Ag/NH2-MIL-125(Ti)的构建及可见光还原水中Cr(Ⅵ)

开发高效、稳定的复合光催化材料是当前环境领域的迫切需求。 本文采用溶剂热协同紫外光还原法成功制备了复合光催化材料Ag/NH₂-MIL-125(Ti),并通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱(EDS)、紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)及X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等技术手段对其形貌、结构及光学性质进行分析,考察了Ag/NH₂-MIL-125(Ti)可见光(λ≥420 nm)催化还原Cr(Ⅵ)的性能,并优化了催化剂用量、Cr(Ⅵ)浓度、空穴捕捉剂种类及用量等条件。 结果表明,在最佳条件下,Ag/NH₂-MIL-125(Ti)具有良好的吸附及光催化还原Cr(Ⅵ)性能,其吸附及光催化还原率是NH₂-MIL-125(Ti)的3.11倍,Ag/NH₂-MIL-125(Ti)特殊的“芝麻饼”形貌以及Ag⁰与NH₂-MIL-125(Ti)之间形成的异质结有助于增强复合材料的光催化还原Cr(Ⅵ)的性能。 同时,通过条件实验,提出了光催化还原过程中主要的活性物种以及Cr(Ⅵ) 的还原机理。 本研究将为金属有机骨架(MOFs)复合材料在可见光催化环境修复领域的应用提供理论依据和实验参考。     

玻璃球负载非晶态有机钛聚合物提高光催化还原CO2的转换频率

化学蚀刻玻璃球,表面产生纳米孔缝,再通过溶剂热法在孔缝内制备了非晶态有机钛聚合物。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）、电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱（ICP-AES）、紫外-可见漫反射光谱（UV-Vis）、荧光光谱（PL）、有机元素分析（OEA）、紫外光电子能谱（UPS）和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）等表征了材料的结构及光电性能。结果表明,负载的非晶态有机钛聚合物对可见光有明显的吸收,且荧光强度较NH₂-MIL-125（Ti）大幅度降低,光生电子-空穴对更加稳定。玻璃球负载的非晶态有机钛聚合物为催化剂,300 W氙灯为光源催化还原CO₂,反应4 h后,甲醇的产量达941.6 μmol,相应的转换频率（TOF）值为46.4 h^-1。使用具有相同有机配体及金属离子的NH₂-MIL-125（Ti）及P25为对比催化剂,在相同的光催化条件下,其相应的TOF分别为0.28和0.019 h^-1。催化剂热处理实验表明玻璃球载体对有机钛聚合物的化学稳定性有明显的保护作用,经过300 ℃处理,负载的有机钛聚合物光催化性能仍然稳定,而NH₂-MIL-125（Ti）的光催化活性衰减了54%,这是由于其化学结构及晶体结构被破坏。     

MIL-53系列金属有机骨架化合物的合成及在Strecker反应中的催化性能

通过改变金属中心和配体官能团，合成了4个MIL-53系列金属有机骨架化合物NH₂-MIL-53（Sc），NH₂-MIL-53（Al），MIL-53（Sc）和NO₂-MIL-53（Sc）；研究了它们在合成α-氨基腈的Strecker反应中的催化性能.结果表明，NH₂-MIL-53（Sc）对于Strecker反应具有优异的催化性能，并具有可重复使用性.通过对比NH₂-MIL-53（Sc）和NH₂-MIL-53（Al）的催化性能，分析了金属离子半径和金属中心不饱和配位点对Strecker反应的影响.通过对比NH₂-MIL-53（Sc）与MIL-53（Sc）的催化性能，证明了作为路易斯碱中心的氨基可通过与路易斯酸中心的协同作用，有效促进Strecker反应的进行.通过对比NO₂-MIL-53（Sc）与MIL-53（Sc）的催化性能，认为催化剂结构上的硝基对于Strecker反应的进行具有重要影响.最后，通过对比NH₂-MIL-53（Sc）、硝酸钪和2-氨基对苯二甲酸（ATA）配体对催化性能的影响，总结出催化剂在纳米尺度的孔道结构是提高Strecker反应选择性的关键因素.     

