流动注射化学发光法测定自来水中二氧化氯

在pH12．5的NaOH—KCl缓冲介质中，ClO2直接氧化Luminol能产生很强的化学发光，而且发光强度在一定的范围内与ClO2的浓度呈线性关系，据此建立了流动注射化学发光测定ClO2的新方法。探讨了最佳的发光条件，测定ClO2的线性范围为0．5—200μg／L，检出限为0．3μg／L。本法简便、怏速、灵敏，选择性和重复性较好，应用于自来水中剩余ClO2的测定，结果满意。     

离子色谱法测定饮用水中无机消毒副产物

采用直接进样离子色谱法,对饮用水中无机消毒副产物(DBP):ClOˉ2、BrO、ClOˉ3和Brˉ进行分离检测;研究了分离柱的选择、淋洗液的浓度和流速对分离的影响;在优化的条件下,4种离子的工作曲线范围为1．0～50μg／L;检出限为ClOˉ2 0.3μg／L、BrOˉ3 0.6μg／L、ClOˉ3 0.9μg／L和Brˉ0.6μg／L;4种离子的RSD(n=8)分别为3．8％、3．6％、4．0％和5．0％;本法操作简单、运行费用低、灵敏度高,应用于饮用水的分析。结果令人满意。     

顺序注射-样品预处理模块系统-电热原子吸收法测定海水中痕量铜

将样品预处理模块与自动化顺序注射系统相结合,建立了未经稀释的海水中痕量铜的分离富集方法。铜-PDC螯合物在样品预处理模块中被吸附在聚四氟乙烯微珠填充柱上,用少量甲醇洗脱后,将洗脱液引入电热原子吸收中测定。进样体积为1.0mL时,富集倍率为20,检出限为0.015μg/L,采样频率为26次/h,线性范围为0.05~1.00μg/L,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.8%(0.50μg/L)。利用本方法分离富集并测定了标准海水样品NASS-5及近海水样中的铜含量,并进行了加标回收实验。     

壳聚糖富集火焰原子吸收法测定水中痕量铜

采用壳聚糖修饰钨丝基质螺旋卷，直接浸入含有痕量铜的pH5．0的Brltton-Robinson缓冲溶液中，经电磁搅拌富集一定时间后，将其转移至空气／乙炔火焰燃烧器上，利用火焰原子吸收光谱法简便快速测定水中痕量铜。方法的线性范围为2—75μg／L；检出限为0．98μg／L。同一支钨丝螺旋卷重复涂敷壳聚糖富集Cu，RSD(n=6)为2．7％。     

毛细管区带电泳的离子交换在柱预富集技术研究

提出了离子交换固相萃取的毛细管区带电泳在柱预富集技术。预富集毛细管和分离毛细管的端面靠紧,二者通过一段带侧孔的聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）套管固定。预富集毛细管内壁键合羧基阳离子交换基团,进样时分析离子被保留在预富集管的固定相上,用2mol／L的氯化铵溶液洗脱,再进行毛细管区带电泳分离。方法成功富集和分离了两种低浓度的药物阳离子,普萘洛尔和美托洛尔的灵敏度比常规电动进样分别提高4200和3400倍,其浓度检出限分别为0．02μg/L和0．14μg/L。     

PTFE-g-GMA-PEI纤维填充微柱/ICP-OES在线预富集测定痕量Cr(Ⅵ)和Cr(Ⅲ)研究

采用自制固相萃取材料聚乙烯亚胺胺化的接枝甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯的聚四氟乙烯(PTFE-g-GMA-PEI)纤维填充微柱预富集和流动注射(FI)与电感耦合等离子发射光谱仪(ICP-OES)联用测定样品中痕量Cr(Ⅵ)和Cr(Ⅲ)。对Cr(Ⅵ)和Cr(Ⅲ)的富集与洗脱条件进行优化,并给出Cr(Ⅲ)离子的分析特性。结果表明,该法测定的Cr(Ⅲ)离子富集倍数为30,样品通量为72h-1,检出限为2.2μg/L,RSD为1.2%(50μg/L,n=9),其线性范围为2～500μg/L。该法成功用于环境水样中铬的形态分析,其加标回收率为90～104%。     

