Dynamical resonance in F＋H2 chemical reaction and rotational excitation effect

Reaction resonance is a frontier topic in chemical dynamics research,and it is also essential to the understanding of mechanisms of elementary chemical reactions.This short article describes an im- portant development in the frontier of research.Experimental evidence of reaction resonance has been detected in a full quantum state resolved reactive scattering study of the F H2 reaction.Highly accurate full quantum scattering theoretical modeling shows that the reaction resonance is caused by two Feshbach resonance states.Further studies show that quantum interference is present between the two resonance states for the forward scattering product.This study is a significant step forward in our understanding of chemical reaction resonance in the benchmark F H2 system.Further experimental studies on the effect of H2 rotational excitation on dynamical resonance have been carried out.Dy- namical resonance in the F H2(j=1)reaction has also been observed.     

Atmospheric heterogeneous reaction of acetone:Adsorption and desorption kinetics and mechanisms on SiO_2 particles

Acetone plays an important role in photooxidation processes in the atmosphere. Up to date, little is known regarding the heterogeneous fate of acetone. In this study, the adsorption and desorption processes of acetone on SiO2 particles, which are the major constituent of mineral dust in the atmos-phere, have been investigated for the first time under the simulated atmospheric conditions, using in situ transmission Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. It is found that acetone molecules are ad-sorbed on the surfaces of SiO2 particles by van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonding forces in a nonreactive and reversible state. The rates of initial adsorption and initial desorption, initial uptake coefficients and adsorption concentrations at equilibrium have been determined at different relative humidity. The presence of water vapor cannot result in the formation of new substances, but can de-crease the adsorption ability by consuming or overlapping the isolated OH groups on the surfaces of SiO2 particles. In the desorption process, a considerable amount of acetone molecules will remain on SiO2 particles in dry air, whereas acetone molecules are almost completely desorbed at a high relative humidity. In order to evaluate the role of heterogeneous reactions of acetone and other carbonyl compounds in the atmosphere, a new model fitting the atmospheric conditions is needed.     

凹凸棒石粘土负载SO2-4-Al2O3及H2SO4催化合成氯乙酸异丙酯

用活性凹凸棒石粘土负载SO2-4-Al2O3及H2SO4催化氯乙酸和异丙醇合成氯乙酸异丙酯,通过正交实验,发现重复性较好,确定反应的最佳条件为酸醇物质的量比1∶1.8,催化剂加入量为酸量的4%,活化酸度10%,焙烧温度400 ℃,反应温度为回流温度,反应时间为6 h,酯化率分别达到73.5%和59.6%.通过FTIR、XRD测试,分析活性凹凸棒石粘土负载SO2-4-Al2O3及H2SO4的结构.     

凹凸棒石粘土负载SO4^2-Al2O3及H2SO4催化合成氯乙酸异丙酯

用活性凹凸棒石粘土负载SO42--Al2O3及H2SO4催化氯乙酸和异丙醇合成氯乙酸异丙酯,通过正交实验,发现重复性较好,确定反应的最佳条件为酸醇物质的量比1∶1.8,催化剂加入量为酸量的4%,活化酸度10%,焙烧温度400℃,反应温度为回流温度,反应时间为6 h,酯化率分别达到73.5%和59.6%.通过FTIR、XRD测试,分析活性凹凸棒石粘土负载SO42--Al2O3及H2SO4的结构.     

Kinetic parameters of oscillating reaction of amino acid- BrO3^——Mn^2＋-H2SO4-acetone system

In the previous papers[1—3], the oscillating reactionusing amino acids as organic substrates was studied. Inorder to obtain information about the kinetic parameters ofoscillating reaction of amino acids in amino acid- BrO3 - ?Mn2 -H2SO4-acetone sy…     

Microdynamics study on reaction of atom H and radical NH (X~3∑)

The dynamics of the H + NH→N + H2 reaction has been investigated by means of the 3-atom model quasiclassical trajectory approach. The LEPS potential energy surface is employed in the study, which is obtained from the ab initio results and has an early saddle point in the minimum energy path. The results indicate that the reaction product H2 is mainly scattered backward, and the reaction is found to occur via a direct channel. The product H2 is in a cold excitation of rotational state, but has a hot vibrational excitation. Based on the potential surface and the trajectory analysis, the reaction mechanism has been explained successfully.     