基于Fe(Ⅲ)-2-氨基对苯二甲酸金属有机框架的免标记氯霉素电化学传感器的构建及应用

快速、简便的氯霉素(CAP)传感检测技术在食品安全和环境监测等领域具有良好的应用前景。本研究以FeCl₃·6H₂O和2-氨基对苯二甲酸(2-ATPA)为原料，采用水热合成法成功制备了金属有机框架(MOF)材料NH₂-MIL-88(Fe)，并利用2-ATPA配体上的氨基，将其共价固定在羧基化的玻碳电极表面；进一步利用磷酸基团(-PO₄^3–)与铁离子(Fe(Ⅲ))之间的强配位作用，将5′-PO₄^3–修饰的CAP核酸适配体(C-Apt)直接自组装到NH₂-MIL-88(Fe)修饰电极表面，无需额外交联剂和预活化过程，构建了一种新型C-Apt电化学传感界面。电化学实验结果表明，基于NH₂-MIL-88(Fe)的类过氧化物酶活性，NH₂-MIL-88(Fe)修饰电极对H₂O₂/3,3′,5,5′-四甲基联苯胺(TMB)表现出明显的电催化...     

石墨烯量子点/铁基金属-有机骨架复合材料高效光催化二氧化碳还原※

利用可见光将二氧化碳光还原为有用的化学品是一项有前景但充满挑战的工作. 金属有机骨架(MOFs)作为一种新兴的具高孔隙率、高比表面积、强吸附富集CO₂能力、结构和功能可调的多孔材料, 在光催化二氧化碳还原反应中具有极强的应用潜力. 但大多数金属有机骨架材料存在可见光吸收范围窄、光生载流子快速复合等问题, 导致催化二氧化碳还原活性仍然较低. 通过静电自组装策略将纳米级胺基化金属有机骨架材料(NH₂-MIL-88B(Fe))和羧酸化石墨烯量子点(GQD)通过静电作用结合, 得到GQD/NH₂-MIL-88B(Fe)复合材料. 该复合催化剂有效结合了金属有机骨架强二氧化碳吸附富集能力和GQD的可见光吸收范围宽、电子传导能力强等优点, 因此与纯金属有机骨架材料NH₂- MIL-88B(Fe)相比较, 该复合材料能高效光催化还原CO₂为CO, 并在10 h可见光下活性高达590 μmol/g, 约为NH₂-MIL-88B(Fe)活性的四倍. 这项工作为制备高活性催化CO₂的金属有机骨架复合材料提供了借鉴.     

自支撑NH2-MIL-125/聚噁二唑复合正渗透膜的制备及性能

合成了高强度亲水性含羧基聚噁二唑材料(POD-COOH)和含氨基金属有机框架材料(NH₂-MIL-125), 以NH₂-MIL-125为填料, 与POD-COOH基体材料进行溶液共混, 并通过溶液浇铸法制备系列新型自支撑复合正渗透膜, 研究NH₂-MIL-125的引入对复合正渗透膜结构和性能的影响. 研究结果表明, 所制备的系列复合正渗透膜均呈致密结构, 且随着NH₂-MIL-125含量的增加, 复合膜的表面亲水性增加、 电负性增强, 并保持良好的机械性能. 以去离子水为进料液, 1.5 mol/L硫酸钠溶液为汲取液, 对上述自支撑复合膜进行正渗透性能测试, 发现由于消除了传统正渗透膜支撑层的内浓差极化现象, 该新型复合正渗透膜在分离过程中具有优异的正渗透性能.     

