Bi2Sr2Ca1-xPrxCu2Oy和Bi2Sr2Ca1-xYxCu2Oy系列单晶样品输运性质的对照研究

测量了Bi2Sr2Ca1-xPrxCu2Oy(x的范围从0到0.5)和Bi2Sr2Ca1-xYxCu2Oy(x的范围从0到0.41)系列单晶样品的ab平面电阻率ρab(T).两个体系都表现出独特的掺杂效应.对掺Pr系列,超导转变温度Tc随掺杂量的增加逐渐降低,同时剩余电阻率却大幅度增加.在Pr含量达到约0.5时,体系出现了超导-绝缘体转变.对掺Y系列,观测到在某温度T*处ρab(T)偏离了对温度的线性关系,这是赝能隙打开的典型表现.t*随Y含量的增加而增加,而Tc则被迅速压制.我们预期Pr的反常磁性和掺Pr系列未观察到赝能隙有关.     

Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ单晶超导临界温度的各向异性

研究了具有不同氧含量的Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 δ单晶超导临界温度的各向异性,通过测量沿ab面和c轴的电阻率发现,在轻欠掺杂到过掺杂区域,单晶沿ab面和c轴的Tc值是比较接近的,但在重欠掺杂区,沿ab面的Tc值比c轴的Tc明显高,从平衡态的相位涨落模型可以得到,由于涨落效应对 c轴的临界电流密度的压制作用比对ab面的要强,导致了Tc的各向异性,但这种模型无法解释重欠掺杂超导体中ab面和c轴的Tc如此大的差别,我们认为重欠掺杂超导体中的相位涨落行为不同于其他掺杂超导体中的行为,实验和理论上都值得进一步深入研究。     

不同氧含量Bi2Sr2CaCu2O８+δ单晶电阻率的各向异性

精确测量了在不同氧压下退火的单晶Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O_8+δ(Bi2212)样品的Cu-O面内和Cu-O面外的电阻率ρ_c(T)和ρ_ab(T).发现ρ_c(T)和各向异性比(ρ_c(T)/ρ_ab(T))随着载流子浓度增加而迅速下降.在过掺杂样品中,高于120K时,ρ_c随温度线性下降,而各向异性 关键词：     

Gd掺杂对Bi2Sr2Ca1—xGdxCu2Oy单晶载流子浓度和各向异性电阻率？…

系统地研究了Ｇｄ掺杂对Ｂｉ２Ｓｒ２Ｃａ１－ｘＧｄｘＣｕ２Ｏｙ单晶超导电性及各向异性电阻率的影响。Ｔｃ满足Ｔｃ／Ｔｃ,ｍａｘ＝１－８２．６（ａｘ＋ｂ）＾２,并随Ｇｄ含量的增加而下降,这是由于Ｇｄ掺杂引起载流子浓度减小所导致。在ｘ≥０．１９时,ρａｂ（Ｔ）在Ｔｃ随近有类半导体行为,ｄρａｂ／ｄＴ随Ｇｄ含量的增大而增大。ρｃ（Ｔ）呈半导体行为,并可用唯象公式ρｃ（Ｔ）＝（ａ／Ｔ）ｅｘｐ（△／Ｔ）＋ｂＴ＋     

La2-xSrxCuO4体系正常态的低温反常输运与载流子的局域化

对La2-xSrxCuO4系列(x=0.06～0.20)样品的电阻率和霍尔系数等输运特性进行了系统研究.电阻率随温度变化的实验结果表明,对低掺杂样品,在正常态区域(T＞Tc),随Sr掺杂量的增加,各样品在低温区超导转变温度附近均发生了金属-绝缘体转变,且转变温度TMl随掺杂量的增加逐渐降低;对于最佳掺杂样品,其金属-绝缘体转变行为变得非常不明显,到x=0.18时完全消失.对正常态样品的霍尔系数而言,随温度的降低逐渐增大,且随Sr掺杂量的增加显示减小.表明载流子浓度随掺杂量的增加而增加.在低掺杂时,接近Tc的温区内霍尔系数RH迅速增大,随着掺杂量的增加Tc附近霍尔系数的增大变缓.霍尔系数在Tc附近的增大,表明低温区载流子浓度减少.电阻率和霍尔系数在低温区电输运的这种反常行为可从载流子的局域化角度给予初步解释.     

