆系是一种比较复杂的杆系结构,某些其它类型的平面杆系常常可以看作是它的特例。本文将材料的本构关系描述为线性幂强化形式,推导出了该类平面杆系结构弹塑性分析的普遍表达式,编制了通用程序,使这一类问题有了一个通用的解题方法。     

A polymeric split Hopkinson pressure bar instrumented with velocity gages

Polymeric split Hopkinson pressure bars are often used to test low-impedance materials at elevated strain rates. However, they tend to be viscoelastic, and a viscoelastic wave propagation model is required to analyze the data. This considerably complicates the analysis over the more common linear elastic split Hopkinson bar. In this research, a polymeric split Hopkinson bar is instrumented with electromagnetic velocity gages. The gages are placed at the interfaces between the bars and the specimen. By using this arrangement, viscoelastic effects in the bars are negligible and the need for a viscoelastic correction is eliminated. The method is applied by testing low-density foams.     

随机连续梁弯曲振动系统的频率可靠性分析

根据随机连续梁弯曲振动系统的固有频率与激振频率差的绝对值不超过规定值的关系准则,定义了随机连续梁弯曲振动系统的可靠性模式和系统的可靠度,提出了避免共振的频率可靠性分析方法,对随机连续系统共振问题的准失效分析方法进行了探索。     

Energy transmission by stress waves in prismatical bars

This paper deals with energy transmission by stress waves in prismatical bars and its possible application in high-speed printers. Theory is reviewed briefly for straight bars, and energy losses caused by cross-sectional impedance mismatch and length mismatch are calculated. In order to check the theory, experiments were conducted on straight bars with theoretically perfect impedance match. In the absence of a theory for curved bars, some experiments were conducted which indicate the possibility of energy transfer with acceptable efficiency.     

三峡永久船闸衬砌墙分水平缝对结构及结构锚杆受力影响研究

采用考虑三维接触非线性的结构温度徐变仿真计算方法, 针对三峡永久船闸 (全衬式和混合式)闸室墙整体和分缝两种结构形式进行了计算分析, 研究表明:闸室墙分水平缝可以有效地降低全衬式和混合式结构混凝土铅直向拉应力, 但使最大锚杆拉应力值和平均锚杆拉应力值增加, 分布的离散性增大, 在横缝和纵缝交点附近出现锚杆拉应力集中现象。     

The initial values method for buckling of nonlocal bars with application in nanotechnology

In this work, the buckling of a bar is investigated by using the method of initial values within the framework of nonlocal elasticity. The principal matrix required for the applicability of the method of initial values is presented. The critical loads for bars with various kind of supports are found. As is well known that nanotechnology is the engineering of functional systems at the molecular scale. Carbon nanotubes are molecular-scale tubes which are figured as hollow cylindrical bars of graphitic carbon at molecular scale with outstanding properties. They are among the stiffest and strongest fibers known, and have remarkable electronic properties and many other unique characteristics. They are widely used in nanotechnological applications. The results are used to display that nonlocal effects could be significant in buckling of carbon nanotubes.     

A modified stiffness spreading method for layout optimization of truss structures

The stiffness spreading method (SSM) was initially proposed for layout optimization of truss structures, in which an artificial elastic material of low modulus is uniformly distributed in the design domain to create connections between discrete members. In this paper, a modified stiffness spreading method is proposed by replacing the artificial elastic material with auxiliary bars to connect real members of the truss structure. Since the background continuum mesh for the elastic material is no longer required, the computational cost is significantly reduced. Like SSM, the new method is advantageous in that an initial design may consist of disconnected bars allocated in the design domain, and mathematical programming methods can be applied for the efficient solution of the formulated optimization problem. A number of solution strategies are also developed to achieve more practical designs with lower computational cost. Numerical examples of both 2-D and 3-D truss structures are presented to demonstrate the feasibility, robustness and effectiveness of the proposed method.     

钢筋混凝土结构改进型分离式数值模型

提出一种考虑粘结滑移效应的钢筋混凝土改进型分离式数值模型。在混合物理论基础上,该模型兼顾混凝土基体和钢筋的力学行为,且基于钢筋混凝土界面粘结滑移模型,获得了钢筋等效模型。改进型分离式数值模型由于对钢筋及其界面无显式离散要求,使得钢筋的运用完全独立于其几何形状,同时对混凝土网格没有约束,并且不增加计算成本,因此该模型可适用于钢筋混凝土宏观结构层面分析。通过钢筋混凝土构件-结构的爆炸实验,对改进型分离式数值模型进行层次化验证。对比结果表明,考虑粘结滑移效应的有限元模型能够更好地预测钢筋混凝土结构的宏观力学行为。     

Equilibrium of an elastic body pierced by horizontal thin elastic bars

A simple mathematical model of a structure consisting of a three-dimensional body and rigid carrying bars is proposed. The estimated characteristics are the deflections of the bars, their reactions averaged over the sections, and the subsidence parameters of the body. The problem formulated on the basis of asymptotic analysis comprises the bending equations of the bars, the equations of equilibrium of the body, and a relation between the reactions and the deflections of the bars. In this problem, in addition to the moment of inertia, another cross-sectional characteristic, namely, the outer conformal radius, is involved. The method of solving the problem and the ways of its generalization are discussed. Makarov State Marine Academy, St. Petersburg 199026. Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika i Tekhnicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 40, No. 4, pp. 236–242, July–August, 1999.     