具有分级纳米结构的In2S3/CdIn2S4在可见光下催化苯甲胺的氧化偶联反应

采用以太阳光为能源、半导体材料为催化剂的催化体系将胺类化合物转化为相应的亚胺类化合物的方法是一种理想的有机合成手段.为了探索这类反应更温和的反应条件及更清晰的反应机理，本工作以NH₂-MIL-68（In）和硫脲为前驱体制备了In₂S₃分级纳米管，并进一步采用热离子交换的方法制备了In₂S₃/CdIn₂S₄纳米管复合材料.采用粉末X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、高分辨透射电子显微镜（HRTEM）、紫外-可见漫反射光谱（UV-vis DRS）、荧光光谱（PL）和电化学阻抗谱（EIS）等分析手段对催化剂的结构、形貌、光电性质等进行了表征.实验结果显示，In₂S₃和CdIn₂S₄间有效异质结降低了In₂S₃/CdIn₂S₄复合材料的光生载流子的复合效率，使In₂S₃/CdIn₂S₄具有较高的催化活性.催化剂的活性测试实验结果证明，In₂S₃和CdIn₂S₄间有效异质结和分级结构间的协同作用使In₂S₃/CdIn₂S₄纳米复合材料可作为一种有效的光催化剂催化氧化苯甲胺的偶联反应.活性物种捕获实验证明该反应是由光生空穴（h⁺）引发的.此外，此研究发现苯甲胺的氧化偶联反应同时可以在氧气或氮气条件下发生，打破了该反应必须要有氧气参与的束缚，拓展了苯甲胺氧化偶联反应的适用范围.循环实验结果显示，催化剂可循环使用五次，证明该催化剂具有较好的稳定性.     

镶嵌于NH2-MIL-125 (Ti)衍生氮掺多孔碳中的花状超细纳米TiO2作为高活性和稳定性的锂离子电池负极材料

由于具有高安全性和优异的循环稳定性,二氧化钛(TiO₂)作为负极材料被广泛地应用于锂离子电池领域。但是较差的导电性和离子传输速率限制了TiO₂的进一步应用和发展。鉴于此,我们以花状NH₂-MIL-125 (Ti)为前驱体和硬模板,成功合成出了具有花状结构的超细纳米TiO₂/多孔氮掺杂碳片(N-doped porous carbon)复合物(记为FL-TiO₂/NPC)。过程中所制备的纳米TiO₂-金属有机构架(Ti-MOF)展现出由二维褶皱多孔纳米片堆积、组装而成的花状结构。一方面,二维褶皱纳米片包含TiO₂纳米颗粒可以增大活性物质与电解液的接触面积;另一方面,氮掺杂多孔碳基体可以提高整体复合物的导电性和结构完整性。将所获得的FL-TiO₂/NPC作为负极组装成的锂半电池, 在0.5 A·g^-1、300圈后仍有384.2 mAh·g^-1以及在1 A·g^-1、500圈仍有279.1 mAh·g^-1的比容量。进一步性能测试表明,在2 A·g^-1、2000圈长循环测试后,其仍能保持256.5 mAh·g^-1的比容量和接近100%的库伦效率。该优异的电化学活性和稳定性主要起源于材料独特的花状结构。我们的合成策略为今后制备高储锂性能的金属氧化物/多孔氮掺杂碳负极提供了一种新的思路。     

Bi2Ti2O7/TiO2复合纤维：原位水热合成及光催化性能

采用静电纺丝技术制备的TiO2纤维作为模板和反应物,通过原位水热合成了具有异质结构的Bi2Ti2O7/TiO2复合纤维。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能量散射光谱(EDS)、高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)和紫外可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)等分析测试手段对样品的结构和形貌进行表征。以罗丹明B为模拟有机污染物进行光催化降解实验。结果表明:花状Bi2Ti2O7纳米结构均匀地生长在TiO2纤维上,制备了Bi2Ti2O7与TiO2相复合的光催化材料,其光谱响应范围拓宽至可见光区,与纯TiO2纤维相比可见光催化活性显著提高,且易于分离、回收和循环使用。初步探讨了Bi2Ti2O7/TiO2异质结的生长机制和光催化活性提高机理。     