苯酚—BrO3—H2SO4体系振荡反应的研究

本文报道了苯酚——溴酸钾——硫酸体系的非催化化学振荡反应,研究了反应物浓度,反应温度、氯离子、自由基抑制剂(丙烯腈)等多种因素对化学振荡反应的影响,计算了反应活化能,分析了非催化反应的产物,研究了经典 Belousov—Zhabotinsky 振荡反应中常作为催化剂的金属离子(如 Mn~(2-),Ce~(2+)等)对非催化振荡反应的影响,最后对非催化反应的催化机理及控制机理作了初步探讨     

30℃时K2SO4和（NH4）2SO4在CH3OH—H2O溶液中的共饱和度研究

本研究测定了３０℃时Ｋ２ＳＯ４－（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４－ＣＨ３ＯＨ－Ｈ２Ｏ元体系的共饱和度，分析了ＣＨ３ＯＨ含量对Ｋ２ＳＯ４及（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４共饱和度的影响，得出了以ＣＨ３ＯＨ为盐析剂，从Ｋ２ＳＯ４和（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４的水溶液中晶析Ｋ２ＳＯ４的规律，为Ｋ２ＳＯ４和（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４的分离提供理论依据。     

Tunable and enhanced luminescence of Ba2−xCaxSiO4−yN2/3y:Eu2+ phosphors for white light-emitting diodes

Color tuning and luminescence enhancement are predominant challenges for improving the performance of white light emitting diodes(LEDs) toward commercial application. In this paper, a novel promising Ba_(2-x)Ca_xSiO_(4-y)N_(2/3y):Eu~(2+) tphosphors with tunable and enhanced luminescence for phosphors converted LEDs(pc-LEDs) have been successfully synthesized by a direct gas-reduction nitridation method. The effects of Ca and N doping on the phase purity, morphology and optical properties of Ba_(2-x)Ca_xSiO_(4-y)N_(2/3y):Eu~(2+) tphosphors were also systematically investigated. The optical results show that Ba_(2-x)Ca_xSiO_(4-y)N_(2/3y):Eu~(2+) tphosphors can be actively excited over a broad range from 250 to430 nm. With the adding of different concentrations of Ca~(2+) tions in phosphors, the emission color wavelength can be tailored from 501 to 441 nm by a 375 nm NUV LED excitation source. Furthermore, it has been found that the emission and absorption of Ba_(2-x)Ca_xSiO_(4-y)N_(2/3y) tphosphor can be significantly improved when N~(3-) ions were introduced into the host lattices. The intensity of Ba_(1.5)Ca_(0.5)SiO_(4-y)N_(2/3y):Eu~(2+) tphosphor was 3.4 times higher than the phosphor without N doping. The fabrication and characterization of pc-LEDs using Ba_(2-x)Ca_xSiO_(4-y)N_(2/3y):Eu~(2+) tphosphors-silica gel as the coating layer onto 375 nm-emitting In Ga N LED caps demonstrated the superior optical and current tolerant properties,making it a promising and competitive candidate for commercial utilization in white LED applications.     

ATP对H2M—Mn^2＋—BrO^—3—H2SO4系统的干扰

在接近人的体温条件下，研究ATP对以Mn2＝为催化剂的B－Z反应系统的干扰作用．     

铜配合物[Cu(C3N2H3)2(H2NC6H4SO3)2(H2O)2]·2H2O的合成和晶体结构

合成了一种新的铜配合物[Cu(C3N2H3)2(H2NC6H4SO3)2(H2O)2]·2H2O,经元素分析和X-射线衍射得该化合物的分子式为C18H26CuN6O10S2,该晶体属单斜晶系,空间群为P 121／n,晶胞参数为a=7．2928(15) A,b=15．635(3)A,c=11．361(2)A;α=γ=90°,β=104．94(3)°;Z=2;DC=1．629 mg／m3;F(000)= 634;对于可观测衍射点的R1=0．0548,wR2=0．1516,S=1．014;最终差图中最大电子密度峰值和洞值分别为0．968e．A-3和-0．465e．A-3．两个对氨基苯磺酸和两个吡唑各自提供一个N原子、另有两个H2O分别与 Cu2 配位,Cu2 的配位多面体为畸变八面体．     

Electronic structure and chemical reaction of Ca deposition on resiore8ular poly（3-hexylthiophene） surfaces

Conjugated polymer, regioregular poly（3-hexylthiophene） （rr-P3HT）, films were prepared by spin-coating the rr-P3HT chloroform solution onto clean silicon wafer surfaces. The chemical re- action and electronic structure of Ca deposition on rr-P3HT surfaces were in situ investigated by synchrotron radiation photoemission spectroscopy （SRPES） and X-ray photoemission spectros- copy （XPS）. Upon Ca deposition, Ca-induced band bending of rr-P3HT is observed. In addition, Ca atoms preferentially react with S atoms of rr-P3HT. No obvious reaction between Ca and C atoms can be found. Through the investigation of the evolution of valence band spectra and secondary electron cut-off of rr-P3HT during the process of Ca deposition, an energy level alignment diagram at the Ca/rr-P3HT interface is derived.     