Optimal placement of piezoelectric active bars in vibration control by topological optimization

A continuous variable optimization method and a topological optimization method are proposed for the vibration control of piezoelectric truss structures by means of the optimal placements of active bars. In this optimization model, a zero-one discrete variable is defined in order to solve the optimal placement of piezoelectric active bars. At the same time, the feedback gains are also optimized as continuous design variables. A two-phase procedure is proposed to solve the optimization problem. The sequential linear programming algorithm is used to solve optimization problem and the sensitivity analysis is carried out for objective and constraint functions to make linear approximations. On the basis of the Newmark time integration of structural transient dynamic responses, a new sensitivity analysis method is developed in this paper for the vibration control problem of piezoelectric truss structures with respect to various kinds of design variables. Numerical examples are given in the paper to demonstrate the effectiveness of the methods.     

A complete three-dimensional finite element analysis of the bar-bar tensile impact apparatus

A complete three-dimensional FEM model of the Bar-Bar Tensile Impact Apparatus (BTIA) is constructed, in which the slots in the bars and the glue layers between the bars and the flat-shaped specimen are included. For elastic-plastic specimen material, Ly12cz aluminum alloy, the process of tensile impact experiments is simulated and the matching relation between the specimen geometry and the bars is investigated. Based on the FEM analysis, an iterative method is proposed to design a reasonable specimen geometry for obtaining the true dynamic stress-strain relation for a certain specimen material. The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (19272061)     

非线弹性平面杆系的应力应变分析

以指数函数近似表示非线弹性材料的应力－应交关系,推导出了非线弹性材料平面杆系结构应力应变计算的普遍表达式,编制了通用程序,使这一类问题有了一个通用的解题方法．     

The asymptotic properties of high frequencies for bars,beams and membranes

In this paper, a uniform analysis of the asymptotic properties of high frequencies of non-uniform bars, beams and circular membranes is given by using perturbation method, and the case of discontinuous physical parameters is also discussed.     

Eigenvibrations of curved elastic bars according to the „Method of internal constraints“

Conclusions In the present paper it has been shown how it is possible to discuss the problem of vibrations of curved bars once that the solution of the corresponding problem for the straight bar is known. The method of approach in deriving the equations of motion being completely contained in the constraint equation (5) and in the application of Hamilton Principle, while the method of solving the equations being based on a perturbation method which utilizes as first approximation the solution of the straight case.More general dynamic problems of elongated solids in which the inertia characteristics of the cross-section of the bar are known functions of the variable x can be attacked and solved by the same method which has so far been demonstrated for the simple cases of bars having constant inertia characteristics.The material in the paper is based on an investigation, conducted at the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, under the sponsorship of the Office of Ordnance Research, Contract No. DA-30-115-ORD-709. Project No. 454.13.     

Torsion of composite laminated bars with a large number of layers

I.IntroductionInmodernengineeringstructures,compositelaminatememberswiththickcross-sectionhavebeenextensivelyusedforundergoinghighload/presurcandanti-detonating.Duetotheinherentinbomogencousandanisotropicofmaterialsand3-Dconstructionalfeatures,classicallaminatetheoriesincludinghighorderplatetheory)areinadequate.Therefore,anewchallengetodevelopthicklaminatetheoriesisraised.ItisextremelydifficultandexDensiveforelementsdiscretizationinanalysisofstressesbyFEMI'j,becausethicklaminatesconsistofhu…     

质量对结构优化理性准则法计算结果的影响研究

在结构优化中,质量作为设计资源能改善结构性能,但质量会引起自重与惯性载荷等问题,因而质量还会导致结构性能劣化。虚功准则方程组忽略了载荷对设计变量的导数,不能考虑质量导致结构性能劣化的一面。对于航空航天器、高速运行的车辆、机械和高精度天线等以自重和惯性载荷为主的工程结构,这种忽略导致虚功法得到的解与最优解相差甚远。导重法是严密推导的理性准则法,克服了虚功法准则不准的缺陷,优化效果较虚功法大幅提高。但对于考虑自重载荷的三杆、五杆桁架等简单结构优化问题,虚功法也可以得到与导重法相同的最优解计算结果,从拉格朗日条件出发解释该问题,给出考虑载荷对设计变量的导数时虚功法也可求得最优解的条件,这对于结构理性准则法及其工程应用的深入研究均具有重要理论与实践意义。     

Influence of the cross-sectional shape of tensile bars on their creep rupture strength in a corrosive medium

The creep rupture strength of tensile bars in a corrosive medium is studied. The time to failure of the bars is analyzed as a function of their cross-sectional shape. It is shown that the influence of the corrosive medium on the creep rupture strength of the bars is determined by the diffusion of its elements into the bar material, resulting in a decrease in its creep rupture strength. The diffusion of the corrosive medium into a bar is studied using an approximate method for solving the diffusion equation taking into account the motion of the diffusion front. Bars with different cross-sectional shapes are considered using Rabotnov kinetic theory. It is shown that at the same tensile stress, the bar with a circular cross-section has minimum time to failure.     

一种桁架结构损伤识别的柔度阵法

利用试验获得的一阶模态参数,提出了一种桁架结构损伤识别的柔度阵法,应用有限元方法柔度阵,建立结构振动特征方程,结构损伤后,引起柔度阵发生改变,从结构振动特征方程出发,对柔度矩阵做关于结构物理参数变化量的一阶泰勒展开,可以确定结构物理参数的变化量,识别结构损伤部位及损伤程度,通过一个桁架结构损伤识别的数值模拟证明了该方法的有效性。