一步法构筑离子液体功能化MOF材料用于常压催化CO2环加成反应

采用原位组装法将羧基离子液体1-丙酸-3-甲基咪唑氯（CFIL）一步固载到一种金属有机框架（MOF）材料NH₂-MIL-101上,制备了具有多重活性位点的非均相催化剂NH₂-FMOF-CFIL,对其在CO₂和环氧氯丙烷的（ECH）环加成反应中的催化性能进行了研究。傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）和元素分析结果证实离子液体CFIL引入到MOF材料中,粉末X射线衍射（PXRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和N₂吸脱附结果表明离子液体的引入不会破坏NH₂-MIL-101的MOF晶体结构或堵塞孔道,但能诱导产生介孔。催化反应表征结果显示,离子液体CFIL结构中咪唑N作为Lewis碱性位点活化CO₂,Cl^-作为亲核试剂促进环氧氯丙烷开环,并与MOF材料NH₂-MIL-101上的Cr³⁺和氨基产生协同作用,诱导在温和条件（0.1 MPa CO₂、25–70℃、无溶剂和助剂）下,高效催...     

An Amine-Functionalized Titanium Metal-Organic Framework Photocatalyst with Visible-Light-Induced Activity for CO(2) Reduction

Let your light shine: The photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide to the formate anion under visible light irradiation is for the first time realized over a photoactive Ti-containing metal-organic framework, NH(2) -MIL-125(Ti), which is fabricated by a facile substitution of ligands in the UV-responsive MIL-125(Ti) material (see scheme; TEOA=triethanolamine).     

Construction of NH2-MIL-125(Ti) nanoplates modified Bi2WO6 microspheres with boosted visible-light photocatalytic activity

Photoactive metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have proven to be a promising porous material in the field of catalysis. Controllable integration of these MOFs with inorganic semiconductor materials may endow new multifunctional hybrid materials with preferable photocatalytic properties. In this research, NH₂-MIL-125(Ti) nanoplates modified Bi₂WO₆ microspheres was prepared via a simple solvothermal method. The photocatalytic behaviors of the acquired catalysts was evaluated via the degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) under visible light. The experimental results showed that NH₂-MIL-125(Ti)/Bi₂WO₆ composites display higher photocatalytic activity than that of single Bi₂WO₆, and the ideal incorporation amount of NH₂-MIL-125(Ti) was around 5 wt%. The steady state fluorescence spectrum, transient photocurrents and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy verified that the introduction of NH₂-MIL-125(Ti) could accelerate the separation and transfer of photogenerated carriers and thus improve the photocatalytic activity of Bi₂WO₆. The photocatalytic mechanism was explored in detail. This work extends the knowledge of integrating MOFs with traditional photocatalysts to form new composite materials in the area of environmental purification.

     

Photocatalytic Activities of FeNbO4/NH2-MIL-125(Ti) Composites toward the Cycloaddition of CO2 to Propylene Oxide

Photocatalytic utilization of CO₂ in the production of value-added chemicals has presented a recent green alternative for CO₂ fixation. In this regard, three FeNbO₄/NH₂-MIL-125(Ti) composites of different mole ratios were synthesized, characterized using Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX). PXRD patterns confirm the co-existence of the parent components in the prepared composites. Moreover, the surface area increased as the mole percent of NH₂-MIL-125(Ti) in the composites increased due to the large surface area of NH₂-MIL-125(Ti). Prepared composites were investigated for the photocatalytic insertion of CO₂ into propylene oxide. FeNbO_4(75%)/NH₂-MIL-125(Ti)_(25%) showed the highest percent yield of 52% compared to the other two composites. Results demonstrate the cooperative mechanism between FeNbO₄ and NH₂-MIL-125(Ti) and that the reaction proceeded photocatalytically.     

