Reactions of <Emphasis Type="Italic">N</Emphasis>-(2,2,2-trichloroethylidene)- and <Emphasis Type="Italic">N</Emphasis>-(2,2-dichloro-2-phenylethylidene)arenesulfonamides with biuret

N-(2,2,2-Trichloroethylidene)- and N-(2,2-dichloro-2-phenylethylidene)arenesulfonamides react with an equimolar amount of biuret to give 1-(1-arylsulfonylamino-2,2,2-trichloroethyl)- or 1-(1-arylsulfonylamino-2,2-dichloro-2-phenylethyl)biurets. The reactions with 2 equiv of N-(polychloroethylidene)arenesulfonamides involve both amino groups in the biuret molecule, yielding the corresponding 1,5-bis(1-arylsulfonylamino-2,2,2-trichloroethyl)- and 1,5-bis(1-arylsulfonylamino-2,2-dichloro-2-phenylethyl)biurets.     

N-(2,2,2-Trichloroethylidene)- and N-(1-Hydroxy-2,2,2-trichloroethyl)amides in C-Amidoalkylation Reaction of Functionally-substituted Aromatic Compounds

A reaction with phenol and pyrocatechol of N-(2,2,2-trichloroethylidene)arenesulfonyl-, ethoxycarbonylamides and 1-hydroxy-substituted N-(2,2,2-trichloroethyl)amides of arenesulfonic, carbamic, and acetic acids in the presence of oleum or in sulfuric acid provided the corresponding (1-amido-2,2,2-trichloroethyl)-substituted phenols. N-(2,2,2-Trichloroethylidene)-4-chlorobenzenesulfonamide reacted with salicylamide in the presence of oleum to afford 3-aminocarbonyl-4-[2,2,2-trichloro-1-(4-chlorobenzenesulfonamido)ethyl]benzene whereas the 1-hydroxy-2,2,2-trichloroethylamides of the acetic, carbamic, and arenesulfonic acids did not enter into such reactions.     

Alkylation of Phenols with N-(2,2,2-Trichloroethylidene)- and N-(2,2,2-Trichloroethyl)arenesulfonamides

N-(2,2,2-Trichloroethylidene)- and N-(2,2,2-trichloroethyl)arenesulfonamides react with phenol, 2-chlorophenol, and 2-methylphenol in the presence of oleum or sulfuric acid to give the corresponding 4-(2,2,2-trichloro-1-arylsulfonylaminoethyl)phenols in good yields.     

Synthesis of heterocyclic compounds from the products of addition of polyhaloalkanes to unsaturated systems 4. Synthesis of substituted furo[2,3-d]pyrimidines

2-Amino-5-methyl-4-(2,2,2-trichloroethyl)-3-furonitrile was synthesized from 3,5,5,5-tetrachloropentan-2-one, a product of the radical addition of CCl₄ to methyl vinyl ketone, according to a scheme known for -haloketones. The product was converted via the corresponding imino-ether into N²-substituted N¹ [5-methyl-4-(2,2,2-trichloroethyl)-3-cyano-2-furyl]formamidines. Cyclization of these formamidines gave 2-methyl-3-(2,2,2-trichloroethyl)-5-R-4-imino-4,5-dihydrofuro[2,3-d]pyrimidines, which readily regroup according to Dimroth into 2-methyl-3-(2,2,2-trichloroethyl)-4-R-aminofuro[2,3-d]pyrimidines.For communication 3, see [1].Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 124–129, January, 1993.     

Synthesis and Properties of N-(2,2,2-Trichloroethyl)-2-thiophenesulfonamides

Chlorination of 2-thiophenesulfonamide gave unstable N,N-dichloro-2-thiophenesulfonamide which was brought into reactions with 1,2-polyhaloethenes. The condensation of 2-thiophenesulfonamide with trichloroacetaldehyde afforded N-(2,2,2-trichloro-1-hydroxyethyl)-2-thiophenesulfonamide which reacted with benzene, toluene, 2-chlorothiophene, and phenol to form the corresponding N-(1-aryl-2,2,2-trichloroethyl)-2-thiophenesulfonamides. Under more severe conditions, the latter were converted into 1,1-diaryl-2,2,2-trichloroethanes. The reaction of N-(2,2,2-trichloro-1-hydroxyethyl)-2-thiophenesulfonamide with substituted arenes, including phenol, was regioselective: only the corresponding para-substituted products were obtained. Hydrolysis of N-[2,2,2-trichloro-1-(4-tolyl)ethyl]-2-thiophenesulfonamide yielded N-(2-thienylsulfonyl)-2-(4-tolyl)glycine.     

Investigations into functionally substituted azines.

Reaction of 2-N-potassiocyanamino-4,6-bisisopropyl(dimethylamino)-sym-triazines with acid 1,2,2,2-tetrachloroethylamides leads to the formation of 2-N-cyano-N-(1-acylamino-2,2,2-trichloroethyl)amino-4,6-bisisopropyl(dimethylamino)-sym-triazines. Reaction with 1-hydroxy(methoxy)-2,2,2-trichloroethylamides of chloroacetic acid leads to 2-(2-imino-4-oxooxazolidin-1-yl)-4,6-bis(dimethylamino)-sym-triazine and its 1-methoxy-2,2,2-trichloroethyl derivative substituted at the position 3 of the oxazolidine ring.     