流动注射壳聚糖在线微柱预富集火焰原子吸收光谱法测定痕量钯

报道了壳聚糖作在线微柱预富集柱填料,流动注射与火焰原子光谱联用(FI-FAAS)测定痕量Pd的方法。当采样体积13．5mL时,采样频率27／h,富集倍数49倍,线性范围0．01～0．4mg／L,检出限(3s,n=11)1．4μg／L,相对标准偏差1．26％(Cpd=0．2mg／L,n=11)和4．0％(Cpd=0．05mg／L)。初步探讨了该过程的吸附机理。将该方法用于催化剂样品中痕量Pd的测定,结果满意。     

在线还原富集火焰原子吸收光谱法测定环境水样中Cr(Ⅲ)和Cr(Ⅵ)的形态

采用单阀双阳离子交换树脂微柱并联，设计了双路采样逆向洗脱在线分离富集系统，该系统与原子吸收测量技术相结合，实现了在线分离富集-火焰原子吸收光谱法同时测定水中Cr(Ⅲ)和Cr(Ⅵ)，富集1min时，分析速度为60样/h，测定Cr(Ⅲ)和Cr(Ⅵ)的特征浓度分别为6．08μg/L和11．58μg/L(相当于1％吸收)，线性范围分别为0～1．0μg/mL和0～2．0μg/mL，对质量浓度为100μg/L的Cr(Ⅲ)和Cr(Ⅵ)测定的相对标准偏差分别为2．9％和3．0％、检出限分别为8．70和10．8μg/L。该法对实际水样加标回收率在94．5％～104．3％之间。     

负载PAN-S强碱性阴离子交换纤维富集-GFAAS法测定海水中的痕量镉

为了消除石墨炉原子吸收法测定海水中痕量镉所存在的基体效应,采用负载PAN-S强碱性阴离子交换纤维柱吸附海水中的Cd2+实现与海水基体的分离,最后以HNO3附的Cd2+供测定。在p H5时,1000 m L海水样品中的Cd2+离子,可在过柱液流速小于14 m L/min下定量富集在填充有0.5g离子交换纤维的固相萃取柱上,并可被10 m L 0.1 mol/L HNO3完全洗脱。洗脱液中共存离子含量分别为Ca2+(0.034 mg),K+(0.045 mg),Mg2+(0.045 mg),Na+(0.107mg),Ba2+(17.1μg),Al3+(0.586μg)时,对测定无影响。镉的方法检出限为0.008μg/L。用该方法富集和测定了国家标准物质GBW(E)080040和NASS-6中的镉,结果均与标准值吻合。     

在线还原富集-导数火焰原子吸收光谱法测定环境水样中铬(Ⅲ)和铬(Ⅵ)的形态

采用单阀双阳离子交换树脂微柱并联，设计了双路采样逆向洗脱在线分离富集系统，该系统与原子吸收导数测量技术相结合，实现了在线分离富集．导数火焰原子吸收光谱法同时测定水中Cr（Ⅲ）和Cr(Ⅵ），导数仪用2mV／min档位，富集lmin时，分析速度为60样/h，测定Cr（Ⅲ）和Cr(Ⅵ）的特征浓度分别为0．448μg/L和0．793μg/L(相当于1％导数吸收度)，线性范围分别为0-90和0-180μg/L；对浓度分别为10、20μg/LCr（Ⅲ）和Cr(Ⅵ）测定的相对标准偏差分别为2．85％和2．85％；检出限分别为0．855和1．7lμg/L．该法对实际水样加标回收率在94．7％．104％之间。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.