Reverse Replacement in NH2-MIL-125 with 1,4-Dicarboxybenzene for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) constructed by ligands and metal clusters, have been considered as a promising material for photocatalytic water splitting. In this work, a solvent-assisted ligand exchange (SALE) method has been applied through partial reverse substitution of the ligand in NH₂-MIL-125 (Ti) by 1,4-dicarboxybenzene (BDC). This modification strategy can optimize the charge transfer dynamics together with the preserved light absorption, resulting in a 3.3 times higher hydrogen production rate compared to the pristine material under visible-light irradiation. This work broadens the field of ligand modifications of MOFs to boost the photocatalytic performance.     

Covalently integrated core-shell MOF@COF hybrids as efficient visible-light-driven photocatalysts for selective oxidation of alcohols

Building a covalently connected structure with accelerated photo-induced electrons and charge-carrier separation between semiconductors could enhance the photocatalytic performance.In this work,we report a facile and novel seed growth method to coat NH_2-MIL-125 MOFs with crystalline and porous covalent organic frameworks (COFs) materials and form a range of NH_2-MIL-125@TAPB-PDA nanocomposites with different thicknesses of COF shell.The introduction of appropriate content of COF could not only modify the intrinsic electronic and optical properties,but also enhance the photocatalytic activity distinctly.Especially,NH_2-MIL-125@TAPB-PDA-3 with COF shell thickness of around 20nm exhibited the highest yield (94.7%) of benzaldehyde which is approximately 2.5 and 15.5 times as that of parental NH_2-MIL-125 and COF,respectively.The promoted photocatalytic performance of hybrid materials was mainly owing to the enhanced photo-induced charge carriers transfer between the MOF and COF through the covalent bond.In addition,a possible mechanism to elucidate the process of photocatalysis was explored.Therefore,this kind of MOF-based photocatalysts possesses great potentials in future green organic synthesis.     

Visible‐light photocatalytic activity of Ag@MIL‐125(Ti) microspheres

Ag nanoparticle (NP)‐decorated MIL‐125(Ti) microspheres (Ag@MIL‐125(Ti)) were firstly fabricated via a facile hydrothermal and following photo‐reduction method. The photocatalysts were characterized using X‐ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopies, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The characterization results indicated that Ag NPs were dispersed on the surface of MIL‐125(Ti) microspheres, and the Ag NPs had a uniform diameter of about 40 nm. The composites exhibited excellent visible‐light absorption, due to the modification with the Ag NPs. The photocatalytic activity for the visible‐light‐promoted degradation of Rhodamine B was improved through the optimization of the amount of Ag loaded as a co‐catalyst, this amount being determined as 3 wt%. Additionally, studies performed using radical scavengers indicated that O₂^? and e^? served as the main reactive species. The catalyst can be reused at least five times without significant loss of its catalytic activity. Furthermore, a photocatalytic mechanism for degradation of organics over Ag@MIL‐125(Ti) is also proposed. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Preparation of BiVO4/MIL‐125(Ti) composite with enhanced visible‐light photocatalytic activity for dye degradation

Because of their desired features, including very specific surface areas and designable framework architecture together with their possibility to be functionalized, Metal Framework (MOF) is a promising platform for supporting varied materials in respect of catalytic applications in water treatment. In this work, a novel visible‐light‐responsive photocatalyst that comprised BiVO₄ together with MIL‐125(Ti), was synthesized by a two‐step hydrothermal approach. The characterization of as‐obtained samples as performed by X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscope, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and ultraviolet‐visible diffuse reflection spectra. Rhodamine B was selected being a target for the evaluation of the photocatalytic function of as‐developed photocatalyst. The photocatalytic reaction parameters, for example, the content of BiVO₄ as well as initial concentration of Rhodamine B was researched. The composite photocatalyst possessing Bi:Ti molar ratio of 3:2 brought to light the fact that the greatest photocatalytic activity had the ability to degrade 92% of Rhodamine B in 180 min. In addition to that, the BiVO₄/MIL‐125(Ti) composite could keep its photocatalytic activity during the recycling test. The phenomenon of disintegration of the photo‐generated charges in the BiVO₄/MIL‐125(Ti) composite was brought to discussion as well.     