Sulfonamidation of halogen-substituted electrophiles with <Emphasis Type="Italic">N</Emphasis>-(2,2,2-trichloroethyl)arenesulfonamides

Reactions of N-(2,2,2-trichloroethyl)arenesulfonamides with primary alkyl bromides and iodides, allyl bromide, chloroacetonitrile, and benzyl chloride in acetonitrile on heating in the presence of potassium carbonate gave the corresponding N-alkyl-N-(2,2,2-trichloroethyl)arenesulfonamides.     

An IR Study of the Structure of New Thiocarboxylic Acid N-(1-Arenesulfonamido-2-phenyl-2,2-dichloroethyl- and -2,2,2-trichloroethyl)amides

An IR study of thiocarboxylic acid N-(1-arenesulfonamido-2-phenyl-2,2-dichloroethyl- and -2,2,2-trichloroethyl)amides revealed intramolecular hydrogen bonds whose formation is accompanied by electron density delocalization and stabilization of conformations with quasiaromatic rings. Formation of chelate species was confirmed by AM1 calculations.     

1,2-H shift in copper-chlorocarbenoid intermediate during CuCl/bpy-promoted stereoselective dechlorination of 2,2,2-trichloroethyl alkyl ethers to (Z)-1-alkoxy-2-chloroethenes

Reaction of 2,2,2-trichloroethyl alkyl ethers with 2 molar equiv of CuCl/bpy in refluxing DCE yielded (Z)-1-alkoxy-2-chloroethenes stereoselectively as the major product via 1,2-H shift in copper-chlorocarbenoid intermediate. 2,2,2-Trichloroethyl carboxylates undergo a radical 1,2-acyloxy shift under similar conditions.     

Structure and proton donating ability of 2- and 2,5-bis(1-trifluoromethanesulfonylamido-2,2,2-trichloroethyl)pyrroles

2-(1-Trifluoromethanesulfonylamido-2,2,2-trichloroethyl)pyrrole and 2,5-bis(1-trifluoromethanesulfonylamido-2,2,2-trichloroethyl)pyrrole according to quantum chemical calculations (B3LYP/6-311G**) exist in the isomeric forms whose structure determines the formation of intramolecular hydrogen bonds NH⋯Cl, NH⋯O=S and CH⋯O=S of different strength. Potentiometric and spectroscopic acidity of these compounds is determined. From the data of IR spectroscopy their proton donating ability upon interaction with Lewis bases is shown depending on the presence of intramolecular hydrogen bonds, mutual effects of intermolecular hydrogen bonds formed by the sulfonamide and pyrrole NH groups with the base, and electronic effects of the substituents. Original Russian Text ? L.P. Oznobikhina, N.N. Chipanina, B.A. Shainyan, L.V. Sherstyannikova, V.A. Kukhareva, T.N. Aksamentova, E.V. Kondrashov, G.G. Levkovskaya, 2009, published in Zhurnal Obshchei Khimii, 2009, Vol. 79, No. 2, pp. 326–333.     

Synthesis of multisubstituted 2-(dihydrofuran-2(3H)-ylidene)acetates via intramolecular carboalkoxylation by platinum-olefin catalyst system

The cyclization of 6-(1-alkoxyethyl)hex-2-ynoates in the presence of a platinum-olefin catalyst system gave the corresponding multisubstituted 2-(dihydrofuran-2(3H)-ylidene)acetates in good to high yields. The Z/E selectivity is controlled by the electronic property of the ester group; the 2,2,2-trichloroethyl ester led to the Z isomer, while the phenyl ester gave the E isomer.     

Indium-mediated chemoselective deprotection and demonochlorination of 2,2,2-trichloroethyl esters

On treatment with indium metal, the 2,2,2-trichloroethyl carboxylates smoothly undergo deprotection to carboxylic acids and reductive demonochlorination to 2,2-dichloroethyl esters, sharply depending on their structures.     

Photoactivation of fluorescence of rhodamine dyes in the presence of haloalkanes

Organic halogen derivatives, viz., hexachloroethane, 2,2,2-trichloroethanol, 2,2,2-tribromoethanol, butyl trichloroacetate, 2,2,2-trichloroethyl methacrylate, can efficiently activate fluorescence of lactone forms of rhodamine dyes by UV irradiation through the UFS-1 light filter in both solutions and polymer poly(methyl methacrylate) films. This ability is also typical of the copolymer of methyl methacrylate and 2,2,2-trichloroethyl methacrylate, which is promising for the development of detecting media for archive optical data storage with fluorescent readout.     