La1-x／2Pr1-x／2SrxCuO4的电输运性质和超导电性

La1-x/2Pr1-x/2SrxCuOy(LPSCO)多晶样品采用传统的固相反应法制备.X射线衍射表明:LPSCO具有典型的空穴搀杂的T-214相的结构.磁化率测量显示:Sr搀杂在0.05≤x≤0.30范围内具有超导转变;Tc随x的增大呈抛物线形式变化,且在x=0.18时达到最大值28K.电阻的测量显示:随搀杂量的增大,系统呈现从绝缘到半导体,最后到金属的导电行为的变化;在欠掺杂区,正常态电阻温度关系符合ρ(T)=ρ0 αT-ClnT;而在过掺杂区,对数项消失.本文从替代所引起的晶体结构和载流子特性变化解释了Sr掺杂样品的电输运行为和超导特性.     

电子型超导体Gd掺杂的输运性质研究

在CuO_2平面以外的阳离子格点通过改变Gd含量引入了无序.研究了Nd_(1.85-x)Gd_xCe_(0.15)CuO_4单晶的电阻率ρ、霍耳系数R_H和热电势S.霍耳系数R_H的测量证明这种名义掺杂的改变并没有明显改变载流子的密度.热电势S(T)在120 K以上可用一个掺杂的半经验模型来分析,结果表明存在电子的窄能带和宽能带的共存.无论是电子态密度的带宽和有效电导率的带宽都随着x增加,而局域化的趋势随Gd掺杂增加明显增强.Gd掺杂对超导转变温度T_C的抑制作用很显著.在二维剩余电阻率ρ02D增加超过临界值h/4e~2时没有发生超导-绝缘体转变,观察到的却是超导和局域化的共存效应.量子干涉效应不可以定性地解释Gd掺杂对于电子型超导体的超导转变温度T_c的抑制.     

不同基片温度下溅射的Nb_3Ge膜性能的研究

本工作研究了仅改变基片温度而其它条件不变的溅射Nb_3Ge膜的性能.通过对样品的Tc、H_(c2)(T)、R(T)的测量,给出在一定条件下基片温度与溅射Nb_3Ge膜的Tc及H_(C2)(0)的关系.发现:存在一生成高Tc、高H_(c2)(0) Nb_3Ge薄膜的最佳温区(800—810℃);△Tc随磁场增加而展宽;溅射Nb_3Ge膜的电阻率ρ(T)在Tc(?)T<65K温区中服从:ρ(T)=α bT~2规律,且与基片温度无关.     

Bi-2Sr-2CuO-y单晶正常态的电子输运

测量了不同Bi-(2)Sr-(2)CuO-(7)单晶样品ab平面内电阻ρ-(ab)随温度的变化关系.对于处在掺杂不足区域的样品,没有观察到类似于YBa-2Cu-4O-8,YBa-2Cu-3O-(r-y)体系由于自旋能隙的出现而引起的电阻率的突然加快减小现象.我们对实验结果进行了讨论. 关键词：     

C、Cu掺杂对MgB_2超导电性的影响

本文利用固相烧结法制备了一系列碳(C)、铜(Cu)掺杂的二硼化镁(MgB2)样品,并对样品进行细致的分析.X射线衍射图表明随着C掺杂量的增加c轴方向晶格常数几乎不变,a轴方向晶格常数略有减小,c/a随C掺杂量的增加逐渐增大,由此估算出了C的实际替代量,推测出此条件下C在MgB2中溶解度在12.5%和15%之间.电阻随温度变化关系(R～T)表明在Cu的掺杂量确定时,转变温度(Tc)随C的掺杂量的增大而降低。     

Magnetic ordering in HoRu2Si2, HoRh2Si2, TbRh2Si2 and TbIr2Si2 by neutron diffraction

Neutron diffraction study of polycrystalline HoRu₂Si₂, HoRh₂Si₂, TbRh₂Si₂, and TbIr₂Si₂ was performed in the temperature range between 4.2 and 300 K. For HoRu₂Si₂ the magnetic spin alignment of a linear transverse wave mode below the Néel temperature 19 K is observed. This static moment wave is propagating along the b-axis with k=(0, 0.2, 0) and is polarized in the c-axis. The root-mean-square and maximum saturation moments per Ho atom are 9.26 and 13.09μ_B, respectively. HoRh₂Si₂, TbRh₂Si₂ an TbIr₂Si₂ are simple collinear antiferromagnets of +-+- type with Néel temperatures of (27±1), (98±2) and (72±3) K, respectively. For TbRh₂Si₂ and TbIr₂Si₂ magnetic moments are localized on RE ions only and are aligned along the tetragonal axis, while for HoRh₂Si₂ they form an angle ø = (28±3)°.     