WOx/TiO2光催化剂的可见光催化活性机理探讨

采用磁控溅射技术在用浸渍提拉法制得的TiO2薄膜上,溅射氧化钨层,通过气相反应中光催化降解二甲苯的实验表明,WOx/TiO2薄膜具有可见光活性.通过UV-Vis吸收光谱、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等方法对其可见光活性的机理进行探索.UV-Vis吸收光谱表明WOx,TiO2对可见光响应的范围有一定的扩展,吸收强度增加.XPS表明WOx/TiO2薄膜表面形成了明显的W杂质能级和Ti缺陷能级,这是WOx/TiO2在可见光范围有一吸收的主要原因,也是光催化剂具有可见光活性的必要条件之一,同时杂质能级的存在使半导体费米能级上移,载流子增加,光催化效率提高.     

One‐pot self‐assembly and photoreduction synthesis of silver nanoparticle‐decorated reduced graphene oxide/MIL‐125(Ti) photocatalyst with improved visible light photocatalytic activity

In recent years, tremendous research efforts have been made towards developing metal–organic framework (MOF)‐based composites for photocatalytic applications. In this work, bipyramid‐like MIL‐125(Ti) frustum enwrapped with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and dispersed silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) was fabricated using an efficient one‐pot self‐assembly and photoreduction strategy. The as‐obtained materials were characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms, and X‐ray photoelectron, ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance and photoluminescence spectroscopies. It is found that the as‐prepared Ag/rGO/MIL‐125(Ti) ternary hybrids have large surface area, microporous structure, enhanced visible light absorption and prolonged lifetime of charge carriers. Compared with pure MIL‐125(Ti) and its binary counterparts, the ternary composite exhibits more efficient photocatalytic performance for Rhodamine B (RhB) degradation from water under visible light irradiation. The photodegradation rate of RhB on Ag/rGO/MIL‐125(Ti) is 0.0644 min^?1, which is 1.62 times higher than that of the pure MIL‐125(Ti). The improved photocatalytic performance is ascribed to the indirect dye photosensitization, the Ag NP localized surface plasmon resonance, the Ti³⁺–Ti⁴⁺ intervalence electron transfer and the synergistic effect among MIL‐125(Ti), Ag NPs and rGO. Ag NPs serve as an efficient ‘electron reservoir’ and rGO as an electron transporter and collector. Therefore, this work provides a new pathway into the design of MOF‐based composites for application in environmental and energy fields. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

MIL-125(Ti)及其氨基功能化材料修饰石英晶体微天平的湿敏性能

采用简单的溶剂热法制备金属有机框架化合物MIL-125(Ti)和NH_2-MIL-125(Ti)材料,并通过X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、傅氏转换红外线光谱分析仪和比表面积测试仪对所得样品进行表征。将2种材料修饰构建为石英晶体微天平传感器,测试其在11%～97%RH相对湿度范围内的湿度感测性能。实验结果表明,基于MIL-125(Ti)和NH_2-MIL-125(Ti)构建的传感器对湿度具有灵敏度高、重复性好、响应/恢复快等特点。相对于没有氨基修饰的MIL-125(Ti),NH_2-MIL-125(Ti)材料修饰的传感器对湿度表现出更高的响应性能。在环境湿度约52%时,NH_2-MIL-125(Ti)传感器对11%RH湿度响应值比MIL-125(Ti)湿度传感器的大57 Hz,说明氨基功能化对MIL-125(Ti)的湿敏性能有显著的增强作用。此外,通过Materials Studio模拟计算获得了水分子与MIL-125(Ti)及NH_2-MIL-125(Ti)作用的吸附焓,也证明氨基功能化对MIL-125(Ti)的湿度敏感性能具有增强作用。