Sulfonylimines of Polychloroaldehydes in Reaction with Thioamides

N-(2,2,2-Trichloroethylidene)- and N-(2-phenyl-2,2-dichloroethylidene)amides of aromatic sulfonic acids react with thioacetamide, thiourea, and N-acetylthiourea at equimolar reagents ratio to furnish N-(1-arenesulfonamido-2,2,2-trichloroethyl)- and N-(1-arenesulfonamido-2-phenyl-2,2-dichloroethyl)thioamides. The reaction with deficient amount of thiourea results in N,N'-bis(1-arenesulfonamido-2-polychloroethyl)-thiocarbamides.     

Nucleosides and nucleotides. 2. Synthesis of both anomers of 1-(5'-O-phosphoryl-2'-deoxy-D-ribofuranosyl)-2(1H)-pyridone

The two anomeric 1-(2′-deoxy-D -ribofuranosyl)-2(1H)-pyridones 6 and 7 were synthesized from 2-pyridone and 3,5-di-(O-p-toluoyl)-2-deoxy-D -ribofuranosyl chloride ( 2 ) via the di-O-p-toluoyl derivatives 3 and 4 using the mercuric halide procedure. Phosphorylation of the nucleosides 6 and 7 by bis-(2,2,2-trichloroethyl)-chlorophosphate gave the phosphate esters 8 and 9 together with some 2-(bis-[2,2,2-trichloroethyl]-phosphoryloxy)-pyridine 10 , which proved to be very labile. Structure and configuration of compounds 6 to 9 were established by spectral methods, the configurations being derived from the chemical shifts of the sugar protons and the splitting patterns of the anomeric protons (‘triplet-quartet rule’). The specific rotations of 3 , 4 , 6 , 7 , 8 and 9 show that the three pairs of anomers represent exceptions to Hudson's rule of isorotation. Reductive removal of the trichloroethyl groups in 8 and 9 with zinc proceeds stepwise, yielding the phosphoro-diesters 13 and 14 and the two desired anomeric 5′-nucleotides 15 and 16 . These latter were purified and characterised as the ammonium salts. Enzymatic cleavage by the 5′-nucleotidase of Crotalus adamanteus venom took place only in the ‘natural’ β-series. The ‘unnatural’ α-anomers were resistent to the enzyme. The structure of 10 was established by spectral methods and confirmed by synthesis.     

Selective nitrogen protection of hydroxyalkylbenzimidazoles using 2,2,2-trichloroethylchloroformate

A method for selective N-protection of hydroxyalkylbenzimidazoles using 2,2,2-trichloroethylchloroformate (Troc-Cl) applicable to various alkyl chain lengths has been developed. In the specific case of 5-(1-[2,2,2-trichloroethyl formyl]-benzimidazol-2-yl)-propan-1-ol, migration of Troc from the benzimidazole to the primary alcohol occurs in the presence of triethylamine, allowing the choice of selective N-Troc or O-Troc protection.     

Stereoselective synthesis of (E)-4-alkoxy-2-aryl-5-chloro-2-thiazolines

The first synthesis of the title compounds has been achieved starting from chloralamides by a route involving chemical and electrochemical steps. N-(1-Alkoxy-2,2,2-trichloroethyl)benzamides were efficiently prepared from chloralbenzamides and were electrochemically converted into N-(1-alkoxy-2,2-dichloroethyl)benzamides in high yields by cathodic reduction in a protic medium. Thionation of these compounds with Lawesson's reagent followed by basic treatment gave novel (E)-4-alkoxy-2-aryl-5-chloro-2-thiazolines in fair to quantitative yields.     

Effect of deuterated solvents toward 2,2,2-trichloroethyl esters with a benzylic methylene moiety

The indium-promoted chemoselective deprotection of 2,2,2-trichloroethyl esters containing a benzylic methylene was successfully achieved by employing deuterated solvents.     

Stereoselective electrogeneration of (E)-4-alkoxy-2-phenyl-5-chloro-2-oxazolines by cathodic reduction of N-(1-alkoxy-2,2,2-trichloroethyl)benzamides

The first method for the synthesis of the title compounds has been established. Quantitative reactions of benzamides with chloral hydrate provided chloralbenzamides which were efficiently converted to N-(1,2,2,2-tetrachloroethyl)amides by treatment with phosphorus pentachloride. These compounds reacted selectively with alcohols under mild conditions to give N-(1-alkoxy-2,2,2-trichloroethyl)benzamides in high yields which were stereoselectively transformed to (E)-4-alkoxy-2-aryl-5-chloro-2-oxazolines in fair to good yields by electrochemical reduction under constant cathodic potential in an aprotic medium.     

Amidine derivatives of α-arylglycines from N-(1-aryl-2,2,2-trichloroethyl)amides of arenesulfonic acids and secondary amines

The interaction of N-(1-aryl-2,2,2-trichloroethyl)amides of arenesulfonic acids with secondary amines or their salts in the presence of inorganic bases involves the formation of chloroaziridine intermediates. Depending upon the solvent and reagent ratio, the reaction results in N-[1-dialkylamino-2-chloro-2-arylethylidene]-, N-[2-dialkylamino-1-chloro-2-arylethylidene]-, N-[1,2-bis(dialkylamino)-2-arylethylidene]-, and N-(1,2-dioxo-2-arylethene)amides of arenesulfonic acids.