Microdynamics study on reaction of atom H and radical NH (X3Σ)

The dynamics of the H + NH→-N + H₂, reaction has been investigated by means of the 3-atom model quasiclassical trajectory approach. The LEPS potential energy surface is employed in the study, which is obtained from theab initio results and has an early saddle point in the minimum energy path. The results indicate that the reaction product H₂, is mainly scattered backward, and the reaction is found to occur via a direct channel. The product H₂, is in a cold excitation of rotational state, but has a hot vibrational excitation. Based on the potential surface and the trajectory analysis, the reaction mechanism has been explained successfully.     

Comparative study on the corrosion behavior of X52, 3Cr,and 13Cr steel in an O2–H2O–CO2 system: products,reaction kinetics,and pitting sensitivity

The corrosionbehaviors of X52, 3Cr low-alloy steel, and 13Cr stainless steel were investigated inanO2–H2O–CO2 environment at varioustemperaturesand O2–CO2partial-pressure ratios. The results showed thatthe corrosion rates of X52, 3Cr, and 13Cr steels in-creased with increasing temperature. The corrosion ratesslowly increased at temperaturesless than100℃ and increased sharply when the temperature exceeded100℃. In the absence of O2, X52, 3Cr, and 13Cr exhibited uniform corrosion morphology and FeCO3 was the main corrosion product. When O2 was introduced into the system, various forms of Fe2O3 appeared on the surface of the samples. The Cr content strongly influenced the corrosion resistance. The 3Cr steel with a low Cr content was more sensitive to pitting than the X52 or 13Cr steel. Thus, pitting occurred on the surface of 3Cr when 1.25 MPa of O2 was added; this phenomenon is related to the non-uniform distribution of Cr in 3Cr.     

[MnⅡMn2Ⅲ(H2L)2(CH3COO)4(CH3OH)2]·H2O·CH3OH的合成与晶体结构

以水杨醛缩三羟甲基氨基甲烷(H4L)为配体,分别与简单锰盐、低核锰簇反应,都得到三核锰配合物[MnⅡMn2Ⅲ(H2L)2(CH3COO)4(CH3OH)2]·H2O·CH3OH,并用红外光谱和单晶衍射对其进行了表征.晶体结构分析表明,4个醋酸根的氧原子和2个希夫碱分子的烷氧基氧共同桥联3个金属离子,形成一个三核结构的配合物.分子之间通过氢键作用,形成二维超分子结构.     

Synthesis, Characterization and Calorimetry of Ni（C4H8N2O3）2Cl2

A coordination complex was synthesized from NiCl2 and dipeptide glycylglycine（GG）. It was characterized by element analysis, NMR and TG methods, and then was determined to be Ni（C4HsN2O3）2Cl2. Using an isoperibolic reaction calorimeter, the standard molar enthalpy of formation of Ni（GG）2Cl2（solid） has been determined to be -（1 674.66±2.02） kJ · mol^-1 at 298.15 K.     

NaVO3+H2SO4溶液中氧气气氛下甲酸分解的研究

研究了在氧气存在下生物质催化氧化制甲酸体系中甲酸的稳定性,主要考察了反应温度、反应时间、氧气初始压力、硫酸浓度、催化剂等因素对于甲酸分解的影响。研究结果表明,温度、反应时间、硫酸浓度对甲酸的分解速率有显著的影响;氧气的初始压力对于甲酸的分解影响较小;催化剂NaVO3的存在会加速甲酸的分解。生物质催化氧化体系中,甲酸的分解反应为二级反应,甲酸分解反应的表观活化能为85.1 k J/mol。提出了在H2SO4溶液中氧气气氛下NaVO3催化甲酸分解的机理。     

用NaNO3除去被H2SO4碳化的有机化合物的机理讨论

用浓H2SO4作浴液测定固体有机化合物的熔点时,常常出现有机物落入浓H2SO4中使溶液变黑的现象,一般加入NaNO3,加热后即可使之褪色,本文对其机理进行了探讨.     

KClO3/FeSO4/H2SO4催化氧化合成二芳基偶氮羰酰肼

报道了一种有效的由KClO3/FeSO4/H2SO4催化氧化体系对二芳基卡巴肼进行氧化脱氢,合成二芳基偶氮羰酰肼的新方法.该方法具有反应快速、条件温和、操作简便、原料价廉易得等优点.     

利用Na2SO4—Na2CO3—H2O三元体系相图提取纯碱

本文利用天然碱分离出的复盐(2Na_2SO_4Na_2CO_3)和少量Na_2CO_3·H_2O的混合物为原料,根据25℃和100℃的Na_2SO_4-Na_2CO_3-H_2O三元体系相图以及实验测定的原料组成确定了相图中物系点P,在此基础上,进一步阐明了分离和提取纯碱的原理。并设计了一套可行的实验方案,从而使产率提高到76.53％。为工厂大规模生产提供一定的参考依据。