μ+SR study of LaNi2As2, URh2Si2 and CeRh2Si2

Muon spin relaxation experiments have been carried out in the paramagnetic and magnetically ordered states of URh₂Si₂ and CeRh₂Si₂. As the magnetic structure of these compounds is well known, these measurements can help to characterise their magnetic properties probed by μSR and to understand the μSR results of the heavy fermion compounds of the same crystallographic family. Our measurements show that the muons occupy two different crystallographic sites. The spectra of URh₂Si₂ and CeRh₂Si₂ in the magnetically ordered states are very different, probably reflecting their different magnetic structures. The spectra obtained on CeRh₂Si₂ are similar to the published spectra of the heavy fermion compound CeCu_2.1 Si₂. Muon spin rotation measurements on LaNi₂As₂ indicate that the muon is diffusing at 150 K.     

13C-selective IRMPD of CBr2F2/Cl2 and CCl2F2/Br2 systems

The CO₂ TEA laser irradiation of CBr₂F₂ in the presence of Cl₂ yielded ¹³C-enriched CBrClF₂ and ¹³C-enriched CCl₂F₂ under selected experimental conditions. As the photolysis proceeded, the ¹³C concentration of CBrClF₂ decreased gradually and that of CCl₂F₂ increased up to 90% or higher. These results can be explained by the mechanism involving the secondary ¹³C-selective IRMPD of the primary product CBrClF₂. On the other hand, the carbon-containing product for a CCl₂F₂/Br₂ system was only CBrClF₂; the further IRMPD of which probably regenerated CBrClF₂ in the presence of Br₂. The decomposition probabilities of ¹²C- and ¹³C-containing molecules in both systems were measured as functions of laser line, laser fluence, and reactant pressures.     

Superconductivity in LaPd_2Bi_2 with CaBe_2Ge_2-type structure

正Since the discovery of superconductivity in LaFeAsO_(1-x)F_x,the high-T_c iron-based superconductors have been extensively studied from both experimental and theoretical viewpoints [1-8]. However, the mechanism of the unconventional superconductivity is still to be resolved. To     

Polar optic phonons in Hg2Cl2 and Hg2Br2

Far infrared (30–430 cm^?1) reflectivity measurements of Hg₂Cl₂ and Hg₂Br₂ single crystals have been performed in polarized light. The spectra, which are in agreement with group-theoretical predictions, were analyzed by the oscillator fitting procedure and Kramers-Kronig method. The results are compared with the existing data from other measurements and the large anisotropy of polar modes is briefly discussed. The polarization vectors of all long-wavelength symmetry modes were determined group-theoretically.     

Magnetostriction of SmMn2Ge2 and GdMn2Ge2 intermetallic compounds

Longitudinal and transverse magnetostrictions of polycrystalline samples of intermetallic compounds RMn₂Ge₂ (R=Sm or Gd) are measured in pulsed magnetic fields up to 250 kOe. It is found that linear magnetostrictive strains of about 10^?3 arise in a temperature range in which the magnetic field causes a change in the magnetic state of a manganese magnetic subsystem. The results obtained are described within the model of a two-sublattice ferrimagnet with a negative exchange interaction in the manganese subsystem in terms of a strong dependence of this interaction on interatomic distances.     

Structural,magnetic and neutron diffraction studies on TbFe2-TbAl2, TbCo2-TbAl2 and HoCo2-HoAl2

Both pseudobinary systems exhibit large homogeneous regions of cubic and hexagonal Laves phases. Ordering tendencies on crystallographic sites between Al and the transition metals are observed in the hexagonal type.Electron transfer to the transition metals quenches their moments so that they become nonmagnetic at high Al concentrations. The peculiarities in the mechanism of magnetization which appear in rare earth dialuminides when Al is replaced by a transition metal have been studied in detail at cryogenic temperatures.The first replacement of Al results in a decrease in saturation moment. Neutron diffraction verifies the low ordered rare earth sublattice moments and reveals the ‘lost part’ as a disordered component. Considerable magnetic hardness develops in certain regions of concentration often connected with spontaneous increases in magnetization with field. All available evidence suggests the presence of unusual domain wall effects to be responsible for this effect. High remanences develop in both the hexagonal and in the cubic structures in the intermediate region. The development of disordered magnetic components is connected either with the disorder on crystallographic sites or changes in the free electron concentration.